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The aim of this paper is to description the nominal of predicate between two languages (Albanian – English). The purpose of the following discussing is to show that some noun phrases, namely predicate nominal’s, do not seem to exhibit. What is considering the typical behavior of noun phrase? First, they do not seem to be assigned case. Second, they may not assign are roles in normal sense so that they are probably as Theta-marker arguments, unlike referential Noun Phrases. In Albanian language the nominal predicate can express with auxiliary verb (to be, have) and noun, too. “The predicate has the function of giving information about the subject ...”
Customarily, linguistic description on the syntactic level is formulated in terms of constituent analysis. We now can ask what form of grammar is presupposed by description of this sort. We find that the new form of grammatical is essentially more powerful than the finite state model rejected above, and that the associated concept
In Albanian and English we have same kind of sentences (simple, compound or complex sentence). The major of elements or constituents that can be found in clauses are subject, predicate, object, complement etc. For Albanian and English most linguists agree on the needs to recognize at least the following word classes: noun, verb, adjective, preposition, adverb, determinative and conjunction. Each of these words classes is illustrated in the sentence below. The noun or noun phrase can be subject, object, and predicate (…) in the meaning of the structure of syntax. “The kernel sentence, then, has two main parts –a subject and a predicate. The subject consists of noun phrase; the predicate consists of the verb phrase”. We may begin our inquiry into the study of syntax between Albanian and English. There are four main types of sentences: simple, compound, complex and compound complex. By the simple sentence we can see the structure between Albanian and English, too e.g. Maca e mbyeti miun. S (NP) P (VP) O (NP) The cat killed the mouse. S (NP) P (VP) O (NP) Key words: sentence, simple, compound, complex and compound complex.
A simple sentence consists of a single independent clause. A multiple sentence contains one or more clauses as its immediate constituents. Multiple sentences are either compound or complex. In a compound sentence the immediate constituents are two or more coordinate clause. In a complex sentence one or more of its elements, such as direct object or adverbial, are realized by a subordinate. Simple sentence may be divided into four major syntactic classes, whose use correlates with different communicative functions; we have in Albanian and English same structure of forms e.g. a. The sentence that has the subject and is always present and usually precedes the verb and it is positive sentence: The teacher will speak to the dean today. Mësuesi do të flet me dekanin sot. b. The question sentence forms have three or more models of making and noun is the kernel e.g. Will teacher speak to the dean today? Keywords: simple, compound, complex and compound complex, sentence, Albanian, English
The aim of this paper is to research for the role and the operation of Albanian language in Balkans. The Albanian language is spoken by seven million people in the southwestern of Balkans. Albanian is a language of the extensive Indo-European family and is thus related to a certain degree to almost all other languages of Europe. Albanian is officially spoken in the Republic of Albania and Kosova. Traditional Albanian settlements can be encountered sporadically elsewhere in Arbansi of Zadar (in Croation); in some cities of Serbia; Macedonia; Montenegro and in the Bulgarian-Greek-Turkish border region. A few Albanian speakers are also to be found in the Ukraine (village in the regions Melitopol' and Odessa) and notably in villages in Bulgarian (in Mandrica). As a geographical and cultural entity, and as a nation, Albania has often been enigmatic. The first document in Albanian language is: Paulus Angelus, 1462 " I baptize thee in the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit".
This studies or the aim of the research is to deals the generative " morphems, words or " simple or compound 1 " sentence. The full congrast of Albanian and English language in this phenomena of generative is in morphology and in syntactic structure. This accepts of studies will comparted, contrasted and generated between two languages. This studies deals with noun (noun phrase), verb (verb phrase) of syntactic structure between Albanian and English language. In both of languages, most linguists (or scholars) are agree because has the contrast between Alb. – Eng. The following classes words: noun, verb, adjective, preposition, adverb, determinative and conjunction can generate. Each of these words classes is illustrated in the sentence below. The function of noun (or noun phrase) in the sentence can have the meaning of subject 2 , direct object 3 , indirect object 4 and " predicate " (…). The function of verb or verb phase in the sentence can have the predicate (...).
