European Journal of Education Studies
ISSN: 2501 - 1111
ISSN-L: 2501 - 1111
Available on-line at: www.oapub.org/edu
10.5281/zenodo.61309
Volume 2│Issue 3│2016
ACCESS TO TOURISM INFORMATION AMONG UNIVERSITY
ACADEMIC STAFF
Lawal Yazid Ibrahim
Department of Physical & Health Education, Faculty of Education,
Bayero University, Kano, Kano, Nigeria
Abstract:
Tourism involve temporary movement from place of residence to a destination for the
purpose of rest and relaxation, recreation, sightseeing, education (viewing of nature for
knowledge and conservation), visiting friends and relatives, business, medical
treatments, pilgrimages and attendance at religious festivals, exhibitions and
conventions attending sporting events and holidaying from work. On the other hand
tourism information is the information that enables a potential tourist to access the
destination of interest, insight of information about attraction and destination Survey
research method was adopted for the study; the population of this study consists of 600
academic staff from three faculties. A stratified sampling technique was used to select
one hundred and eighty (180) 30% respondent that formed the strata with 18
respondents from each stratum. A close-ended questionnaire was design and validated
by three lecturers in the department of geography of Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
Pre-test and post-test of the instrument was done with 20 academic staff in the
department of computer science, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria to ascertain the
reliability of the instrument Cronbach Alpha coefficient was used at 0.05 level of
significance and was found to be consistent at 0.75. Descriptive statistics of frequency
distribution and simple percentages were used in the analysis. Findings of this study,
shows that access to tourism information will lead to arousal of interest to participate in
tourism activities which is very necessary in planning of itinerary, furthermore tourism
has been noted to be a social therapy to stress and boredom. The study recommends
that information on all types of tourism products and services should be provided and
made available for academics staff and public accesses. Necessary infrastructure should
be provided and make available in order to enhance information accesses.
Keywords: tourism, access & information, health & promotion
Copyright © The Author(s). All Rights Reserved
Published by Open Access Publishing Group ©2015.
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Lawal Yazid Ibrahim ACCESS TO TOURISM INFORMATION AMONG UNIVERSITY ACADEMIC STAFF
Introduction
The emergence of tourism as a major industry is one of the most remarkable change
that have taken place in the economic activity in the post-world war era. The industry
has grown from being a marginal aspect of national economic life to an important socioeconomic asset since in the late 1970s. Tourism is of two category; domestic (internal)
and international tourism, it can be further classify to; historical/archaeological, ecotourism, educational, business, culture, religion, safari, environmental, youth and adult,
recreation and hospitality. Tourism service and products are based on confidence,
information and communication; Information as a life blood of the industry. Without it,
the industry cannot function effectively. Before tourist can embark on a trip, they need
information in other to plan and choose between options. They also need information as
the trip progresses since annual holidays or even the weekend breaks are increasing
associated with enormous financial and emotional risks. Werther and Klein reported
that many tourist their annual holidays represent a major emotional investment that
cannot easily be replaced if some goes wrong therefore, since travellers cannot pre-test
the product or easily get their money back if the trip does not measure up to their
expectations, access to accurate, reliable, timely and relevant information is essential to
help them make appropriate choices. Tourism products are not manufactured goods;
most of the products are in service from. However, there are two types of tourism
products which are; natural and anthropogenic products.
The natural products are mountains, valleys, rivers, waterfalls, fisheries, and the
biogenic products like vegetation in a natural era. The anthropogenic products are the
resources created by the activities of man such as; architectural and ethnographical sites
(e.g) place of conserved artefacts, historical and archaeological sites such as ruined
settlement, sports and religion and cult site. In addition, the service products according
to Kolawole (2010) are; Restaurant and catering services, hotel accommodation services,
souvenirs, National park service, transports and car hire services, craft ship, textile,
travel agencies services and some departmental stores services and ancillaries such as
bureau de change services, curries services, insurance and cruise. Therefore consumers
seek more and more information about the product before purchase hence the product
are fixed geographically that means consumers must travel and in effect before they can
consume the product they are buying.
