“PHYSICAL EDUCATION OR NOT?’’ THE PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES ON COLLEGE STUDENTS

Mannar G. Agar, Mariah Carla G. Alonzo, Roslene A. Gabas, Ivy V. Singson

Abstract


For many years, many studies have shown the purpose of physical activity as a medium to improve one's physical health. However, it does not have enough studies on how physical activity can benefit an individual's psychological well-being. Although some researchers say physical activity can help reduce stress, people still wonder whether physical activity correlates with psychological well-being. This study stated that physical activity is considered one of the most important aspects of an individual's life. It stands as a firm block in improving general well-being and helps individuals feel motivated and relieved from stress. This study utilized the descriptive qualitative design and purposive sampling following the key informant interview, where the data is required straightforwardly from 25 people who encounter the phenomenon being investigated. They also applied code reliability thematic analysis in interpreting the data collected and distinguished common themes, topics, ideas, and meaning patterns, which resurface consistently in the interview session. Moreover, this research's key findings present the effectiveness of engaging in physical activity and considerations that can increase the benefit of improving one's psychological aspect.

 

Article visualizations:

Hit counter


Keywords


physical activities, psychological benefits, reduce stress, Davao City, Philippines

Full Text:

PDF

References


Ahern, K. (2021). The Many Benefits of Individual Sports. Retrieved from https://www.nymetroparents.com/article/The-Many-Benefits-of-IndividualSports

Alricsson, M. (2013). Physical Activity Why and How? Journal of Biosafety & Health Education, 1(4). doi:10.4172/2332-0893.1000e111.

Bagot, M. (2017, October 30). How team sports help beat stress and improve quality of life more than solo workouts. Mirror. Retrieved from https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/uk- news/how-team-sports-help-beat11436658

Bell, S. L., Audrey, S., Gunnell, D., Cooper, A., & Campbell, R. (2019). The relationship between physical activity, mental well-being and symptoms of mental health disorder in adolescents: A cohort study. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 16(1). doi:10.1186/s12966019-0901-7

Bradshaw, C., Atkinson, S., & Doody, O. (2017). Employing a Qualitative Description Approach in Health Care Research. Global Qualitative Nursing Research, 4. doi:10.1177/2333393617742282

Brymer, E., Department of Exercise and Sport Science, Davids, K., Research, C. F., Mallabon, L., & Studies, S. O. (2014). Understanding the psychological health and well-being benefits of physical activity in nature: An ecological dynamics analysis. March 4, 2021, Retrieved from https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/eco.2013.0110#.

Cagula, K. E. (2020, October 16). Students sleepless, stressed over online class. Retrieved from http://davaotoday.com/main/economy/education/students-sleepless-stressed-over-online-class/.

Chandra, Y. (2020). Online education during COVID-19: Perception of academic stress and emotional intelligence coping strategies among college students. 2021, Retrieved from https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/AEDS-05-20200097/full/pdf?title=online-education-during-covid-19-perception-of-academic-stress-and-emotional-intelligence-coping-strategies-amongcollegestudents&fbclid=IwAR0l0RUDw6oCV2sMSzUtt445hl9_Xu9g3ARYsNFcLCCFvyi408tTUFJ_Mg

Calleja, J. (2020). Church asked to help curb rising Philippine suicide rate - UCA News. Retrieved from https://www.ucanews.com/news/church-asked-to-help-curb-rising-philippine-suicide-rate/89264#.

Charles, S. (2020, February 26). Five-mental-benefits-of-exercise. Retrieved from https://www.waldenu.edu/online-bachelors-programs/bs-inpsychology/resource/five-mental-benefits-of-exercise.

Creswell, J. (2008, June 20). A Framework for Design—The Interconnection of Worldviews, Strategies of Inquiry, and Research Methods. SAGE. Retrieved from https://www.sagepub.com/sites/default/files/upmbinaries/27395_Pages5_11.pdf.

Cuberos, R. C.-., Ortega, F. Z.-., Moreno, E. M. O.-., & Sánchez, M. C. (2019, June 5). Relationship between Academic Stress, Physical Activity and Diet in University Students of Education. doi: 10.3390/bs9060059

Deckro, G. R., Ballinger, K. M., Hoyt, M., Wilcher, M., Dusek, J., Myers, P., Greenberg, B., Rosenthal, D. S., & Benson, H. (2002). The Evaluation of a Mind/Body Intervention to Reduce Psychological Distress and Perceived Stress in College Students. Journal of American College Health, 50(6), 281–287. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448480209603446.

