Academia.eduAcademia.edu
European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science ISSN: 2501 - 1235 ISSN-L: 2501 - 1235 Available on-line at: www.oapub.org/edu doi: 10.5281/zenodo.1034791 Volume 3 │Issue 11 │2017 A MONITORING STUDY ON CHANGES IN PHYSICAL PARAMETERS TO YOUNG PLAYERS THROUGHOUT 5 MONTHS OF TRAINING IN FOOTBALL TEAMS IN SHKODRA, ALBANIA Nurja Fatjon1i, Spahiu Mehmet2 1The University of Shkodra "Luigj Gurakuqi", Albania 2Sports University of Tirana, Albania Abstract: The best performance of soccer practitioners is certainly a consequence of regular football training, which also seems to bring acceleration to physical growth (Navarro F, 2000). The aim of this study was to give evidence on changes in physical parameters to young players throughout 5 months of training in football teams in Shkodra. Selection of the sample measurements were made in 2 teams of the city of Shkodra. In these measurements participated 78 boys players in the first and second phase of the measurements for a period of 5 months. The participant undertook anthropometrics parameters evaluation and performed three speed test (10m and 30m sprint test, speed and agility 10x5m). The necessary measurements for testing were: for the maximum capacity of the Vo2max oxygen (Andersen test) and strength tests. The difference between the first and second test (T2- T1) results of 10 m, presents the following values: mean of improvement 0.26 s (standard deviation 0.26 s and average error 0.04 s (p = 0.00)). Meanwhile, the difference between the results of the first and second tests of 30m velocity (improvement) is the following: average 0.18 s (standard deviation 0.37 s and average error 0.06 s (p = 0.00)). The difference between the results of the first and the second aerobic capacity tests is the following: average 26.6 m (standard deviation 126.28 m and average error of 51.55 m (p = 0.63)). The difference between the results of the first and second tests of the lower leg limbs presents the following values: mean -0.06 times (standard deviation 0.20 times and standard error of 0.03 times average (p = 0.05)). The results of the study showed the impact of training load at different stages of the training cycle for linear running speed, changes in speed, strength, and aerobic capacity to new Copyright © The Author(s). All Rights Reserved. © 2015 – 2017 Open Access Publishing Group 207 Nurja Fatjon, Spahiu Mehmet A MONITORING STUDY ON CHANGES IN PHYSICAL PARAMETERS TO YOUNG PLAYERS THROUGHOUT 5 MONTHS OF TRAINING IN FOOTBALL TEAMS IN SHKODRA, ALBANIA football players in Shkodra. These results can serve as a basis for comparisons with colleagues in similar research studies. We have noticed that the speed performance and the ability to quickly change the direction of the players have improved throughout the observation period. For aerobic capacity, we did not notice a major improvement during the pre-season training period, while at the end of the season, sustainability increased slightly. We conclude that the training process in the youth plays an important role in the development of young players and positively influences the development of individual athletic performance components. Keywords: physical parameters, young players, football teams, Albania 1. Introduction It is a fact that early exercise brings development over the years (Reyes & Malina 2004). It is widely considered that biological maturity influences physical performance. Children may be advantageous / disadvantaged by being more or less mature than a "colleague" of the same chronological age (Jones et al., 1995; Beunen & Malina 2008; Janssens et al., 1999; Malina 2004; Navarro 2000). There is evidence of a growth momentum in childhood (the effect of exercise) in stature and possibly in many other dimensions but this, not all children (Malina & Bouchard, 1991). As reported in another study (Jones et al., 1995), the controversies that exist during the exercise seem not to affect the growth and development of these young athletes. Moreover, their continued success in sports seems to be related to inheritance features. Carrying out the right time training by a child can maximize his / her potential in sports when he is a adult sportsman. The intensity and timing of adolescent growth are individual and diverse, but the sense of momentum is useful for understanding early maturation and moderate maturity in girls and boys (Malina 2004; Malina & Bouchard, 1991; Sobral 1994), and these tend to be more prevalent in elite groups. The performance of a variety of strength, speed, and strength improves more or less proportionally to body mass gains, as well as improving balance and coordination between the ages of 5 and 8. In the adolescent transition phase (8 to 12 years old), performance in motor skills (many of them non-aerobic), strength and aerobic exercise are generally improved with age (Malina & Bouchard 1991). Regular football practice has a positive effect on the performance of motor skills, speed and skill of boys aged 10-11. The best performance of soccer practitioners is certainly a consequence of regular football training, which also seems to bring acceleration to physical growth (Navarro F, 2000). An important implication for youth football is that individual growth rates need to be considered. European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science - Volume 3 │ Issue 11 │ 2017 208 Nurja Fatjon, Spahiu Mehmet A MONITORING STUDY ON CHANGES IN PHYSICAL PARAMETERS TO YOUNG PLAYERS THROUGHOUT 5 MONTHS OF TRAINING IN FOOTBALL TEAMS IN SHKODRA, ALBANIA However, some authors indicate that they respond to resistance training with increased strength, probably due to changes in the coordination of the nervous system (Malina 2003; Malina et al., 2005). In this line of thought, another study (Mass & Nicolai 2006) finds that youth sports programs should focus on controlling and regulating speeding mechanisms during childhood rather than on metabolic and muscular mechanisms, which should be highlighted After puberty, despite the predominance of muscular strengthening responsive to the game's posture (Toteva 1999). Some studies (Barata 2000; Marques & Oliveira J, 2004; Rowland & Boyajian A, 1995) point to the speed that reveals the highest levels of speed development based on coordination activities 6-9 years of age. Another study concluded that growth in body size during the growth and maturation phase is strongly linked to increased psychological performance (Weineck J, 2004). Sports exercise during growth depends on morphological characteristics and maturation stage (Figueiredo et al., 2009). It was later discussed that upper secondary childhood limits may be difficult to separate learning outcomes from those related to growth and maturation. A general attention should be focused on the exercise of overall sustainability with a particular focus on fundamentals and flexibility in general (Bompa TO, 2000). However, the aim of this study was to give evidence on changes in physical parameters to young players throughout 6 months of training in football teams in Shkodra. For viewing / downloading the full article, please access the following link: https://oapub.org/edu/index.php/ejep/article/view/1133 European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science - Volume 3 │ Issue 11 │ 2017 209