THE STATUS OF SPEED STRENGTH OF FEMALE ATHLETES RUNNING 100M AGE 14-16 OF THE TALENTED TEAM, HO CHI MINH CITY, VIETNAM

: The purpose of the article is to identify the tests that assess the status of speed strength of female athletes running 100m distance aged 14-16 talent team Ho Chi Minh City. The article uses the methods of synthesizing documents, interviewing and statistical mathematics. The article has identified 08 tests to evaluate speed strength for the research subjects ensuring enough reliability and information, including: Running 30m high start (s), Hopping 30m right leg (s), Hopping 30m left leg (s), Pedaling back fast 30m (s), Jumping 3 steps without momentum (cm), Jumping 5 steps without momentum (cm), Half-sitting 40kg 10s (times), Half-sitting 50kg 10s (times). The results of assessing the status show that the speed strength of female athletes running 100m distance aged 14-16 talent team Ho Chi Minh City is relatively uniform.


Introduction
Success is characterized as the end result of an effort.Someone will succeed as a result of their efforts (E.Rudiansyah, Soekardi & T. Hidayat, 2017).The 100-meter sprint race has grown to be the most well-liked event in athletics.The world's quickest people are its world-champion athletes.The pace of muscular contraction, the speed of endurance, and power coordination are a few factors that improve performance in the 100-meter run (K.Sanborn, 2008).The physical training regimen has such a great impact on the body of the athlete.It enhances neurophysioloy and aids in regulating the growth of bodily tissues (M. A. Almy & S. Sukadiyanto, 2014).The capacity to quickly change body position from one location to another is what defines the sprint 100-meter skill (R. Henjilito, M. Asmawi, J. Tangkudung & A. T. Bon, 2019).Success in many sports depends on the ability to sprint, and several training techniques have been employed to enhance sprinting skills (G.P. Paradisis, A. Bissas & C. B. Cooke, 2015).The majority of speed training programs are built around free sprinting, or sprinting without any external equipment.To enhance anaerobic power and oxygen depth, it is very vital to recover from the origin for a sufficient amount of time before repetitions are performed.Jogging or walking exercises are frequently used to recover after a rest interval in repetitive sprint exercises.Team sports activity profiles need the growth of power, acceleration, speed, and the capacity to repeatedly perform high-intensity runs and sprints (R. G. Lockie, A. J. Murphy, A. B. Schultz, T. J. Knight & X. A. K. J. De Jonge, 2012).In addition to an increase in anaerobic power and only a little gain in aerobic power, the repetition sprint training program findings also show an improvement in fast muscle fibers and neo-muscular mechanics.Enhancing sprint and strength performance helps athletes perform better and increases muscle power production, which is a key factor in sports success (E.Sáez de Villarreal, B. Requena, M. Izquierdo & J. J. Gonzalez-Badillo, 2013).
Every Olympic Games still feature the crowning of the 100-meter sprint champion, who are the fastest humans in the world (T.Haugen, S. Seiler, Ø. Sandbakk, and E. Tønnessen, 2019).The movement's components are 1) limb movement, 2) arm movement, 3) posture, and 4) the harmonious coordination of every body movement component.The 100-meter sprint can be broken down into five basic phases: the reaction period at the start, the acceleration phase, the maximum speed phase, the deceleration phase, and the finish (R. Wibowo, 2017).
Short distance is the most concerned in Athletics and speed strength is one of the important factors in short distance.The study of exercises to develop speed strength is an urgent and important issue for the Athletics team of Ho Chi Minh City.Identifying the professional indicators characteristic of Athletics has been and always be an issue that many researchers have studied.However, the effectiveness and research subjects are still limited and not specific.To develop speed-strength for athletes, accurate information about their status is needed to have appropriate exercises.With the importance above, the article chooses the research direction with the name: "The status of speed strength of female athletes running 100m age 14 -16 talent team of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam".
The purpose of the article is to identify the tests that assess the status of speed strength of female athletes running 100m age 14 -16 talent team of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

Research methods
Through the research process, the article uses the following methods: The method of reference documents to synthesize documents related to the article from relevant research works to select tests to evaluate speed strength for female athletes running 100m age 14 -16 talent team of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
The interview method aims to solicit opinions from experts, professional coaches to select tests to evaluate speed strength for research subjects.The statistical method aims to process data collected through descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, max, min), and Pearson quantitative correlation analysis.