In Albanian and English language we have three kinds of gender: masculine, feminine and neuter. In Albanian language the concept for gender, is: “Gjinia është një nga kategoritë gramatikore më karakteristikë për emrat në gjuhën shqipe. Nga natyra e saj, ajo dallohet nga kategoritë e tjera të emrit, nga numri, rasa dhe nga kategoritë e shquarsisë dhe të pashquarsisë, sepse i kundërvihet mashkullore-femërore dhe asnjanëse...” . This Albanian citation is possible to be the similary and within English language e.g: “a grouping of nouns and pronouns into classes’ masculine, feminine and neuter” or “gender differs from the grammatical categories, case, and definiteness, in being a lexical as well as inflection category of the noun. The gender to which a give word belongs is a property of that particular word independent of context” . The contrast of gender between two languages are e.g: the cases (five in Albanian with different endings and two in English), definite and indefinite nouns (the masculine nouns for Albanian language has some engings: -i, -it, -in, -it, -u, -un, -ut, for feminine -e,-a, -ja, -je, -s, -së, -në, or for neuter nouns with –i, -it and for indefinite nouns is: /një/. The definite nouns of English language has the article /the/ and for indefinite /a, an/ than in Albanina some endinigs. The definite nouns e.g: (masculine noun ) mali – the mountain, libër-i – the book, kompjuter -i – the computer; mësues -i – the teacher; motër – sister, motra – the sister (...). Keywords: contrast, gender, masculine, feminine and neuter, noun, adjective, pronoun, case, definite, indefinite, singular, plural
In Albanian and English language we have three kinds of gender: masculine, feminine and neuter. In Albanian language the concept for gender, is: " Gjinia është një nga kategoritë gramatikore më karakteristikë për emrat në gjuhën shqipe. Nga natyra e saj, ajo dallohet nga kategoritë e tjera të emrit, nga numri, rasa dhe nga kategoritë e shquarsisë dhe të pashquarsisë, sepse i kundërvihet mashkullore-femërore dhe asnjanëse... " 2. This Albanian citation is possible to be the similary and within English language e.g: " a grouping of nouns and pronouns into classes' masculine, feminine and neuter " 3 or " gender differs from the grammatical categories, case, and definiteness, in being a lexical as well as inflection category of the noun. The gender to which a give word belongs is a property of that particular word independent of context " 4. The contrast of gender between two languages are e.g: the cases (five in Albanian with different endings and two in English), definite and indefinite nouns (the masculine nouns for Albanian language has some engings:-i,-it,-in,-it,-u,-un,-ut, for feminine-e,-a,-ja,-je,-s,-së,-në, or for neuter nouns with –i,-it and for indefinite nouns is: /një/. The definite nouns of English language has the article /the/ and for indefinite /a, an/ than in Albanina some endinigs. The definite nouns e.g: (masculine noun) mali – the mountain, libër-i – the book, kompjuter-i – the computer; mësues-i – the teacher; motër – sister, motra – the sister137: The meaning of the word contrast in this dictionary is: contrast /kontrast/ n 1 nu the act of contrasting people, things: Contrast may make something appear more beautiful than it is when seen alone. 2 nc, nu (something showing) a difference clearly seen when unlike things are put together: the contrast between the two brothers is remarkable. In contrast (to you), I shall agree to the proposal. Harry's marks were poor but Tom's were excellent by contrast. Contrast /kontrast/ v 1 vt to compare (two or more people, things, ideas etc) so that differences are made clear: She contrasted the features of a comedy with those of a tragedy. 2. Vi to show a difference when compared: His poor abilities contrast badly with his brother's talent.
In Albanian and English we have three kinds of gender: masculine, feminine and neuter. In Albanian language we have this concept for gender: " Gjinia është një nga kategoritë gramatikore më karakteristikë për emrat në gjuhën shqipe. Nga natyra e saj, ajo dallohet nga kategoritë e tjera të emrit, nga numri, rasa dhe nga kategoritë e shquarsisë dhe të pashquarsisë, sepse i kundërvihet mashkullore-femërore dhe asnjanëse... " ii , it's same and with English: " a grouping of nouns and pronouns into classes' masculine, feminine and neuter " iii. The gender can show and function in both of numbers singular and plural. The nouns of masculine, feminine can ends with consonants or vowels. The gender (definite) of English are augmented with articles. It can show before the noun, pronoun that can substituted with pronoun /ai, ajo – he, she / or ky, kjo, ai, ajo – it (father, man, son, boy, Tom, brother, Mr. John, /he/). The noun and pronoun can have the gender but the adjective or verb cannot have.
The derived (origin) of words is more productive in the system of word-formation. It is the same in languages and in this case and studies between Albanian and English language. With the word or the derived (origin) understand the formation of the new words or the words that exits in the language. The derived (origin) of the word can make by prefix , suffix , prefix-suffix and with out infixes. The origin of the word and compound are another way that can crated the new words. This type of word-formation is possible to be the same in both of languages. In English language e.g. ―... new nouns can be formed by derivation and compounding. Derived nouns are formed torhugh the addition of derivation affixes (prefixes and suffixes), as in disbleief (dis + belief)...‖ In both of languages we have three models of word-formations e.g. Simple words and derived; Compound; By changing the function or the meaning (conversion).
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