THE 3S OF LIFESTYLE CHOICES: HOW SCREENS, SLEEP, AND SWEAT INFLUENCE MENTAL HEALTH OF THE FORMAL WORKFORCE IN MALAYSIA’S CAPITAL CITY

Kumaran Kanapathipillai, Halimatusaadiyah Binti Mohd Yusof, Muhaimin Bin Satun, Syahira Binti Saadon

Abstract


The purpose of this research is to analyse the impact of three lifestyle factors, which are screen time, sleep quality, and physical activity, on the mental health of formal employees in Malaysia. The data for this study comes from 336 employees in Kuala Lumpur. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. The response rate was 87.5%. The results show that there is a significant positive relationship between these factors and mental health. In particular, sleep quality is the most important factor in relation to an employee’s mental health, followed by physical activities and screen time. The study reveals the importance to mental well-being of having balanced screen time, getting enough sleep and taking regular physical exercise. Additionally, this research adds to a collection of useful materials that benefit public administration authorities, entrepreneurs, scholars and businesses in designing strategies and policies to enhance the mental welfare of employees amidst the changing work environment in Kuala Lumpur. In addition, the study finds that workplace wellness programs must incorporate these elements into their design if they are going to address mental health problems. The results provide a strong basis for interventions that promote healthier lifestyles which will, in turn benefit formal employee’s mental health and work-life balance.

 

Article visualizations:

Hit counter


Keywords


mental health, screen time, sleep quality, physical activities, formal employees

Full Text:

PDF

References


Abu‐Omar, K., Rütten, A., & Lehtinen, V. (2004). Mental health and physical activity in the European Union. Sozial-Und Preventivmedizin / Social and Preventive Medicine / Medecine Sociale Et Preventive, 49(5). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-004-3109-8

Anderl, C., Hofer, M., & Chen, F. (2023). Directly measured smartphone screen time predicts well-being and feelings of social connectedness. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 41(5), 1073-1090. https://doi.org/10.1177/02654075231158300

Aschbrenner, K., Naslund, J., Tomlinson, E., Kinney, A., Pratt, S., & Brunette, M. (2019). Adolescents' use of digital technologies and preferences for mobile health coaching in public mental health settings. Frontiers in Public Health, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2019.00178

Austin-Zimmerman, I., Levey, D., Giannakopoulou, O., Deak, J., Galimberti, M., Zhou, H., Denaxas, S., Irizar, H., Kuchenbaecker, K., McQuillin, A., Program, t., Concato, J., Buysse, D., Gaziano, J., Gottlieb, D., Polimanti, R., Stein, M., Bramon, E., & Gelernter, J. (2022). Genome-wide association study investigating short and long sleep duration: a cross-population meta-analysis. Retrieved from https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.09.09.22279703v1 https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.09.09.22279703.

Bai, Y., Chen, S., Laurson, K., Kim, Y., Saint‐Maurice, P., & Welk, G. (2016). The associations of youth physical activity and screen time with fatness and fitness: the 2012 NHANES National Youth Fitness Survey. Plos One, 11(1), e0148038. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0148038

Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: W. H. Freeman. Bandura, A. (1998). Health promotion from the perspective of social cognitive theory. Psychology and Health, 13(4), 623-649.

Barros, M. B. D. A., Lima, M. G., Ceolim, M. F., Zancanella, E., & Cardoso, T. A. M. D. O. (2019). Quality of sleep, health and well-being in a population-based study. Revista de saude publica, 53. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6763282/

Bergman, E., Löyttyniemi, E., Myllyntausta, S., Rautava, P., & Korhonen, P. (2020). Factors associated with quality of life and work ability among finnish municipal employees: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open, 10(9), e035544. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035544

Biddle, S., Fox, K., & Boutcher, S. (2021). Physical Activity and Psychological Well-Being. Psychology of Physical Activity. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203468326.

