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Job satisfaction is defined as the result of individuals’ attitudes towards their jobs, which is affected by such factors as job related wage, supervision, working conditions, improvements opportunities, acknowledgement of skills, job evaluation, human relations in the organization and environment. It is the most important problem of human resources in every area, from public sector to private sector, industry to sports, teachers to officers, athletes to referees. Job satisfaction has social, economic and psychological consequences on individuals. The purpose of the present research is studying the job satisfaction levels of volleyball referees as one of the human resources sports sector. The universe of the research consists of referees working for Turkish Volleyball Federation, while the sample consists of 134 volleyball referees selected via simple sampling method among the universe. Job Satisfaction of the participants was evaluated with "Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ)" short form. At the first step, Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) scores of participants were calculated. With these scores, referees’ satisfaction levels from external and internal environment factors were determined. At the second step, variation in these scores by gender was analysed. Non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test was utilized at 0.05 significance level, to analyse the variation in average scores from job satisfaction factors. The findings of the present research are as follows: General job satisfaction of volleyball referees ranges between 3.73 and neutral satisfaction level, increasing towards satisfaction level. This is a positive development for Volleyball Federation. For the institutions to survive and compete, they need to use the resources they have efficiently and increase their general performance accordingly. Average satisfaction score of referees from internal environmental conditions is 3.9200 and the average satisfaction from external environmental conditions is 3.3582. This finding indicates that referees are more satisfied with the refereeing job than they are with the opportunities provided by the federation.
2012 •
The aim of this research is to determine the levels of at job satisfaction of coaches working at different branches of field services of the general directorate of sport and the factors affecting their job satisfaction in terms ofdifferent variances. Due to the fact that sport training is about human so it requires more attention and sensibility,the importance of the way c oaches work with job satisfaction is increasing. The statistical data of this research are obtained by using SPSS statistic programme. Th e data are put by avarage and standart deviation. Before statistical process, for normal distribution control test of K olmogorov-Smirnov and Shapira-Wilk are applied. In this researc a job satisfaction questionnaire with 36 question is conducted whic is tested before for its validity and solidity 177 coaches working at the general directorate of sport. Due to the fact that data has shown a normal distrubution for dual grups T-Test is used, for data sets which have more than two subgrups one way ANOVA and post-hoc TUKEY are used. The statistical result are assessed between 95% solidity range and p<0.05 significacy level. As a result, significant differences at p<.05 level are on firmed between fee facter according to gradation voiace,rights, expec t for salary factoraccording to branch variance in promotion, right expect for salary,awarding, the natüre of the job general job satisfaction factors according to gender of the grup.
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences
Turkish Adaptation of Soccer Referee Decision Satisfaction Scale (SRDSS)2014 •
The present research aims to investigate the effect of self-efficiency on job satisfaction of sport referees. The research method was descriptive. The research population consisted of 380 official football referees. The sample consisted of 191 randomly selected referees, size of which was determined by Morgan table. Sherer's general self-efficacy scale was used for data collection. The professional self-efficacy was also evaluated based on this questionnaire. Also, to measure the job satisfaction, Weiss et al.'s job satisfaction scale was used. The validity of questionnaires was approved by 12 expert Teachers and their reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficients of 0.88 and 0.84, respectively. The results showed that the general self-efficacy of sport referees has a significant effect on intrinsic and extrinsic factors of job satisfaction, while this effect was not significant for general factors of job satisfaction. The perceived self-efficacy of referees showed no significant effect on none of intrinsic, extrinsic or general factors of job satisfaction.