The mass tourism that exists in many parts of the world today has its origins in
the years immediately following the conclusion of the 1039-45 second world war. Rising
standards of living, increased leisure time and developments in transportation resulted
in a sharp increase in demand for international travel, which has grown steadily to the
present day. Tourist destinations responded to this demand by developing a wide
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variety of tourist facilities and amenities. The origins of tourism can, however, be traced
back much further than this to the origin of man, when man was created and put in a
garden and he have to move around and watch the beauty of nature (Holy Bible: GEN.
3 vs8). During the early Egyptian when there was a limited amount of travel associated
with festivals and celebrations of a religious or spiritual nature. They early Egyptian
civilization displayed a primitive social structure that rewarded the privileged classes
with leisure time to enjoy such activities as dance, music, drama and archery. Travel in
Egyptian tended to be for the purpose of trade or associated with religious activities. In
Nigeria the birth of tourism, come to light in 1960 when Nigeria got her independent
with the flow of tourism of different kinds into the country. However, this manifested
early in 1962 when the Nigeria Tourist Association (NTA) was formed as semi-public
sector having direct participation in the formulation of government policies on tourism.
The association had its members coming from the federal government; shell oil,
Tobbaco Company, private hoteliers, airport hotels, some foreign airlines and the
national carries. In 1990; the then vice president Augustus Aikhomu reviewed the board
at Eko Holiday Inn. However, in 1992, decree 81 of December was promulgated to give
birth to the Nigeria Tourism Development Corporation (NTDC). Through this decree,
every state in Nigeria was required to form Tourism Board at the state and Tourism
committee at Local Government level. In 2004, the National Assembly re-affirmed this
through an act of the parliament and its amendments. The development of tourism in
the country helps to attract large numbers of potential domestic and international
customers. It is widely recognized that a profile tourist business demands through
planning and understanding of what the potential tourists want. Also, the various arms
of government, the public and the parastatals need a better understanding of the
essence of tourism and its potential as a revenue generator. Tourism is new to many in
this country of ours hence, the underestimation of its importance as a source of revenue.
However, locating and developing tourist resources take considerable planning and
foresight that only those who are knowledgeable are able to impart. Nigeria is blessed
with tourist attraction no doubt. Some of the notable tourist centres in Nigeria includes:
Abia state: National war museum;
Anambra state: Juju shrine arochukeu;
Mambilla waterfalls in Oju;
Borno state: Chad Basin National park
Akwa Iborn state: Azurnini blue river;
Benue state: Bassa hills, J.S. Tarkar Tourists Park, Katsina-Ala picnic resorts, and
Bauchi state: Yankari National Park, wiki warn springs;
Cross River state: Agbokin waterfalls, Obudu Cattle Ranch, Tinapa resort, Cross
River National Park.
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Delta state: Abraka river resort, Bible she, Araya
Enugu state: Eeagu tourist complex, Silicon hill;
centres
Kaduna state: Kamuka National park, Terra cotta Nok village, Zaria town walls
Edo state: Okomu Wildlife Park, Nana palace, Ososo tourist centre
Imo state: Oqwugwu (forest God), Oguta lake holiday complex, Mbari cultural
Jigawa state: Birnin Kudu Rock painting;
Kano state: Belgore forest, City walls, Gidan dan Hausa, Dyeing pits;
Tomb jebba dam;
Nasarawa state: Maiyegun beach, bar beach, Eyo festival;
Kwara state: Pategi beach, Owu waterfalls, Awon mass wedding: Mongo park
Kebbi state: Argungu fishing festival;
Niger state: Kainji lake National park, Zuma rock, Gurara waterfalls, Bida brass
works, Ladi kwali pottery centre, Kainji hydropower-electricity dam, Gani
international festival Borgu;
Ondo state: Idanre hills, Ikogosi warm and cold spring;
Oshogbo;
Plateau state: Jos Wildlife Park;
Ogun state: Oluma rock tourist centre Abeokuta;
Osun state: Birikisu sungbo shrine, Oshogbo holls, Opa oranmiyan, Osun
Oyo state: Ibadan University zoological garden, Birikisu sungo shirne;
Taraba state: Gashaka-gumpti National Park, Chappal waddi hill, etc.