Bozan, Ö., Atiş, Ş., Çekmen, B., Şentürk, M., & Kalkan, A. (2021). Healthcare workers' sleep quality after covid‐19 infection: A cross‐sectional study. International Journal of Clinical Practice, 75(11). https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcp.14772

Breslau, N., Roth, T., Rosenthal, L., & Andreski, P. (2019). Sleep disturbance and psychiatric disorders: A longitudinal epidemiological study of young adults. Biological Psychiatry, 39(6), 411-418. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-3223(95)00188-3

Carson, V., Rosu, A., & Janssen, I. (2014). A cross-sectional study of the environment, physical activity, and screen time among young children and their parents. BMC Public Health, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-61

Chase, G. E., Brown, M., & Jensen, M. R. (2022). Emerging adults’ digital technology engagement and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1023514

Cheah, Y. K., Zainuddin, N. H., Kee, C. C., Lim, K. H., Omar, M. A., & Cheong, Y. L. (2022). Lifestyles and sexual behaviour among school-going adolescents: a mediational role of mental health. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 28(4), 1341-1357. https://doi.org/10.1177/13591045221142497

Choi, S., Ko, K., Park, J., Lee, K., Lee, S., & Jeong, I. (2020). Combined effect of emotional labor and job insecurity on sleep disturbance among customer service workers. Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 32(1). https://doi.org/10.35371/aoem.2020.32.e33

Chong, S., Mohamad, M., & Er, A. (2013). The mental health development in Malaysia: History, current issue and future development. Asian Social Science, 9(6). https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v9n6p1

Christensen, M., Bettencourt, L., Kaye, L., Moturu, S., Nguyen, K., Olgin, J., … & Marcus, G. (2016). Direct measurements of smartphone screen-time: relationships with demographics and sleep. Plos One, 11(11), e0165331. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0165331

Connolly, M., Bowden, S., Pascoe, M., & Dam, N. (2023). Development and psychometric validation of the mental health-related barriers and benefits to exercise (mex) scale in healthy adults. Sports Medicine - Open, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-023-00555-x

Corporate Wellness Magazine. (n.d.). The future of mental health in the workplace: emerging trends and challenges. Corporate Wellness Magazine. Retrieved from https://www.corporatewellnessmagazine.com/article/the-future-of-mental-health-in-the-workplace-emerging-trends-and-challenges.

Craig, W., Boniel-Nissim, M., King, N., Walsh, S. D., Boer, M., Donnelly, P., & Pickett, W. (2020). Social media use and cyber-bullying: a cross-national analysis of young people in 42 countries. Journal of Adolescent Health, 66(6), S100-S108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.03.006

Diestel, S., Rivkin, W., & Schmidt, K. (2015). Sleep quality and self-control capacity as protective resources in the daily emotional labor process: Results from two diary studies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 100(3), 809-827. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038373

DOSM (2024). Department of Statistics Malaysia. https://www.dosm.gov.my

Dunne, A. (2023). Tackling rising anxiety, burnout and depression in the workplace. European Commission. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/research-and-innovation/en/horizon-magazine/tackling-rising-anxiety-burnout-and-depression-workplace.

Eirich, R., McArthur, B. A., Anhorn, C., McGuinness, C., Christakis, D. A., & Madigan, S. (2022). Association of screen time with internalizing and externalizing behavior problems in children 12 years or younger: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2022.0155

Engel, G. L. (1977). The need for a new medical model: A challenge for biomedicine. Science, 196(4286), 129-136.

Fincham, J. E. (2008). Response rates and responsiveness for surveys, standards, and the journal. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 72(2):43. https://doi.org/10.5688%2Faj720243

Fitzpatrick, C., Almeida, M., Harvey, E., Garon‐Carrier, G., Berrigan, F., & Asbridge, M. (2022). An examination of bedtime media and excessive screen time by Canadian preschoolers during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Pediatrics, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-022-03280-8

Gruber, R., Cassoff, J., Frenette, S., Wiebe, S., & Carrier, J. (2020). Impact of sleep extension and restriction on children's emotional lability and impulsivity. Sleep Medicine, 69, 132-142. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2012-0564

Hacking H. R. (2023). Why Mental Health in the Workplace is Both a People and Business Priority. Retrieved from https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/why-mental-health-workplace-both-people-business-priority.

