In this study, the aim was to investigate the effect of acute exercise on blood lipids in females. Research group consists of females; 33,6 aged. From the beginning of the exercise to the end of acute swimming exercise, the participants gave blood samples in order to analysis the Cholesterol, LDL, HDL Cholesterol and Triglyceride levels. According to results, there was significant difference between pre and post tests in research group on Cholesterol, LDL, HDL Cholesterol and Triglyceride levels (p<0,05). Consequently, acute swimming exercises lead to significant alteration the level of Cholesterol, LDL, HDL Cholesterol and Triglyceride levels in females and ıt could say that acute exercises are useful application in terms of health.

The purpose of this study was determined the effects of 12 weeks aerobic exercise and weight-lifting plus aerobic exercise on blood pressure, blood serum lipids and lipoproteins of sedentary females. Thirty seven sedentary females (Aerobic group mean age: 44.66 years, Weight-Lifting + Aerobic group mean age: 40.80 years) participated in this study. Before initiate the exercise their blood samples, peripheral measurements and thickness of skinfolds were taken. The subjects participated in aerobics group (n = 21) and weight-lifting plus aerobics group (n = 16) 3 times in a week through one hour. The intensity of exercise was increased gradually and their heart rates were raised up to 130-140 rates per-minute and of the tension. Two way ANOVA was used in this study. There were no significant difference between two different type of exercise groups (p>0.05) fırst group (aerobic); HDL-C (High Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol) 18.12%, second group (weight-lifting plus aerobic) %28.23, there were a significant increase among them (p<0.01). Total cholesterol decrease 13.97% in group of aerobic exercise and it decreases 7.13% in group of weight-lifting plus aerobic. Triglyceride decreases 31.74% in group of aerobic exercise; it decreases 19.53% in group of weight-lifting plus aerobic exercise. Level of LDL-C was decreased 28.11% in group of aerobic exercise, 21.46% in group of weight-lifting plus aerobic. When we consider exercise types, the only flats of type is on triglyceride and APO B, (p<0.05), there were effects of exercise duration is on HDL-C, LDL-C AND Total cholesterol (p<0.01). There were effects of type and duration of exercise on TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, APO A1, and APO B (P<0.01). In this study, regular aerobic and weight-lifting plus aerobic exercises have been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in sedentary women and a significant improvement in systolic and diastolic blood pressures as well as reduction of cholesterol, triglyceride, and of LDL-C. Level of HDL-C was increased in both of exercise groups.

Purpose: Osteoarthritis is a frequent complication in the middle-aged or older people. Besides pain and swelling, this disease causes deformity and difficulty in walking. The current study compared the effects of 12 weeks bariatric and aerobic exercises on the metabolic syndrome in women with knee osteoarthritis. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 24 women with knee osteoarthritis were selected by convenience sampling method. They were randomly divided into two groups of the bariatric (n=12) and aerobic (n=12) exercises. The training included aerobic and bariatric exercises at 60%- 65% rate of the heart rate reserve. The program included a 12-week training, performed three times per week and each session lasted for 30 to 60 minutes. Intra- and inter-group comparisons were performed by dependent t-test and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA), respectively. The level of significance was set at P<0.05. Results: In both the aerobic and bariatric groups, 12 weeks of exercise program resulted in a significant reduction in weight, body mass index, serum glucose, insulin level, and insulin resistance index. Only in the aerobic exercise group, the concentrations of high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, and total cholesterol significantly increased and decreased, respectively. The levels of triglyceride significantly decreased in both groups. Only in the aerobic exercise group, the maximum amount of oxygen consumption was significantly increased. Conclusion: In women with knee osteoarthritis, 12 weeks of aerobic and bariatric exercises positively affect the levels of insulin resistance markers, lipid profiles, and max-oxygen consumption. Therefore, these two exercise programs can be used to maintain health of these people.

Menopause is a biological aging associated phenomenon coupled with a reduction in physical fitness, and sometimes combined with emotional disturbance. Maintenance of as high level of physical fitness as possible, which has clear links to BMI and lipid profiles, is one of the methods of lessening these detrimental phenomena. Walking, its variant Nordic-walking (NW), as well as jogging, and cycling are among the most popular physical activities reducing aging- and/or menopause-associated physical fitness deterioration. The same advice as is given to the entire population to consume a moderate diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, and low-fat dairy products is likely to reduce some of the negative effects linked to menopause. Increased consumption of soy appears to be justified as one way to alleviate some but by no means all of these. Currently, Body Mass Index (BMI), serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), blood pressure, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) are often used as factors describing or linked to menopausal transition. Changes in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) during the menopausal transition are most probably solely due to age increase. Much of the commonly seen changes in BMI, and serum concentrations of TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, and TG are likely due to both the menopausal transition and biological age increase. However, culturally mediated changes in diet and exercise patterns at this stage in life may play a role in either worsening or protecting against these changes. At present, we are not able to establish clear-cut dependencies between the influence of exercise and/or diet on these specific parameters defining the menopausal transition.