Statement of the Problem
Access to information is the act of having information in whatever format that can be
useful to an individual lives. Therefore, access to tourism information is a process of
seeking and obtaining information that will lead a potential tourist to her/his
destination. Access to information is very important for human development,
education, lives improvement, physical wellbeing and mental alertness; as human
beings, we want to be informed, keep abreast of the latest event that affects, or are of
interest to us. In the same vein, academics need information on leisure, recreation and
tourism, they wants to know the latest football scores, a very legislation that affects
their lives, economic activities that affects their daily living to be a part-taker.
Furthermore, academics need information on leisure and recreation, activities of our
operators and transportation sectors, natural recreation centre or site, e.g (National
parks), hotel and accommodations, religion, historical site, sport and events and world
around them. This will enable the academics to develop interest and be full participant
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of the activities. WHO (2013) said that participation in tourism through physical
activities like sports and other recreation help to build and maintain healthy bones,
muscles and joints, intellectual balance, reduce fat, control body weight and develop
efficient functioning of the hearts and lungs.
Participation in tourism activities make one fit, gives participant more energy,
greater mental alertness, reduces stress and allows for better time management and
power to create social cohesion productivity. Health is wealth, when you have good
health you save a lot of resource. Tourism is life, when you participate in leisure,
recreation through exercise, it elongates one’s life, it reduces one’s body weight, it
enhances youthful appearance and also it burn out calories in human system and pave
way for adequate functioning of heart.
Alagba (2012) observed that from history the ancient Greeks (where education
took its roots) believed that the main idea of educating a man was to produce an
individual that would be mentally and physically balanced. According to him the
Greeks believed that regular physical exercise through recreation, are not only
necessary for the development and maintenance of optimal level of health, but is also
contributes to youthful appearance, increase in physical work capacity and decrease
early disability and sudden death. He further stressed that access to necessary tourism
information by academic staff is in order to enhance their mental relieves. The
importance of this is for body refreshment, boredom therapy, increase productivities
and long life span. Leisure, recreation and tourism are the largest industry in the world;
the business is booming and growing rapidly. Tourism through recreation has a wide
range
of positive
impacts range
from cognitive,
economic, social, culture,
environmental and physiological. People who frequently take advantage of recreation
activities have doctor less visits, low body mass indexes and lower symbolic blood
pressure (BP) than those who do not.
Kolawole (2010) stated that non participation in tourism activities like leisure
and recreation can lead to fatigue, stress and subsequently death. Despite the health
value of tourism, it is sad to note that today many academics slumps on their official
seat and died due to fatigue and stress related illness like hypertension, heart failure,
cardiac arrest and stroke.
According to Triantoro (2013) posits that stressful condition experience by
academics staff increases their distress and vulnerability to psychological and
behavioural problems such as depressions, fatigue, low productivity, absenteeism and
several health problems. In view of the above observed problems, this study
investigates type, source and means of accessing tourism information among academics
staff of Bayero University Kano, Nigeria.
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Research Questions
The study sought to provide answers to the following research questions:
1. What types of tourism information are available to the academics staff?
2. What are the means of access to tourism information among academics staff?
3. What are source of tourism information among the academics staff?
4. What are the challenges faced by the academics staff?
Objective of the Study
The objectives of the study are:
a. To identify the types of tourism information available among the
academics staff in Bayero University, Kano Nigeria
b. To find out the sources of tourism information among the academics staff
in Bayero University Kano, Nigeria
c. To examine the means of access to tourism information among academics
staff in Bayero University Kano, Nigeria
Significance of the Study
This study will be significant to the following; Academics staff, Stakeholders in tourism
industries and members of the society. One of the reasons for undertaking education
research is help find solutions to already identified problems for the society to progress.
The research findings will provide immense contribution and serve as an eye opener to
the members of academic staff on the need to participate in tourism activities. Also, the
data generated from this study will form the baseline for further study to other
researchers.
Scope and Delimitation
This study is delimited to 3 selected faculties in Bayero University Kano.