Delle Fave, A., Bassi, M., Boccaletti, E. S., Roncaglione, C., Bernardelli, G., & Mari, D. (2018). Promoting Well-Being in Old Age: The Psychological Benefits of Two Training Programs of Adapted Physical Activity. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 5–6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00828.

Department of Health - Physical Activity. (2019, April 04). Retrieved from https://www1.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/phyactivity.

Dubnov, G., & Berry, E. (2013). Physical Activity and Mood. The Endocrine Connection. Eime, R. M., Young, J. A., Harvey, J. T., Charity, M. J., & Payne, W. R. (2013). A systematic review of the psychological and social benefits of participation in sport for children and adolescents: Informing development of a conceptual model of health through sport. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 10(1), 98. doi:10.1186/1479-5868-10-98

Faulkner, G., Mitra, R., Buliung, R., Fusco, C., & Stone, M. (2015). Children’s outdoor playtime, physical activity, and parental perceptions of the neighbourhood environment. International Journal of Play, 4(1), 84-97. doi:10.1080/21594937.2015.1017303

Fredrickson, B. L., & Branigan, C. (2005). Positive emotions broaden the scope of Attention and thought‐action repertoires. Cognition & Emotion, 19(3), 313-332.

Greco, O. (2021, July 12). 6 Individual Sports You Should Try This Year. Broke and Chic. Retrieved from https://brokeandchic.com/6-individual-sports-you-should-try-this-year/

Gilani, S. M., & Feizabad, A. (2019). The effects of aerobic exercise training on mental health and self-esteem of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30997432/

Hallare, K. (2020, April 01). 27% of Filipinos frequently experience stress – SWS. Retrieved from https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1251893/27-of-filipinos-frequently-experience-stress.

Hu, S., Tucker, L., Wu, C., & Yang, L. (2020). Beneficial Effects of Exercise on Depression and Anxiety During the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Narrative Review. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.587557

Kim, M. J., & Lee, C. W. (2016). Health benefits of dancing activity among Korean middle-aged women. International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being, 11(1), 31215. doi:10.3402/qhwv11.31215.

Kohl, H. W., III. (2013). Educating the student body taking physical activity and physical education to school. Washington: National Academies Press.

Lu, A. S., & Hwang, J. (2020). Physical Activity. The International Encyclopedia of Media Psychology, 1-6. doi:10.1002/9781119011071.iemp0098.

Malhotra, P. (2019). Exercise and its Impact on Anger Management Mini Review. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332902331_Exercise_and_its_Impact_on_Anger_Management_Mini_Review. doi: 10.31080/ASMS.2019.03.0278

Mikkelsen K, Stojanovska L, Polenakovic M, Bosevski M, Apostolopoulos V. (2017) Exercise and mental health. 106:48-56. Doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.09.003

Moran, J., Monaghan, A., O’Dwyer, T., Oshea, F., & Wilson, F. (2017). Behaviour change intervention increases physical activity, spinal mobility and quality of life in adults with ankylosing spondylitis: A randomised trial. Journal of Physiotherapy, 63(1), 30-39. doi: 10.1016/j.jphys.2016.11.009.

Ohrnberger, E. Fichera, M. Sutton (2017). The dynamics of physical and mental health in the older population. J. Econ. Ageing, 9 (2017), pp. 52-62

Ohrnberger, J., Fichera, E., & Sutton, M. (2017, November 08). The relationship between physical and mental health: A mediation analysis. Social science & medicine, Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277953617306639

Otto, M. W., & Smits, J. A. J. (2011). Exercise for mood and anxiety: Proven Strategies For overcoming depression and enhancing well-being. Oxford University Press.

Palinkas, L. A., Horwitz, S. M., Green, C. A., Wisdom, J. P., Duan, N., & Hoagwood, K. (2013). Purposeful Sampling for Qualitative Data Collection and Analysis in Mixed Method Implementation Research. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 42(5), 533-544. doi:10.1007/s10488-013-0528y

Parfitt, G., Pavey, T., and Rowlands, A. (2009). Children’s physical activity and psychological health: the relevance of intensity. Acta Paediatr. 98, 1037– 1043. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2009.01255.x

Pluhar, E., McCracken, C., Griffith, K. L., Christino, M. A., Sugimoto, D., & Meehan, W.P. (2019, August 01). Team Sport Athletes May Be Less Likely to Suffer Anxiety or Depression than Individual Sport Athletes. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6683619/

Reigal, R. E., Moral-Campillo, L., Mier, R. J., Morillo-Baro, J. P., Morales-Sánchez, V., Pastrana, J. L., & Hernández-Mendo, A. (2020). Physical Fitness Level Is Related to Attention and Concentration in Adolescents. Frontiers in Psychology, 11.doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00110

Ryan, R. M., and Deci, E. L. (2007). Active human nature: self-determination theory and the promotion and maintenance of sport, exercise, and health, in Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Exercise and Sport, eds M. S. Hagger and N. L. D. Chatzisarantis (Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics), 1–20.