Research subjects
10 female athletes running short distance talent team of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

Identify tests to evaluate speed strength for female athletes running 100m distance aged 14-16 talent team of Ho Chi Minh City
To identify tests to evaluate speed strength for female athletes running 100m distance aged 14-16 talent team of Ho Chi Minh City, the article proceeds according to the following steps: Step 1: Synthesize tests to evaluate strength for athletes running 100m distance of authors at home and abroad.
Step 3: Test the reliability of the test and the information of the test.

Synthesize tests to evaluate strength for athletes running 100m distance of authors at home and abroad
The article synthesizes tests to evaluate speed strength in short-distance running from researches of authors domestic and abroad such as: Nguyen Ngoc Cu (1999), Duong Nghiep Chi and partners (2000), Dam Quoc Chinh ( 2000

Interview experts, coaches, professionals
Conducting a questionnaire and interviewing 25 people who are experts, coaches, professionals, analyzing the composition of interview subjects as follows: • Education level: Doctor: 2 people, accounting for 8%.
The article interviews according to 03 levels of frequent use, less use and non-use of tests with the results in Table 2.1.According to the results from Table 2.1, the article selects tests that achieve 80% agreement at the level of frequent use to evaluate speed strength for female athletes running 100m distance aged 14-16 talent team of Ho Chi Minh City.According to this convention, the article selects 8 tests, specifically as follows: Running 30m high start (s); Running back pedal 30m (s); Hopping 30m left leg (s); Hopping 30m right leg (s); Jumping 3 steps without momentum (m); Jumping 5 steps without momentum (m); Halfsitting 40 kg 10s (times); Half-sitting 50 kg 10s (times).

Test the reliability and information of tests to evaluate speed strength for athletes running 100m distance aged 14-16 talent team of Ho Chi Minh City a. Test the reliability of tests
To determine the reliability of the tests above, the article conducts testing through the method of repeated tests separated by 7 days in female athletes running 100m distance aged 14-16 talent team of Ho Chi Minh City.The reliability assessment of physical strength is presented in Table 2.2.

b. Test the validity of the tests
To test the validity of the tests assessing the performance of running 100m distance of 100m athletes aged 14-16 of the talented team of Ho Chi Minh City (n = 10), the article conducts calculating the correlation coefficient between the performance of the tests and the performance of running 100m, using the PEARSON correlation formula and obtaining the results in Table 2.3.From the results in Table 2.3, comparing r table with degrees of freedom n >10, the article obtained the following results: All tests above have a correlation coefficient between two (r) tests greater than 0.6 so there is enough evidence to evaluate strength speed for female athletes running 100m distance aged 14-16 talent team Ho Chi Minh City.

Evaluation of speed strength for female athletes running 100m distance aged 14-16 talent team Ho Chi Minh City
Through the test results of tests to evaluate speed strength for female athletes running 100m distance aged 14-16 talent team Ho Chi Minh City at the initial time, the article has calculated and obtained results in Table 2.4 as follows: According to Table 2.4, it shows that: Running 30m high start (s) result: The average value of sprinters reached  = 3.92 ± 0.10 s, with the coefficient of variation Cv% = 2.68 < 10% showing that the sample set of sprinters has high uniformity.
Hopping 30m right foot (s) result: The average value of sprinters reached  = 7.35 ± 0.30 s, with the coefficient of variation Cv% = 4.08 < 10% showing that the sample set of sprinters has high uniformity.
The status of speed strength of female athletes running 100m distance aged 14-16 talent team athletics Ho Chi Minh City is relatively even (Cv <10%).
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Table 2 . 1 :
Interview results to select speed strength tests for female athletes running 100m distance aged 14-16 talent team of Ho Chi Minh City

Table 2 . 2 :
Reliability coefficient of speed strength tests for female athletes running 100m distance aged 14-16 talent team of Ho Chi Minh City (n = 10)

Table 2 .3:
Correlation coefficient between tests assessing the performance of running 100m distance of female athletes aged 14-16 of a talented team of Ho Chi Minh City (n = 10)

Table 2 . 4 :
Status of speed strength for female athletes running 100m distance aged 14-16 talent team Ho Chi Minh City (n =10)