Literature Review
Before the industrial revolution in the 15th century, tourism had begun with non-formal
recreational activities such as storytelling, wrestling, swimming and indoor games
among the ancient people and grew to the level of creating leisure time, annual holiday,
transport to place of events, involvement in spas centres for natural curative and
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healing activities and movement to the coasts which led to the development of seaside
resorts. Today, these has contributed positively to the economic growth, job creation,
entrepreneurship enhancement and earning income for the society. It also enhance
conservation and diffusion of culture through the maintenance of renewal of culture
goods which disappear, being a supporter of education through the provision of
knowledge and information to tourist who wish to experience the particular national
and cultural value and history of the place they are visiting. It contributes to physical
wellbeing of an individual through recreation. Tourism can be classified into ecotourism, geo-tourism, film, cultural, business, educational, religion etc.
Eco-tourism, Ayodele (2010) stated that ecotourism is a tourism that involves travelling
to relatively undistributed (an undistributed place, is a peaceful place that has not been
affected by changes that have happened in other place) natural areas with the objective
of admiring, studying and enjoying the scenery and its wild plants and animals as well
as any cultural features found there. Ecotourism has been espoused widely as a tool for
commercial
profit,
community
development
and
environmental
conversation
(UNEP/WTO, 2012).
Geo-tourism: is a form of natural area tourism that specifically focuses on geology and
landscape. It promotes tourism to geo-sites and the conservation of geo-diversity and
an understanding of earth sciences through appreciation and learning. This is achieved
through independent visits to geological features, use of geo-trails and view point,
guided tours, goe-activities and patronage of geo-site visitor centres. (Newsome and
Dowling. 2010)
Film tourism: Chi-chu Samuel (2012) stated that a new tourism product named film
tourism was born in the late 1980s. That since the phenomena, it continue to be an
avenue for income earning. That it is a system of tourism where people move from their
own destination to another place to watch film or television programs and pay. The
visitors experience a new thing while the host community benefit directly or indirectly
from the visitors.
Religious tourism: according to Marguda (2010), religious tourism involves all
activities that motivate the faithful to undertake organized journeys to sacred sites and
locations. This sacred sites or shrines may be within their country or outside their
geographic region. Such as annual pilgrimage to Macca and Jerusalem that both
Christians and Muslims perform. He further explain that in Nigeria for example, some
people visits shrines like Osun Osogbo shrine as belief to be goddess of fertility, Sango,
the god of thunder and lighting, the Hubbare Shehu Usman Dan Fodio’s Tomb in
Sokoto among social annual rituals performed by the followers of the traditional belief.
Safari tourism: is an individual form of travel for the purpose of enjoying nature and
wildlife while moving along through wild environment. Roth and Merz (2013) reported
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that safari is any commercially organized individual group or wildlife tours in Africa,
aimed at the discovery, study and enjoyment of wildlife nature in general. Hiyew and
Jarvis cited in Yale (2010) highlighted that safari is holidays which were mainly an
African product with focus parks of Kenya, Tanzania and South Africa. But today,
Safari has more move beyond these countries to others part of Africa like Zimbia,
Zimbabwe, and Botswana even to Asia example, India and other countries with
plentiful indigenous wildlife. Safari is a holidays that take people from the area of
staying to a destination for watching of wildlife from safari vehicle, usually a land-rover
or minibus, often painted with Zebra stripes for camouflage. Heyes and Jarvis said that
safari is an exciting journey, leaving the cities and towns far behind and traveling in
African bush, full of wild animals living proud and free in their natural habitat, while
you position yourself perfectly to capture some wild with your camera.
Agritourism: Blacka (2011) stated that agriculture tourism can contributes to economy
because it allows farm operation to increase income through a variety of services
initiatives such as farm demonstrations, harvest festivals, pick-your-own crop farm
harvest, bed and breakfast, campgrounds, crop mazes, and a host of other products and
services.
Culture: culture tourism embodies such activities as organized visit to historical sites,
visiting others culture and people. Tosic and Lazarevic (2010) pointed out that cultural
tourism is viewed; from the economic point as a placement of culture on the market with
culture and artistic product, that has cultural and economic value. From organizational
point, the integrations between two sectors; culture and tourism, which merge with a
view to forming a mutual product? From cultural point, it is a promotion of revived
cultural goods and the landscape of a town that will be etched on tourists’ minds. From
educational point, as a journey full of longing to explore, get to know and learn
something new about national or a country values of the region tourists are visiting.
