This research and development aims to: (1) Produce a product of motor ability exercise models for cerebral palsy football players with circuit method; and (2) Testing the effectiveness of the motor ability exercise models for cerebral palsy football players with circuit method. The design of this study refers to the R&D model (Research & Development) of Borg and Gall. Broadly speaking, the development steps for the purposes of this research are carried out in 4 stages, namely: (1) first stage is preliminary research; (2) the second stage is the model development plan; (3) the third stage is the validation, evaluation and revision of the model; and (4) fourth stage is model implementation. The effectiveness of model was figured out by using motor ability test with t-test formula at significance level α = 0,05. The results of this research and development is a motor ability exercise model of cerebral palsy football players with circuit method in the form of motion exercises such as: (...

This research aims to determine the increasing speed and agility of CP Football Indonesia team players using the Umar Motor Ability Circuit-Cerebral Palsy Football (UMAC-CPF) exercise model. The research method used was pre-experimental with research design, one group pretest, and posttest design. The sample of this research was 14 all-athletes of the cerebral palsy Indonesia team. The research data were obtained using a 20-meter sprint test instrument to measure speed and an arrowhead test to measure agility. The data's technical analysis was a t-test (hypothesis test) with a level of significance of 5%. The influence test results using the t-test of the difference in player speed test results between pretest and posttest obtained amount t-Count 4.921 more significant than the amount t-Table 1.761 (at the level of significance 0.05), then the nil hypothesis is rejected. While the test results influence the player's agility test results between pretest and posttest obtained amount t-Count 9.169 more significant than the amount t-Table 1.761 (at the level of significance 0.05), then the nil hypothesis is rejected. Both tests mean there is an increase in the speed and agility of CP Football Indonesia players. The study concluded a significant increase in the speed and agility of the player's football team of Cerebral Palsy Indonesia using the UMAC-CPF exercise model. The research's impact makes CP Football Indonesia team players have excellent speed and agility to improve motor skills in supporting the game.

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a brain disorder experienced by a person, which results in experiencing many disturbances in motor activities. Impaired motor coordination in people with CP is immediately apparent when observed. The coordination ability of players is needed in activities during playing football. Adequate instruments are necessary to measure the special coordination abilities of cerebral palsy (CP) football players. This study aimed to produce an instrument test model to measure the special coordination abilities of people with cerebral palsy. The research method was research and development using quantitative and qualitative approaches. The respondents were people with cerebral palsy who met the CP football classification requirements according to the International Federation of Cerebral Palsy Football (IFCPF) regulations. Data analysis used the SPSS statistical software. The study resulted in a valid and reliable test instrument for eye, hand, and foot coordination for cerebral palsy football players. The norms for the Eye-Hand and Foot Coordination Ability test of the Cerebral Palsy football players were in the Excellent category (Point 5) if the score was ≥ 29, Good (Point 4) for the score of 19-28, Moderate (Point 3) for the score of 10-18, Deficient (Point 2) for the score of 5-9, and Immoderate (Point 1) if the score was ≤ 4. The eye, hand, and foot coordination test instrument was mainly for the CP football players, which can also be used by athletes, coaches, and educators. This instrument was named Umar Motor Ability Circuit-Cerebral Palsy Football (UMAC-CPF) Coordination Test Model.

Introduction: Cerebral palsy (CP) refers to a group of non-progressive neurological disorders that appear in infancy or early childhood. Since CP in children causes structural and functional changes in the neuromusculoskeletal system they are mostly presented with motor disorders, sensory disturbances which leads to impairment in functional mobility, several physical rehabilitation techniques benefited the children with CP in improving their physical health and mental wellbeing. The aim of the study is to analyse the effectiveness of group circuit training and task oriented training on functional mobility in children with cerebral palsy. Materials and Methods: This study design is a comparative study design and was done in physiotherapy OP department in KGH hospital, RK mission cerebral palsy clinic in Visakhapatnam. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria a study sample of 30 subjects was selected. The subjects were allocated into two groups through random sampling method, gr...

A regular physical activity has benefits on motor performance among student with cerebral palsy. In this study were investigating the assessment of motor performance on eye-hand coordination and lower-body coordination between cerebral palsy. A total of 21 male and female students (n = 21) were involved from Penang Spastic Center. The anthropometrics were measured height and weight and two motor performance test were conducted namely target Throwing with Ball in Basket and AAHPERD ball-changing Zigzag Run Test. All the data were analyzed using SPSS and presented as mean of (± SEM). The mean age of all subjects were 18.00 ± 3.61 years old ranging from 12 – 24 years old. The majority of the subjects were Chinese 53%, followed by Malays 33.3% and 14% Indian. The mean value height and weight of all subjects were 150.1± 32.4 m and 59.9 ± 15.51 kg. The mean value for Target Throwing with Ball in Basket 0.90 ± 0.436 and AAHPERD Ball-changing Zigzag Run Test 0:01:22.19 ± 0:00:24.836 minutes. The test shows they are not much difference in upper and lower body coordination. However, on this studies are found people with cerebral palsy were low level on motor performance. Thus, more study on the designing and implementation of physical on motor performance program for people with cerebral palsy should be conducted in order to increase their physical performance level.

bjective: To find the effects of strength training by using universal exercise unit in children with cerebral palsy. Methodology: We selected five children with cerebral palsy from center of mentally and physically affected special school on volunteer basis with informed consent from parents. Children were already getting therapy in special school along with speech therapy, academics, self help, music and art, social group and adaptive sports and physical activity. Intervention was strength training by using elastic cord in universal exercise unit in different postures along with functional activities. Interventions were continued for six months, five days in a week and one hour per session. Outcomes were measured before and after the strength training with the help of gross motor functional measure (GMFM-88) and trunk impairment scale (TIS). Results: Baseline score on GMFM and TIS was 37.50 and 11.62 and after six month was 41.98 and 14.04, respectively. Conclusion: Strength training by using universal exercise can improve the motor function and trunk stability in children with cerebral palsy.

This study aimed to describe and determine relationships between repeated sprint and change of direction (COD) abilities in football players with cerebral palsy according to four sport classes (FT5 to FT8). Seventeen male football players with cerebral palsy took part in this study (23.0±4.7 years, 65.9±9.5 kg, 168.8±5.9 cm). The repeated sprint ability (6×40-m sprints with a 20-second recovery) was evaluated to determine the best sprint time, mean sprint time, and percentage of sprint decrement. The difference in lactate concentration was determined using blood samples taken three minutes before and after testing. The Illinois Agility Test (IAT) was also used to assess players’ change of direction ability. The FT8 players had better performance (p<.01) in the best sprint time, mean sprint time and in the IAT scores compared to the players of the sport classes FT5/6. Players of the sport class FT7 also reached higher performance in the IAT compared to the players of the sport cla...

This study aimed to determine the rated perceived exertion (RPE) and match load (RPE-ML) to compare pre-post-match vertical jump (VJ) capacity according to cerebral palsy (CP) players’ sport classes (i.e., FT1–FT3) and playing positions and to explore whether the neuromuscular performance variation is associated with the internal load of para-footballers with CP. Fifty-six male para-footballers performed two VJ tests before and immediately after a competitive CP football match, followed by measurements of the players’ RPE and RPE-ML. There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in the pairwise comparisons for RPE and RPE-ML according to sport classes and playing position. A significant reduction in the VJ performance was found for each player sport class and playing position in squat jump (SJ) (p < 0.01; 0.24 < dg < 0.58) and countermovement jump (CMJ) (p < 0.05; 0.22 < dg < 0.45). Regarding the pairwise comparisons, players with the minimal impairment crite...