Han, K. T., & Kim, S. J. (2020). Instability in daily life and depression: The impact of sleep variance between weekday and weekend in South Korean workers. Health & Amp; Social Care in the Community, 28(3), 874-882. https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.12918

Hassmén, P., Koivula, N., & Uutela, A. (2000). Physical exercise and psychological well-being: a population study in Finland. Preventive Medicine, 30(1), 17-25. https://doi.org/10.1006/pmed.1999.0597

Health Assured. (2019). The difference between stress and perceived stress. Health Assured. Retrieved from https://www.healthassured.org/blog/perceived-stress.

Healy, L., Benkwitz, A., McVinnie, Z., Sarkar, M., Islin, M., Brinded, A., … & Nevill, M. (2023). Embedding physical activity into community-based peer support groups for those severely affected by mental illness. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(3), 2291. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032291

Hiremath, C. (2019). Impact of sports on mental health. International Journal of Physiology, Nutrition and Physical Education, 1. 14-18. Retrieved from https://www.journalofsports.com/pdf/2019/vol4issue1S/PartA/SP-4-1-4-781.pdf

Huang, X., Wang, X., Hu, J., Xue, Y., Wei, Y., Wan, Y., & Zhang, S. (2021). Inadequate mental health literacy and insufficient physical activity potentially increase the risks of anxiety and depressive symptoms in Chinese college students. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.753695

Hwang, W., Yang, H., & Kim, J. (2020). What are the experiences of emotional labor and workplace violence that are more harmful to health in Korean workforce? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(21), 8019. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218019

Ineçli, Ö. F., & Ziyagil, M. A. (2017). The relation of physical activity to physical and mental health level in adolescents. International Journal of Sport, Exercise &Amp; Training Sciences, 3(4), 199-205. https://doi.org/10.18826/useeabd.355110

Iswahyudi, M. (2023). Effect of work-life balance, telecommuting, job satisfaction, sleep duration, and stress management on the physical and mental health of overseas workers in Jakarta. West Science Interdisciplinary Studies, 1(02), 41-49. https://doi.org/10.58812/wsis.v1i02.46

Janssen, M., Heerkens, Y., Kuijer, W., Heijden, B. V., & Engels, J. (2018). Effects of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on employees’ mental health: A systematic review. Plos One. Retrieved from https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/

Juan, N. V. S., Oram, S., Pinfold, V., Temple, R., Foye, U., Simpson, A., & Edbrooke‐Childs, J. (2022). Priorities for future research about screen use and adolescent mental health: a participatory prioritization study. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.697346

Kanapathipillai, K. (2020). The impact of the silent enemy (COVID-19 pandemic) on the marketing efforts undertaken by the automotive industries in Malaysia. European Journal of Management and Marketing Studies, 5(4). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejmms.v5i4.886

Kandola, A., & Stubbs, B. (2020). Exercise and anxiety. Physical Exercise for Human Health, 345-352. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1792-1_23

Khan, A., Khan, S. R., & Lee, E.-Y. (2022). Association between lifestyle behaviours and mental health of adolescents: Evidence from the Canadian HBSC surveys, 2002–2014. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(11), 6899. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116899

Kracht, C., Redman, L., Bellando, J., Krukowski, R., & Andres, A. (2023). Association between maternal and infant screen time with child growth and development: a longitudinal study. Pediatric Obesity, 18(7). https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.13033

Krejcie, R.V., & Morgan, D.W. (1970). Determining Sample Size for Research Activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30, 607-610. https://doi.org/10.1177/001316447003000308

LeBourgeois, M. K., Hale, L., Chang, A. M., Akacem, L. D., Montgomery-Downs, H. E., & Buxton, O. M. (2017). Digital Media and Sleep in Childhood and Adolescence. Pediatrics, 140(Suppl 2), S92–S96. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2016-1758J