From a viewpoint of marketing and PR, cultural tourism is the managing of the
reputation of a place, region or a country based on the cultural goods and landscapes.
Sinha (2011) describe tourism information as that information that potential
tourist to access the destination of interest. It is any literatures or published materials
that enable a tourist to have insight information about attractions and destinations,
various practices of the local people at the destination, taxes and tripping, postal
services, shop hours and restaurants. He further stated that, sources of information on
tourism are pamphlets, leaflets, DVDs, journals, Newspapers, geographical and tourism
maps, monographs images, audio recordings, Bulletins, Brochures, flyers, travel guides,
internets, television and documentaries, Radio and other bits of information materials
on attractions of the areas to be visited, with some travel checklist including videos and
web sites. However, tourism information itself is that information on areas of tourism
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that an individual is interested on for example; Kurent (2011) said that tourism
information can be sought from internet, in the library, video, friends and colleagues,
documentaries from television (e.g) national geography wildlife, telephone call, travel
guide such as (the world heritage), national park news, bulletins, leaflets, flyers from
hospitalities (e.g. hotels), tourism maps and signboards, newspapers, brochures,
magazines, journals and directories. Scarrott (2011) reported that sources of tourism
information includes journals and periodicals, Newspapers, brochures, hotel flyers,
magazines, library bibliographies and catalogues, abstracts, indexes, thesis and
dissertation, directories and internet.
Methodology
Survey research method was adopted for the study. The population of this study
consists of 600 academic staff of Bayero University, Kano, the subject of the study were
one hundred and eight nine (189) respondents Stratified sampling techniques were used
in selecting 189 (30%) respondents from the 10 faculties. In this method the researchers
observed that the ten (10) faculties of the universities that formed the strata and 30% of
the population were selected with 18 respondents from each stratum. A questionnaires
was used in data collection for this research, close-ended questionnaire was design and
used for the study.
The instrument for this study was validated by two lecturers in the department
of geography of Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria and their suggestions were used to
improve and produced the final copies of the instrument. Pre-test and post-test of the
instrument was done with 20 academic staff in the department of computer science,
Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria to ascertain the reliability of the instrument. All the
(20) fill and completed questionnaire were retrieved and analysed using Cronbach at
alpha coefficient level of significance at 0.05 Descriptive statistics of frequency
distribution of simple percentages were used in the analysis
Research question one: What are the types of tourism information available to
academic staff?
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Table 1: The percentage analysis on type of tourism information
Responses
S/N
Types of Tourism Information
Available (2)
Not Available(3)
Total (1)
1. Information on leisure and recreation
32 (19.0)
136 (77.3)
168
2. Sports and games
97 (57.7)
71 (42.3)
168
3. Tour operation and transport
35 (20.8)
133 (75.6)
168
13 (7.7)
155 (92.3)
168
5. National park and wildlife
59 (35.1)
109 (64.9)
168
6. Hotel and catering
59 (35.1)
109 (64.9)
168
7. Arts festival
51 (30.4)
117 (69.6)
168
8. Amusement park/fun fair
31 (18.5)
137 (81.5)
168
9. Road side resorts
26 (15.5)
142 (80.6)
168
10.Cultural heritages
111 (66.1)
57 (33.9)
168
15 (8.9)
153 (91.1)
168
12.Museum/monumental centres
62 (36.9)
106 (63.1)
168
13.Beaches and waters falls
26 (15.5)
142 (84.5)
168
14.Picnics and fountains
34 (20.2)
134 (79.8)
168
4. Spas and planetarium
11.Wax work
Table 1 above shows available information on tourism for the academics. Information
on cultural heritage has the highest scores with 111(66.1%) of the respondents this is
likely due to role culture plays in the life of an African man, this findings tend to
disagree with that of the Europeans Travel commission (2011) which observes that
cultural tourism suffers a general unawareness of potential and use and enjoyment due
to lack of accessibility. Perhaps their submission is based on Europeans setting. The
need for man to understand culture and document tends to make information on it
easily available.
