A simple sentence consists of a single independent clause. A multiple sentence contains one or more clauses as its immediate constituents. Multiple sentences are either compound or complex. In a compound sentence the immediate constituents are two or more coordinate clause. In a complex sentence one or more of its elements, such as direct object or adverbial, are realized by a subordinate. Simple sentence may be divided into four major syntactic classes, whose use correlates with different communicative functions; we have in Albanian and English same structure of forms e.g. a. The sentence that has the subject and is always present and usually precedes the verb and it is positive sentence: The teacher will speak to the dean today. Mësuesi do të flet me dekanin sot. b. The question sentence forms have three or more models of making and noun is the kernel e.g. Will teacher speak to the dean today? Keywords: simple, compound, complex and compound complex, sentence, Albanian, English

A phrase is a word or a group of words that may stand as a single grammatical unit. It can be part of a clause or a sentence with or without any specific meaning. Phrases are mandatory constituents of simple, complex and compound sentences. The syntax of Albanian language has an early beginning, but its development is still an ongoing process. The main issues faced by the syntax of Albanian language have been the terminology, definition and classification of grammar and syntactic units. In the syntax of Albanian language there is a constant process of codification, i.e., definition of units and syntactic categories. Our interest here is the definition of the terms <em>word-group, syntagm, phrase </em>and<em> syntactic constituent</em>. On the other hand, the term <em>phrase</em> is well defined in English language. Clear and timely classification of different types of phrases has facilitated syntactic analysis of clauses and sentences. Phrases and...

Customarily, linguistic description on the syntactic level is formulated in terms of constituent analysis. We now can ask what form of grammar is presupposed by description of this sort. We find that the new form of grammatical is essentially more powerful than the finite state model rejected above, and that the associated concept

clauses remains a debatable issue with incomplete solution in the Albanian syntax. The lack of a proper criterion for classification, structuring of clauses makes predicative clauses not treated properly, a few attentions is paid to them moreover they are explained superficially. This type of subordinate clause leaves room for treatments and discussions. They are among the most specific types of dependent clauses in Albanian. In the treatment of the subject, it is intended to explain the syntactic structures of these clauses, to describe as fully as possible the syntactic functions. It will address some conceptions and perspectives on Albanian syntaxes starting from the earliest to the present day. It has been selected the following grammars: the grammar of J. Rrota, M. Domi, S. Prifti, Th. Dhimës, M. Toton, M. Çeliku and the grammar of the Academy 2 (2002) etc. Received: 6 October 2020 / Accepted: 21 December 2020 / Published: 17 January 2021

English and Indonesian sentences realize their predicates by using different kinds of syntactic categories and therefore pose difficulties to Young Learners of English. This is a contrastive study done by observation as well as analytical analysis of simple sentences in both languages. The result of this research shows that both English and Indonesian sentences employ verbs as their predicates. However, in addition to verbs, Indonesian sentences also use other kinds of syntactic categories such as nouns, adjectives, etc. to be the predicates of sentences. These main differences of English and Indonesian systems have to be underlined in teaching and learning process of English to Young Learners in order to avoid grammatical mistakes.

In this study, we will highlight the contrastive aspect of defining the parts of speech between Albanian and English. In this contrastive analysis of the definition of parts of speech between Albanian and English, differences in grammatical terms have been noted, such as the division of parts of speech in Albanian language into variable and invariable parts of speech, in contrast to English, which divides them into closed and open classes. Moreover, throughout this grammatical and semantic research of defining the parts of speech, it is noted that the English language distinguishes eight parts of speech but does not include the numerals and particles, whereas the Albanian language includes them. It is interesting that in the English language, the definitions of the parts of speech, besides the part that are more comprehensive, they also have a more meaningful and logical use of terminology, compared to terminology used to define parts of speech in the Albanian language, which is muc...

Comparison of the Syntactical Role of Non-FInite Verbs in Albanian and English language.