According to World Bank, the Pressure of examinations and ranking of schoolsaccording to performance are blamed for lack of depth in learningand the teaching process worldwide. Focusing on examination results ignores manyotherimportantoutcomesof schoolinglikephysicalwellbeing, life skills, integrity,confidence and deportment. Despite attempts to do away with ranking, it has defied the test of time. the purpose of this study was to establish teachers " perceptions of the effect of ranking public secondary schools based on national examinations in Trans Nzoia West Sub County. Specifically, the study undertook to establish teachers " perception of the effect of ranking on teachers " self-esteem, teaching practices, career progression, and students " performance in examinations. The study was anchored on expectancy theory by Vroom. The study used descriptive survey design. The target population comprised of 91secondary school principals and 910 teachers from 91 public secondary schools in Trans Nzoia Sub County. A sample of 27 principals and 108 teachers were selected for the study. Data was collected using a semi structured teachers " /principals questionnaire and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Pilot testing and expert judgment wereused to ascertain content validity of the research instrument. Using the split half technique, the questionnaire was found reliable (α = 0.79). Both teachers and principals affirmed that teachers from low rank schools appear to have less self-confidence when interacting with other teachers due to low self-esteem. It was also found that teachers in low ranked schools tend to develop apathy on improvement in their subjects. Majority of teachers affirmed that teachers from low ranked schools are disadvantaged during promotion interviews due to students " low mean marks. However, principals disagreed with the teachers " notion. Both teachers and principals affirmed that ranking enhances team spirit as students " uplift each other to improve the overall school grade. A two tailed t-test at 95% confidence level showed that there was a statistical significant difference between teachers and principals perception on the effect of ranking on career progression (t (114) = 3.913, p < 0.05). The study recommends and supports remarks from some respondents that school ranking should also consider other crucial factors such as completion rate, extra curriculum activities, and students " entry behaviour.

This study sought to investigate the effect of ranking upper secondary schools and students in national examina

This study sought to investigate the effect of ranking upper secondary schools and students in national examinations on students’ promotion rates and on the schools’ performance trends. A descriptive survey design was used and secondary schools in Kakamega south district formed the study population. The study sample consisted of 75 secondary schools stratifi ed according to performance into low, average and top ranked categories. The sample size consisted of 36 schools (12 from each performance category) selected by simple random sampling. Reliability was established by use of test retest technique. Data on promotion rates revealed that, the low ranked schools had promotion rates of 0.990 for form I-II, 0.997 for form II-III and 0.958 for form III-IV. The average ranked schools had promotion rates of 0.984 for form I-II, 0.981 for form II-III and 0.959 while the top ranked schools had promotion rates of 1.00 for form I-II, 0.967 for form II-III and 0.882 for form III-IV. On performa...

Data about functioning capability of schools and students’ achievement is collected through program monitoring and implementation unit (PMIU). It shows satisfactory trends about the performance of schools and students’ achievement scores in PEC exam. But, its correctness is questionable in many aspects because of having no auditing system or third-party validation. This paper investigates the influence of district ranking system on students’ achievement score in PEC exam by using cheating in PEC exam as a mediator. The data were collected from 300 students who recently passed PEC exam from 10 schools by using a questionnaire developed by the researchers. 10 focus group interviews were also conducted from teachers of these schools. Hence mixed method approach was used in this study. Data was analyzed in SPSS and PROCESS. The results of the study reveal that district ranking system has significant positive influence on students’ achievement score in PEC exam. District ranking system a...

1.0 Abstract This research subject " Analysis of Schools performances to of Ordinary Level National Examination courses " was conduct to analyze schools performances of Ngoma District in function of scientific courses that are: Mathematics, Physics, Biology and Chemistry. The relationships between courses done in National Examination will be the factor that can influence the schools performances. The statistical analysis of schools performances gives the ideas on schools teaching and learning quality. The sample of 22 schools represents the total number of schools that were in Ordinary level national Examination for the last 6 years. In order to achieve the purpose, different approaches were used such as: descriptive studies, deductive approach, quantitative methods and longitudinal studies. This refers to the positivism of the subject. The findings were presented in terms of description, tables and figures. The relationships between studied variables were presented as linear regression models that are moderated with a statistical hypothesis test. These prove that there is significance level between Chemistry performances as the most failed and the performances of other scientific courses; and there is a significance level between schools performances and all scientific courses done in Ordinary level National Examination for the last 6 years in Ngoma District. The residual studies shows that the errors are normally distributed that show the fitness of studied data comparing with regression model. This study contributes to the quality of teaching and learning process in secondary schools. It gives the ideas on how schools may increase the performances by taking account to the scientific courses that are the main factors of decreasing the schools performances. Other similar studies are recommended for arts and humanities courses done in Ordinary Level National Examination, and to examine the influence of Ordinary Level performances to Advanced Level performances.

The study sought to determine the relationship between school based factors and students' performance in public secondary schools in KCSE in Masaba North District. The objectives of the study were: To examine the relationship between teacher qualification and students' performance in K.C.S.E.; To establish the relationship between school facilities and student performance in K.C.S.E; To determine the relationship between head teachers' supervisory roles on school performance in KCSE. The target population for the study was 24 Principals and 24 teachers from 24 public secondary schools in Masaba North District in Nyamira County. Simple random sampling technique was used to sample 24 teachers while census was used to gather information from the 24 Principals. Three schools from Masaba South District were used for the pilot study to test validity and relaibility. Data was collected using semi-structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics was

Atmospheric pressure plasma has found wide clinical applications including wound healing, tissue regeneration, sterilization, and cancer treatment. Here, we have investigated its effect on developmental processes like metamorphosis and tail regeneration in tadpoles. Plasma exposure hastens the process of tail regeneration but delays metamorphic development. The observed differences in these two developmental processes following plasma exposure are indicative of physiological costs associated with developmental plasticity for their survival. Ultrastructural changes in epidermis and mitochondria in response to the stress of tail amputation and plasma exposure show characteristics of cellular hypoxia and oxidative stress. Mitochondria show morphological changes such as swelling with wide and fewer cristae and seem to undergo processes such as fission and fusion. Complex interactions between calcium, peroxisomes, mitochondria and their pore transition pathways are responsible for change...

Design thinking has been offered as a solution for various challenges entrepreneurship, educational, learning and team teaching to name few areas. In this chapter we concentrate on the educational, learning and stakeholder involvement—especially teachers and students—when using design thinking in module design. We shall present the previous studies on design thinking in module and curricular design. We describe step by step our experience on applying the design thinking methods, tools and mindset into designing an engineering project-based module anew. In the end, we ponder about the outcomes of the experience, which have been constructive but challenging.