Research question two: What are the means of accessing tourism information by
academic staff?
Table 2: The summary of sources of tourism information among the academics staff
access to Tourism Information
Means of access
Frequency
Internet
Percentage
140
83.3
Video clips
39
23.2
Phone call
29
23.4
Travel websites
28
16.7
Leaflets
43
26.5
Brochures
43
26.5
Colleagues/friends/families
65
37.7
6
3.6
Telex
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Table 2 above shows respondent access to tourism information. The responses of the
respondents indicated that internet has the highest with 140(83.3%) as major means of
accessing tourism information; this is due to the availability of mobile network as
academics can easily browse with their mobile communication devices. This is in line
with Scarott (2011) who said that internet can allow users to visually tour and visit
tourism sites in real term. Colleagues and friends came second with 56(38.7%). In Africa
one of the easiest ways to pass information across is through personal contact and this
can be between colleagues, friends or family. Through, this is now been taken over
through the net as each individual can now access information from the web easily as
all one needs is just the knowledge. Telex has the lowest responses with 6 (3.6%) as this
is been wipe out by the electronic media. The internet and mobile network have now
hence people are moving away from the old of communication towards the modern
ways like mobile phones, internet, text and many more.
These questions were further raised from research question two aimed at
determining the importance of having access to tourism information among the
academics of Bayero University, Kano.
Table 3: Present the summary of importance of accessing tourism information
Importance of having access to tourism information
Having access to tourism information enables you to participate
A
IND
D
95(56.5) 24(14.3) 49(29.2)
in tourism activities
Access to tourism information enables you plan itinerary
Access to tourism information gives you the choice to choose
116(69.1)
11(6.5) 42(29.4)
94(54.9)
11(6.5) 63(38.6)
your destination before embarking on the trip
Key: A= Agree, IND= Indifference D= Disagree
Table 3 shows the importance of having access to tourism information. From the table,
it revealed that having access to tourism information arouse academics interest to
participate in tourism activities with responses scores of 95(56.6%) agreed, 49 (29.2)
disagree, 24(14.3) indifferent. Having access to tourism information enables the
academics to choose destination to be visited, to plan and develop interest to participate
on the activities. The implication is that when an individual have access to information
and utilizes it, he/she has become inform and better understand that will help an
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individual to develop interest on that thing. Furthermore, if academics have access and
use information on tourism, they may have interest to participate and moreover plan
against the trip.
Research question three: What are source of tourism information among the
academics staff?
Table 4: Present summary of sources of tourism information among the academics staff
Sources
Rep. Freq
(%)
Rep. Freq
(%)
107
63.7
Maps
90
51.5
Colleagues/friends and family
92
54.8
Travel agencies
89
52.9
Tourism documentaries
86
51.2
Transportation/Cruise
61
36.3
Newspapers/ magazines
85
50.6
Television
33
19.6
Tourism information sites
80
47.6
Telex
7
8.6
National geography wild
67
39.9
Train
2
1.5
Bibliographies on tourism
57
33.9
Indexes/ abstracts
52
31.0
Library catalogues
51
30.4
Phone call
46
27.4
Travel websites
43
25.6
Video clips
43
25.6
Brochures
43
25.6
Leaflets
24
14.3
Tour guides
24
14.3
Internet
Sources
Table 4 show internet 107 (63.7%) followed by colleagues/friends and family with 92
(54.8%), while train ranked the lowest with 2 (1.5%) respectively. From this result,
revealed that Internet plays major role in every man’s life. It is a source of information
for both remote accesses, this is in line with O’Connor
, Lucey
5 and ”hatia
(2011) who observed that internet today cater for travel activities of all kinds ranging
from virtual sightseeing and offering detailed information on travel sites and it allow
users to plan their own itinerary, make travel reservation online and travel dairies.
Internet has revolutionized the world and it has shaped men’s daily lives as Scoratt
(2011) rightly said, internet provides remote access to information at a finger tips.
Research question four: What are the challenges faced by the academics staff?
