European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science ISSN: 2501 - 1235 ISSN-L: 2501 - 1235 Available on-line at: www.oapub.org/edu doi: 10.5281/zenodo.1034787 Volume 3 │Issue 11 │2017 THE EFFECT OF AEROBIC EXERCISE AND WEIGHT-LIFTING PLUS AEROBIC EXERCISE ON BLOOD PRESSURE AND BLOOD PARAMETERS IN SEDENTARY FEMALES Osman İmamoğlu, Pelin Akyol, Arif Satici*i Ondokuz Mayıs University, Yaşar Doğu Sport Science Faculty, Turkey Abstract: The purpose of this study was determined the effects of 12 weeks aerobic exercise and weight-lifting plus aerobic exercise on blood pressure, blood serum lipids and lipoproteins of sedentary females. Thirty seven sedentary females (Aerobic group mean age: 44.66 years, Weight-Lifting + Aerobic group mean age: 40.80 years) participated in this study. Before initiate the exercise their blood samples, peripheral measurements and thickness of skinfolds were taken. The subjects participated in aerobics group (n = 21) and weight-lifting plus aerobics group (n = 16) 3 times in a week through one hour. The intensity of exercise was increased gradually and their heart rates were raised up to 130-140 rates per-minute and of the tension. Two way ANOVA was used in this study. There were no significant difference between two different type of exercise groups p> . fırst group aerobic ; HDL-C (High Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol) 18.12%, second group (weight-lifting plus aerobic) %28.23, there were a significant increase among them (p<0.01). Total cholesterol decrease 13.97% in group of aerobic exercise and it decreases 7.13% in group of weight-lifting plus aerobic. Triglyceride decreases 31.74% in group of aerobic exercise; it decreases 19.53% in group of weight-lifting plus aerobic exercise. Level of LDL-C was decreased 28.11% in group of aerobic exercise, 21.46% in group of weight-lifting plus aerobic. When we consider exercise types, the only flats of type is on triglyceride and APO B, (p<0.05), there were effects of exercise duration is on HDL-C, LDL-C AND Total cholesterol (p<0.01). There were effects of type and duration of exercise on TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, APO A1, and APO B (P<0.01). In this study, Copyright © The Author(s). All Rights Reserved. © 2015 – 2017 Open Access Publishing Group 194 Osman İmamoğlu, Pelin Akyol, Arif Satici THE EFFECT OF AEROBIC EXERCISE AND WEIGHT-LIFTING PLUS AEROBIC EXERCISE ON BLOOD PRESSURE AND BLOOD PARAMETERS IN SEDENTARY FEMALES regular aerobic and weight-lifting plus aerobic exercises have been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in sedentary women and a significant improvement in systolic and diastolic blood pressures as well as reduction of cholesterol, triglyceride, and of LDL-C. Level of HDL-C was increased in both of exercise groups. Keywords: aerobic exercise, weight-lifting, blood pressure, blood parameters, sedentary females 1. Introduction The lipid and lipoprotein abnormalities play a major role in the development and progression of coronary artery disease and participate in many physiological and biochemical events in human body. Benefits include improved serum lipid profiles, blood pressure and inflammatory markers as well as reduced risk of stroke, acute coronary syndrome and overall cardiovascular mortality (Skoumas et al., 2003; Cinar, 2010; Shiraev and Barclay, 2012; Baydil, 2013). Human is dynamic existence and should move to survive. If the movement is performed with some rules and discipline, in order to purpose, ensure our physical and physiological health Baydil, ; Yılmaz, . Recently, number of women who exercise for fitness, except from professional’s athletes, are lower than number of women who don’t perform any sport activity 5zdal and Bostancı, . Sport activity can improve the total and regional fat mass of women (Özdal et al., 2016). Because of modern life physically motionless effects every aged of people. The problems such as; hypertension, obesity, muscle atrophy, postural disorder and inadequate cardiovascular system caused by lack of exercise and sedentary life style or harmful habits such as smoking. Because of differences in percentage body fat according to sex difference and inadequate possibility or could not find the leisure time for their own life health female population affected seriously from lack of exercise than male counter parts. These results encourage many researchers to make investigation to find out effects of exercise to females physical and philological health. Finding about Coronary Heart disease (CHD) in active people is really; and in older ages the rate of the mortality is less than sedentary people (Fripp et al, 1985; Hesgel et al., 1988; Saçaklı, 1992; Mayda, 2016; Pancar, 2017; Özdal et al., 2017). The importance of regular physical activity is emphasized in order to maintain a healthy life and to have both preventive and healing effects for many diseases and injuries (Hillsdon et al., 2005; Brown et al., ; Yılmaz, ; Vural, ; Biçer et al., 2015). European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science - Volume 3 │ Issue 11 │ 2017 195 Osman İmamoğlu, Pelin Akyol, Arif Satici THE EFFECT OF AEROBIC EXERCISE AND WEIGHT-LIFTING PLUS AEROBIC EXERCISE ON BLOOD PRESSURE AND BLOOD PARAMETERS IN SEDENTARY FEMALES When literature was reviewed about effects of exercise on plasma lipids, lipoproteins, blood pressure and heart rates, results were indicated that moderate and low ıntensıty exercıse, ıf ıts performed adequate tıme perıod at least -8 weeks) cause decrease in body weight and body fat ratıo, additionally decrease serum TC level (Dufaux et al., 1982). In the most studies, it has been noticed that regular exercise affects levels of lipid and lipoprotein positively and it is salutary for the heart. It has been identified that regular exercise reduces total blood cholesterol, serum triglycerides and LDL-C and increases high-density lipoprotein cholesterol HDL-C (Champe at al, 1997; Imamoğlu, . It is known that cardiovascular risk factors are greatly improved through the cardiovascular changes that occur with regular and long-term exercise (Çicek et al., 2017). Cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women is the leading cause of mortality in the United States, and less than optimal lipid and lipoprotein levels are major risk factors for CVD (George at al, 2004). There is consolidated evidence that physical activity exerts beneficial effects on several chronic conditions and longevity, on the basis of its proposed biological effects, especially on lipid profiles (Lippi et al., 2006). Aerobic exercise is efficacious for increasing High density lipoprotein (HDL-C) and decreasing Total Cholesterol (TC), Low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), and Triglyceride (TG) in women (George at al, 2004). High-intensity aerobic training results in improvement in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Tambalis et al., 2008). At the end of aerobic exercise, hearts rates decrease and (O2) need of heart muscle and heart activity become economical. These events show increase of HDL-C, decrease of LDL-C and increase protective effects to arteriosclerosis Imamoğlu et al., 1998). Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide (Cutler, 2006). Low blood levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are an independent risk factor for CVD (Franceschini, 2001; Boden, 2000). Cross-sectional data provide strong evidence that people who are more physically active have higher HDLC levels (Drygas et al., 2000). Thus, the value of regular aerobic exercise in increasing serum HDL-C level and in reducing the risk of CVD has received widespread acceptance (Rippe et al., 1988). In contrast, results of aerobic exercise studies vary considerably, depending on the exercise program (duration, intensity, or frequency) and characteristics of subjects at baseline (Crouse et al, 1997). 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