Li, J., Yuan, B., Lan, J., & Huang, X. (2022). How late-life working affects depression among retirement-aged workers? an examination of the influence paths of job-related (non–job-related) physical activity and social contact. Journal of Occupational & Amp; Environmental Medicine, 64(8), e435-e442. https://doi.org/10.1097/jom.0000000000002572

Li, X., Vanderloo, L. M., Keown-Stoneman, C. D. G., Cost, K. T., Charach, A., Maguire, J. L., Monga, S., Crosbie, J., Burton, C., Anagnostou, E., Georgiades, S., Nicolson, R., Kelley, E., Ayub, M., Korczak, D. J., & Birken, C. S. (2021). Screen Use and Mental Health Symptoms in Canadian Children and Youth During the COVID-19 Pandemic. JAMA network open, 4(12). https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.40875

Li, Y., Sahakian, B. J., Kang, J., Langley, C., Zhang, W., Xie, C., . . . Feng, J. (2022). The brain structure and genetic mechanisms underlying the nonlinear association between sleep duration, cognition and mental health. Nature Aging, 2(5), 425–437. https://www.nature.com/articles/s43587-022-00210-2)

Liu, Y., Wheaton, A., Croft, J., Xü, F., Cunningham, T., & Greenlund, K. (2018). Relationship between sleep duration and self-reported health-related quality of life among us adults with or without major chronic diseases, 2014. Sleep Health, 4(3), 265-272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleh.2018.02.002

Lucena, J. M. S. d., Loch, M. R., Silva, E. C. d. C., & Júnior, J. C. d. F. (2022). Sedentary behavior and health-related quality of life in adolescents. Ciência & Amp; Saúde Coletiva, 27(6), 2143-2152. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232022276.11842021

Marcelo, F. (2023). Relationship Between Physical Activity and Mental Health in Adults in Brazil . International Journal of Physical Education, Recreation and Sports, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.47604/ijpers.2144

Marelli, S., Castelnuovo, A., Somma, A., Castronovo, V., Mombelli, S., Bottoni, D., & Ferini‐Strambi, L. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on sleep quality in university students and administration staff. Journal of Neurology, 268(1), 8-15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-020-10056-6

Mawer, T., Kent, K., Williams, A., McGowan, C., Murray, S., Bird, M., & Bridgman, H. (2022). The knowledge, barriers and opportunities to improve nutrition and physical activity amongst young people attending an Australian youth mental health service: a mixed-methods study. BMC Health Services Research, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-022-08182-0

McLaren, S. (2020). 5 ways companies are supporting employees' mental health and preventing burnout. LinkedIn. Retrieved from https://www.linkedin.com/business/talent/blog/talent-engagement/ways-companies-support-mental-health-and-prevent-burnout

Mheidly, N., Fares, M. Y., & Fares, J. (2020). Coping with stress and burnout associated with telecommunication and online learning. Frontiers in public health, 8, 672. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.3389%2Ffpubh.2020.574969

Misra, S., Cheng, L., Genevie, J., & Yuan, M. (2019). The iPhone effect: The quality of in-person social interactions in the presence of mobile devices. Environment and Behavior, 51(2), 195-223. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916514539755

Moitra, P., & Madan, J. (2022). Impact of screen time during covid-19 on eating habits, physical activity, sleep, and depression symptoms: a cross-sectional study in indian adolescents. Plos One, 17(3), e0264951. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264951

Muminović, N., Lačić, O., Bilalić, J., Huremović, T., & Halilović, M. (2022). Self-assessment of mental and physical health as the effect of three months of recreational treatment of women. Sport Scientific and Practical Aspects International Scientific Journal of Kinesiology, 19(2), 55-62. https://doi.org/10.51558/1840-4561.2022.19.2.55

Naczenski, L. M., Naczenski, L. M., Antoniewicz, F., & Rigotti, T. (2020). Disentangling the reciprocal relationship between physical activity and burnout: A prospective study of a national representative sample of German employees. BMC Public Health, 20(1), 684.