International Journal of Applied Exercise Physiology
The Investigation of Basic Psychological Needs of Referees Actively Working in Different Branches2020 •
In this study, it is aimed to examine the basic psychological needs of referees who are active in different branches in terms of various variables. For the model of the research, the survey model, one of the quantitative research types, was chosen. The universe of the research is composed of referees working in different branches in Mugla Province and 167 referees whose sample was selected by a randomized sampling method and voluntarily participated in the research. The 8-question "Personal Information Form" organized by the researchers was used to determine the demographic characteristics of the participants, and the "Basic Psychological Needs Scale" was used to determine the basic psychological needs. The data obtained from the form and scale used were analyzed using the SPSS 17 package program. Frequency, percentage, average, and standard deviation values were used in the analysis of the data. Data normal distributions were analyzed with Skewness-Kurtosis values. Since the data showed normal distribution, t-test, and ANOVA tests, which are parametric, were used, and the significance level was accepted as p <0.05. According to the findings of the study, referees' basic psychological needs did not display a significant difference with the variables of age, education level, refereeing time, and refereeing classification. It was found that the needs of the participants in the relatedness sub-dimension were higher than their needs in the other sub-dimensions. As a result, it can be said that the basic psychological needs of the referees participated in the research are high.
The aim of this study was determine the job satisfaction levels of male and female employees who work for private and public organizations in sport sector. A total of 91 employees, 40 females and 51 males, working in the city of Samsun participated in the study. Data was collected through questionnaire forms, one of the qualitative research methods. " Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire " was used to find out employees' job satisfaction levels and numbers and percentages were used for descriptive statistics, while arithmetic mean ± standard deviation was used for other statistics. In the analysis of the data normally distributed, independent t-test was used to compare two subgroups, and the significance was determined to be 0.05. It was found that gender doesn't change the job satisfaction and the level of job satisfaction is higher in employees working in public sector when compared with employees in the private sector, in married individuals when compared with singles and in administrative staff when compared with sports staff. As a conclusion, It can be said that marital status, duty status in the workplace and sector variables affect job satisfaction.
The purpose of this study is to determine the job satisfaction levels of employees of sports federation and general directorate of sport, and to analyze according to some variables. " Minnesota Job Satisfaction Questionnaire " was used to determine the job satisfaction levels of employees. Since the data didn't fulfill the parametric assumptions, nonparametric Kruskall-Wallis and Man-Whitney U tests were used on the analysis according to job satisfaction levels. According to results of analysis, 98.8% of employees' job satisfaction levels are medium and high. It was revealed that there is a statistically significant difference between employees' general job satisfaction, internal and external sub-dimension points according to age groups, marital status, situation of selecting their jobs willingly and educational level. As a result; it was seen in terms of general job satisfaction and internal satisfaction that internal satisfaction levels of employees who are 40 or more in comparison with employees who are between 22-40 age groups, internal satisfaction levels of employees whose marital status are married in comparison with employees whose marital status are single, general satisfaction and internal satisfaction levels of employees who selected their job willingly and general, internal and external satisfaction levels of employees whose education levels are associate degree in comparison with employees whose education levels are bachelor's degree and postgraduate are higher.
Journal of Sport Management
Development of the Referee Retention ScaleBuilding on the current sport officiating research, this study puts forth the Referee Retention Scale. Through a three-phase process, the researchers developed a valid and reliable scale to predict sport officials’ job satisfaction and intention to continue. The first phase consisted of instrument development, whereas the second phase included field testing of referees (n = 253). After exploratory factor analysis and Rasch analysis, the resultant refined scale from Phases 1 and 2 was then administered to 979 referees in Phase 3. Phase 3 results using confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the seven-factor, 28-item Referee Retention Scale was a valid and reliable tool for measuring and predicting referee retention. The results highlight the importance of considering a variety of factors associated with the referee experience, which include administrator consideration, intrinsic motives, mentoring, remuneration, sense of community, lack of stress, and continuing education. A disc...
Being a referee in a sports competition requires not only certain physical abilities, and knowledge of the rules of the game, but also a psychological efficiency, an ability to put on a successful performance during the game. This study was conducted with 272 football city referees working under the rubric of the Turkish Football Federation, who were selected by means of random sampling in order to evaluate the factors that influence their burn-out levels according to some demographical variables. According to the results of the study, marital status, referee age and crowd jeers, age, educational status, the importance of income, being happy to be a referee and the importance level of the match were found to be determiners of burn-out levels of referees, and some statistically significant differences were acquired. In this sense, the sharing of knowledge by experienced colleagues with novice referees and the provision of necessary support may be beneficial in terms of determining po...
Ed. V. Popov. Algebra rodstva. Issue 14.
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