Ryan, R. M., Williams, G. C., Patrick, H., & Deci, E. L. (2009). Self-determination theory and physical activity: The dynamics of motivation and in development and wellness. Hellenic Journal of Psychology. Retrieved from http://selfdeterminationtheory.org/SDT/documents/2009_RyanWilliamsParickDeci_HJOP.pdf.

Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2017). Self-determination theory: Basic Psychological needs in motivation, development, and wellness. New York: Guilford Publishing.

Sajnani, N., Marxen, E., & Zarate, R. (2017). Critical perspectives in the arts therapies: Response/ability across a continuum of practice. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 54, 28-37. doi: 10.1016/j.aip.2017.01.007.

Sánchez, M., Cabaco, A., López, B., Litago, J. D., Loureiro, M. J., & Mejía, M. (2021, January 01). Physical Activity and Life Satisfaction: An Empirical Study in a Population of Senior Citizens. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.636914

Sanders, R. L. (2013). City Cycling, by John Pucher and Ralph Buehler. Berkeley Planning Journal, 26(1). doi:10.5070/bp326117635.

Sani, S. H., Fathirezaie, Z., Brand, S., Pühse, U., Holsboer-Trachsler, E., Gerber, M., & Talepasand, S. (2016). Physical activity and self-esteem: Testing direct and indirect relationships associated with psychological and physical mechanisms. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Volume 12, 2617-2625.doi:10.2147/ndt.s116811

Silverman, M. N., & Deuster, P. A. (2014). Biological mechanisms underlying the role of physical fitness in health and resilience. Interface Focus, 4(5), 20140040. doi:10.1098/rsfs.2014.004

Sud, D. (2020, September 22). Thematic analysis part 2: Three schools of thematic analysis and study design recommendations. Retrieved from https://s4be.cochrane.org/blog/2020/03/06/thematic-analysis-part-2-threeschools-of-thematic-analysis-and-study-design-recommendations/

Swimming improves mental health: How swimming eases the mind. (2019). https://www.swimming.org/justswim/swimming-improves-mental-health

Tee, M. L., Tee, C. A., Anlacan, J. P., Aligam, K. G., Reyes, P. C., Kuruchittham, V., & Ho, R. C. (2020). Psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32861839/

Teixeira, S.B. Going, L.B. Houtkooper, E.C. Cussler, L.L. Metcalfe, R.M. Blew, et al. (2004). Pretreatment predictors of attrition and successful weight management in women. International Journal of Obesity, 28 (2004), pp. 1124-1133

Vineham, C. (2017). Seven benefits of swimming for your mental well-being. Retrieved from https://www.bupa.co.uk/newsroom/ourviews/benefits-of-swimming.

Wike, H., (2015). Examining the relationship between physical activity, psychological well-being, and stress in a college population. [online] Retrieved from https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/51197219.pdf.

Zawadzki, M. J., Smyth, J. M., & Costigan, H. J. (2015). Real-Time Associations Between Engaging in Leisure and Daily Health and Well-Being. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 49(4), 605-615. doi:10.1007/s12160-015-9694




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejpe.v11i5.5603

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2024 Mannar G. Agar, Mariah Carla G. Alonzo, Roslene A. Gabas, Ivy V. Singson

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Copyright © 2015 - 2023. European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science (ISSN 2501 - 1235) is a registered trademark of Open Access Publishing Group. All rights reserved.

This journal is a serial publication uniquely identified by an International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) serial number certificate issued by Romanian National Library (Biblioteca Nationala a Romaniei). All the research works are uniquely identified by a CrossRef DOI digital object identifier supplied by indexing and repository platforms. All authors who send their manuscripts to this journal and whose articles are published on this journal retain full copyright of their articles. All the research works published on this journal are meeting the Open Access Publishing requirements and can be freely accessed, shared, modified, distributed and used in educational, commercial and non-commercial purposes under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).