Nagasu, M., & Yamamoto, I. (2020). Impact of socioeconomic- and lifestyle-related risk factors on poor mental health conditions: a nationwide longitudinal 5-wave panel study in Japan. Plos One, 15(10), e0240240. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0240240

Nagasu, M., Kogi, K., & Yamamoto, I. (2019). Association of socioeconomic and lifestyle-related risk factors with mental health conditions: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-8022-4

Nakada, Y., Sugimoto, A., Kadotani, H., & Yamada, N. (2018). Verification of effect of sleep health education program in workplace: a quasi-randomized controlled trial. Industrial Health, 56(1), 20-29. https://doi.org/10.2486/indhealth.2017-0022

Neill, R., Lloyd, K., Best, P., & Tully, M. (2020). The effects of interventions with physical activity components on adolescent mental health: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Mental Health and Physical Activity, 19, 100359. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MHPA.2020.100359.

Olive, L., Sciberras, E., Berkowitz, T., Hoare, E., Telford, R., OʼNeill, A., & Westrupp, E. (2022). Child and parent physical activity, sleep, and screen time during COVID-19 and associations with mental health: Implications for future psycho-cardiological disease? Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.774858

Orben, A., Przybylski, A. K., & Weinstein, N. (2019). Screens, teens, and psychological well-being: Evidence from three time-use-diary studies. Psychological Science, 30(5), 682-696. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797619830329

Panova, T., & Lleras, A. (2019). Avoidance or boredom: Negative mental health outcomes associated with use of Information and Communication Technologies depend on users’ motivations. Computers in Human Behavior, 96, 56–66. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1016/j.chb.2015.12.062

Pasco, J. A., Williams, L. J., Jacka, F. N., Henry, M. J., Coulson, C., Brennan, S. L., & Berk, M. (2010). Habitual physical activity and the risk for depressive and anxiety disorders among older men and women. International Psychogeriatrics, 23(2), 292-298. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1041610210001833

Primack, B. A., Shensa, A., Sidani, J. E., Lin, L. Y., Colditz, J. B., Whaite, E. O., & Miller, E. (2021). Social media use and perceived social isolation among young adults in the US. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 60(2), 229-238. https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.amepre.2017.01.010

Puig-Ribera, A., Bort-Roig, J., Giné-Garriga, M., González-Suárez, Á. M., Martínez-Lemos, I., Fortuño, J., & McKenna, J. (2020). Impact of a workplace 'sit less, move more' program on efficiency-related outcomes of office employees. BMC Public Health, 20(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186%2Fs12889-017-4367-8

Rabbani, M., Hosseinian, S., & Zulkharnain, N. H. B. (2022). Screen time and psychological well-being among children: the moderating effect of parenting styles. Journal of Cognitive Sciences and Human Development, 8(2), 199-208. https://doi.org/10.33736/jcshd.4555.2022

Rosen, L., Lim, A., Felt, J., Carrier, L., Cheever, N., Lara‐Ruiz, J., & Rokkum, J. (2014). Media and technology use predicts ill-being among children, preteens and teenagers independent of the negative health impacts of exercise and eating habits. Computers in Human Behavior, 35, 364-375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.01.036

Santiago, F., Oliveira da Silva, A., de Souza Silva, R. I., de Castro Melo, W. V., Rodrigues Filho, E. A., Pirauá, A. L. T., & Machado-Oliveira, L. (2022). Association between screen time exposure, anxiety, and sleep quality in adolescents. Salud Mental, 45(2), 71-79. https://doi.org/10.17711/SM.0185-3325.2022.017

Saxena, R., Parmar, N., Kaur, P., & Allen, T. (2021). Effect of screen-time on sleep pattern and dietary habits among college-going students in COVID-19 pandemic. Indian Journal of Community Health, 33(1), 65-74. https://doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2021.v33i01.009

Schuch, F. B., Vancampfort, D., Firth, J., Rosenbaum, S., Ward, P. B., Silva, E. S., & Stubbs, B. (2019). Physical activity and incident depression: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. American Journal of Psychiatry, 175(7), 631-648. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2018.17111194