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Table 4: Present the summary of challenges in accessing tourism information
Challenges
Most of tourism outlets/ sectors have not viable
SA
A
IND
DA
SD
14
67
32
61
3
(8.3)
(39.9)
(13.7)
(36.3)
(1.8)
30
8
56
60
14
(17.9)
(4.8)
(33.3)
(35.7)
(8.8)
17
24
40
54
33
(9.7)
(14.3)
(23.8)
(32.1)
(19.6)
68
68
16
12
4
(40.5)
(40.5)
(9.5)
(32.1)
(2.4)
41
48
8
48
23
(24.2)
(28.7)
(4.8)
(28.4)
(13.7)
10
30
14
60
54
(5.9)
(17.9)
(8.0)
(35.7)
(32.5)
48
46
27
37
10
(28.7)
(27.0)
(16.2)
(22.2)
(5.9)
Do you agree that some of the academics lack that
47
80
21
11
9
knowledge of internet surfing on how to locate the
(28.0)
(47.6)
(12.5)
(6.5)
(5.4)
46
65
8
23
26
(27.4)
(38.9)
(4.5)
(13.7)
(15,5)
14
6
3
78
67
(8.5)
(3.6)
(1.8)
(46.5)
(39.7)
websites to locate them
Library staff discouraged access
Most of the tourism owned internet sites are not
accessible or not interfaced friendly
Poor infrastructure like power, telephone, postal
services hamper you from accessing tourism
information
Poor knowledge of the organization of library
resources
Lack of parents of library within your locality
Poor arrangement of library resources
needed information on tourism
Lack of interest on tourism information
Low knowledge on how to approach and search for
information tourism in library
Table 4 shows 67 (39.9%) of the respondents agrees that most of the tourism
outlets/sectors did not have viable website to locate them. Furthermore 80 (47.6%) of the
respondents agreed that some of the academic lack the knowledge of internet surfing on
how to locate the needed information on tourism, 68(40.5%) of the respondents agreed
to poor infrastructure as the hindrances to tourism information access, 65 (38.9%)
indicated lack of interest.
While library staff discourages access 60 (35.7) were strongly disagreed.
However, lack of parents of library within locality ranked the lowest with 10 (5.9%)
strongly disagreed, this implies that hindrances to information on tourism poor
infrastructures and lack of interest by the academic
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Lawal Yazid Ibrahim ACCESS TO TOURISM INFORMATION AMONG UNIVERSITY ACADEMIC STAFF
Summary of findings
Types of tourism information available in the University are information on
culture and festival, sport and games, leisure and recreation, museum, hotel and
catering.
documentaries, video clips, colleagues, family and Libraries.
The
means
of
accessing
tourism
information
are
internet,
television,
The sources of tourism information are internet, Library, Friends/colleagues and
family, travel agencies, transport industries, Newspaper and magazines,
brochures and exhibition.
The challenges academic staff faced in accessing tourism information lack of
awareness, tourism interest and poor infrastructure
Conclusion
From the findings of this study, it was concluded that accessibility that to tourism
information by academic staff is very necessary because, tourism has been a social
therapy to stress and boredom. Hence academics are vulnerable to fatigue and stress
due to the work overload. The benefit of tourism to human is enormous, when one
participate in tourism through recreation (physical exercises), it makes one look agile,
healthy, mental alert, always look youthful, it low body fats and weight, reduce blood
sugar level in body system (systolic blood pressure (BP) to pave way for efficient
functioning of heart and lungs and it makes one intellectually balance and cohesive to
manage it time well. From this study, it can be deduced that it is necessary for
everybody academics not left out to have access to tourism information, hence it will
help individual to develop maintain optimal level of health, increase physical work
capability and decrease early disability and sudden death.
Recommendations
From the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:
1. Information on all types of tourism should be provided and make available for
academics and public access.
2. All necessary means of accessing information on tourism should be inculcated in
the library for easy accessibility.
3. Material on tourism should be provides in Libraries with internet services to
enable academics have access to tourism information.
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Lawal Yazid Ibrahim ACCESS TO TOURISM INFORMATION AMONG UNIVERSITY ACADEMIC STAFF
4. Necessary infrastructure should be provided and make available in order to
enhance information accesses.
5. Library staff should be equipped with all desire training to meet needs of users
in term of information service provision.
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