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European Journal of Education Studies ISSN: 2501 - 1111 ISSN-L: 2501 - 1111 Available on-line at: www.oapub.org/edu Volume 3 │ Issue 12 │ 2017 doi: 10.5281/zenodo.1100360 EVALUATION OF TPCK USAGE LEVELS IN MATERIALS DEVELOPED WITH STOP MOTION ANIMATION TECHNIQUE Muhammed Doğukan Balçin1i Ayşegül Ergün2 1 Science teacher, Çanakyayla Village Secondary School, Ministry of National Education, Turkey 2 Assist. Prof. Dr., Manisa Celal Bayar University, Faculty of Education, Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Turkey Abstract: During the course of their profession, teacher candidates are required to develop course materials in line with their course content. Development of course materials by teachers using their pedagogical content knowledge and technology is highly important in terms of providing an effective learning environment. The aim of the present study was to determine the extent to which science teacher candidates can use their Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPCK) while developing their course materials with the incorporation of stop motion animations. During the study, the survey method was used as a quantitative research method. The research population consisted of 62 teacher candidates from the Department of Science Teaching at the Manisa Celal Bayar University during the 2015-2016 academic year. The SPSS 18.0 software package was used for data analysis. Suggestions were made based on the results of the study. Keywords: course material development, science teacher candidates, self-efficacy, stop motion animation, technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPCK) 1. Introduction Students in secondary schools experience the concrete operational stage, which is peculiar to this age group as it is one of the cognitive development periods. Children’s thought systems are based on perceptible reality as a characteristic of this period. Therefore, their highly developed mental skills, which become useful with real objects, Copyright © The Author(s). All Rights Reserved. © 2015 – 2017 Open Access Publishing Group 75 Muhammed Doğukan Balçin, Ayşeg(l Erg(n EVALUATION OF TPCK USAGE LEVELS IN MATERIALS DEVELOPED WITH STOP MOTION ANIMATION TECHNIQUE do not suffice in the cases that require conceptual thinking (Eripek, 2003). Science courses involve numerous abstract concepts including atoms, molecules, heat, temperature and cells, to name a few. Science teachers cannot provide the students with meaningful learning when they fail to concretize these concepts in their minds. Students need to make sense of scientific concepts on the basis of their real and perceptible experiences. In this case, teaching aids, used during education, play an important role. Especially during science education, the availability of various tools, equipment and materials in the classroom environment can be considered as a prerequisite for effective learning. For this purpose, the use of teaching aids is encouraged especially in science courses. The science education program, based on the inquiry-based learning approach of questioning, stipulates the use of easily accessible, cost-effective and userfriendly tools, equipment, materials and teaching aids which do not pose any safety risk during teaching activities (Ministry of National Education (MoNE), 2013). During the process of teaching-learning, teaching aids are generally used to support teaching. Well-designed teaching aids enrich the teaching process and facilitate learning. The benefits of teaching aids can be listed as follows:   They are useful in providing the students with their personal needs;  They provide learning multimedia;  Facilitate remembering;  Save time;  Provide consistency among different contents presented at different times;  Draw attention;  Concretize abstract concepts;  Enable safe observation;  Are reusable; Simplify the content and make them easily comprehensible Yalın, 8. According to Hackbarth (1996), teaching aids and materials enrich the learning environments, hold the students’ attention and motivate them to learn and enable associating previously acquired information to newly learned ones. They also enable students to make connections between the course and real life, allow them to access information and analyze it and help to perceive the information and the outside world, in addition to supporting personal education. The use of teaching aids and materials in education plays an important role in helping the students to reach the goals set for them and in the accomplishment of the conducted education program by providing an effective environment for education. The use of teaching aids prepared in line with instructional technology principles holds great importance (Yanpar-Şahin & Yıldırım, 1999). Material use is also vital during education for the success of science education European Journal of Education Studies - Volume 3 │ Issue 12 │ 2017 76 Muhammed Doğukan Balçin, Ayşeg(l Erg(n EVALUATION OF TPCK USAGE LEVELS IN MATERIALS DEVELOPED WITH STOP MOTION ANIMATION TECHNIQUE programs Karamustafaoğlu, 5 . Science education programs adopt the issue of raising concern about individual differences as a principle. Teaching aids and materials, chosen in consideration of students’ individual differences and used in accordance with the characteristics of the subject, will arouse the interest of the students and increase their level of engagement through a more efficient use of time (Öztürk, 2002), resulting in effective learning being accomplished. Teachers need to design effective and interactive learning environments to provide the individuals with skills such as scientific literacy, critical thinking, problem-solving and hypothetical thinking. Acquisition of such skills is possible through the use of modern technological means for an enriched education, in addition to the use of textbooks. In theory, there is an assumption that the use of materials supports learning; however, in some cases students fail the course despite the use of teaching aids during education. This is generally ascribed to the selection of wrong materials and applications or attributed to the personal experiences of teachers. It is not an easy task for several teachers and teacher candidates with limited experience, to attain the ability to choose appropriate materials and effectively use them during their courses (YetkinÖzdemir, 2002). Teachers become effective in preparing, developing and utilizing educational materials to the extent that they improve themselves in such areas Gömleksiz, Kan & Serhatlıoğlu, . In the age of technology, materials are present as virtual objects rather than being tangible. The integration of technology with the process of searching-questioning adopted by science education, is accomplished by taking into account the technological means possessed by schools, teachers and students (MoNE, 2013). The most common multimedia applications used with this integration involve blogs, wikis, social networks, web presentations, online file sharing systems, drawing, animations and video-making tools. Stop motion animation is one of these animation tools. For viewing / downloading the full article, please access the following link: https://oapub.org/edu/index.php/ejes/article/view/1264 European Journal of Education Studies - Volume 3 │ Issue 12 │ 2017 77