Semenza, D., Meldrum, R., Testa, A., & Jackson, D. (2021). Sleep duration, depressive symptoms, and digital self‐harm among adolescents. Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 27(2), 103-110. https://doi.org/10.1111/camh.12457

Sianoja, M., Crain, T., Hammer, L., Bodner, T., Brockwood, K., LoPresti, M., … & Shea, S. (2020). The relationship between leadership support and employee sleep. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 25(3), 187-202. https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000173

Soundy, A., Freeman, P., Stubbs, B., Probst, M., Coffee, P., & Vancampfort, D. (2014). The transcending benefits of physical activity for individuals with schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-ethnography. Psychiatry Research, 220(1-2), 11-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2014.07.083

Stillman, C. M., Cohen, J., Lehman, M. E., & Erickson, K. I. (2020). Mediators of physical activity on neurocognitive function: A review at multiple levels of analysis. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 14, 277. https://doi.org/10.3389%2Ffnhum.2016.00626

Suni, E. (2023). Mental health and sleep. Sleep Foundation. Retrieved from https://www.sleepfoundation.org/mental-health

Twenge, J. M., & Campbell, W. K. (2018). Associations between screen time and lower psychological well-being among children and adolescents: Evidence from a population-based study. Preventive Medicine Reports, 12, 271-283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2018.10.003

Twenge, J. M., & Campbell, W. K. (2020). Associations between screen time and lower psychological well-being among children and adolescents: Evidence from a population-based study. JAMA Pediatrics, 174(9), 1-9. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2018.10.003

Uddin, M., Akhtar, R., Masud, M., & Hye, Q. (2020). Utilization of health care services among migrant workers in Malaysia. Humanities and Social Sciences Letters, 8(4), 481-492. https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.73.2020.84.481.492

Vanderlinden, J., Boen, F., & Van Uffelen, J. G. Z. (2020). Effects of physical activity programs on sleep outcomes in older adults: a systematic review. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 17(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-020-0913-3

Watanabe, K., & Tsutsumi, A. (2023). Workers’ perceptions of mhealth services for physical activity and mental health: a qualitative study using a text-mining method. Environmental and Occupational Health Practice, 5(1), n/a. https://doi.org/10.1539/eohp.2022-0022-oa

Woo, J., Chan, R., Leung, J., & Wong, M. (2010). Relative contributions of geographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle factors to quality of life, frailty, and mortality in elderly. Plos One, 5(1), e8775. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0008775

Yılmaz, M., KIRAÇ, Y., & Şahin, M. (2021). Sleep quality and related factors in a sample of Turkish healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross‐sectional study. International Journal of Clinical Practice, 75(11). https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcp.14813

Yusof, Y., Ramli, F., & Noor, N. (2017). Mental health social work in Malaysia: a study exploring its importance. International Social Work, 62(1), 283-294. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020872817725139

Zhu, X., Gao, M., Cheng, X., & Zhao, W. (2023). Sleep – the guarantee of health! does the environmental perception characteristics of urban residential areas affect residents' sleep quality? Frontiers in Public Health, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1017790




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejphs.v7i3.191

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2024 Kumaran Kanapathipillai, Halimatusaadiyah Binti Mohd Yusof, Muhaimin Bin Satun, Syahira Binti Saadon

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Copyright © 2019 - 2023. European Journal of Public Health Studies (ISSN 2668-1056/ISSN-L 2668-1056) is a registered trademark of Open Access Publishing Group. All rights reserved.

This journal is a serial publication uniquely identified by an International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) serial number certificate issued by Romanian National Library. All the research works are uniquely identified by a CrossRef DOI digital object identifier supplied by indexing and repository platforms. All the research works published on this journal are meeting the Open Access Publishing requirements and standards formulated by Budapest Open Access Initiative (2002), the Bethesda Statement on Open Access Publishing (2003) and Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities (2003) and can be freely accessed, shared, modified, distributed and used in educational, commercial and non-commercial purposes under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Copyrights of the published research works are retained by authors.