ASSESSMENT OF SPORT NUTRITION KNOWLEDGE OF CONGOLESE ATHLETES IN THE BRAZZAVILLE DEPARTMENTAL ATHLETICS LEAGUE, REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO / ÉVALUATION DES CONNAISSANCES EN NUTRITION SPORTIVE DES ATHLÈTES CONGOLAIS DE LA LIGUE DÉPARTEMENTALE D'ATHLÉTISME DE BRAZZAVILLE, RÉPUBLIQUE DU CONGO

Eddie Janvier Bouhika, Kounga Paul Roger Mabounda, Simplice Innocent Moussouami, Florent Nsompi, Jean Martin Moussoki, Denove Styven Lolo, Alain Marc Boussana, Michel Elenga, Vital Mananga, Okouango Yvon Simplice Itoua, Jean Georges André Moulongo, Etienne Nguimbi, François Mbemba

Abstract


The place of a balanced diet in sport has proven to be very important. The objective of this study was to assess the nutritional knowledge of athletes in the Brazzaville athletics league. Our study was conducted on a sample of 50 athletes including 29 Boys and 21 Girls from the events combined with an average age of 23.50 ± 3.32 years and 21.33 ± 9.41 years respectively. The method used was the Abbreviated Sports Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire (ANSKQ) to collect data related to nutrition knowledge from athletes. The results showed ignorance of ranking products for carbohydrate, fat, and protein gain respectively by 62.06% of Boys and 47.61% of Girls, 51.72% of Boys 80.95% of Girls, and 51 72% of Boys versus 61.90% of Girls). Similarly, 51.72% of Boys and 52.38% of Girls ignored the percentages of a balanced diet. Knowledge of what to eat to perform was low in 62.06% of boys and 66.66% of girls. The type of ration established was based on traditional experience in 65.51% of boys and 42.85% of girls. The level of nutrition knowledge was low in 51.72% of boys and 52.38% of girls. This justified the non-respect of meal intake and meal times before sport practice respectively in 82.75% of boys and 95.23% of girls. Hence the non-participation in the composition of the menus of 100% of Boys and 100% of Girls. In conclusion, Congolese athletes have a very low level of knowledge in the field of nutrition. However, a low level of knowledge in nutrition is associated with a negative impact on sport performance.

La place de l’alimentation équilibrée dans le domaine sportif est avérée très importante. L’objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer les connaissances en nutrition des athlètes de la ligue d’athlétisme de Brazzaville. Notre étude a été menée sur un échantillon de 50 athlètes dont 29 Garçons et 21 Filles des épreuves confondues avec un âge moyen respectivement de 23,50 ±3,32 ans et 21,33 ±9,41 ans. La méthode utilisée était le Questionnaire Abrégé sur la Connaissance en Nutrition Sportive (ANSKQ) afin de collecter les données liées aux connaissances en nutrition auprès des athlètes. Les résultats ont montré l’ignorance de classer les produits pour le gain glucidique, lipidique et protéique respectivement par 62, 06% des Garçons et 47,61% des Filles, 51,72 % des Garçons 80,95% des Filles, et 51,72% des Garçons versus 61,90% des Filles). De même, 51,72% des Garçons et 52,38% des Filles ont ignoré les pourcentages d’une alimentation équilibrée. La connaissance de ce qu’il faut manger pour performer était faible chez 62,06% des Garçons et 66,66% des filles. Le type de ration établie était basé sur l’expérience traditionnelle chez 65,51% des Garçons et 42,85% des Filles. Le niveau de connaissance en nutrition était faible chez 51,72% des Garçons et 52,38% des Filles. Ce qui a justifié le non-respect des prises des repas et des heures repas avant la pratique sportive respectivement chez 82,75% des Garçons et 95,23% des Filles. D’où la non-participation à la composition des menus de 100% des Garçons et 100%des Filles. En conclusion, les athlètes congolais ont un niveau de connaissance très bas dans le domaine de nutrition. Or, le faible niveau de connaissance en nutrition est associé à un impact négatif sur la performance sportive. 

 

Article visualizations:

Hit counter


Keywords


evaluation, knowledge, diet, nutrition, athletes / evaluation, connaissance, alimentation, nutrition, athlètes

Full Text:

PDF

References


Aragon AA, Schoenfeld BJ, Wildman R, Kleiner S, VanDusseldorp T, Taylor L, et al. International society of sports nutrition position stand: diets and body composition. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition. 3 janv 2017;14(1):16.

Arcusa Saura R, Pilar Zafrilla Rentero M, Marhuenda Hernández J. Sports Nutrition and Performance. In: Mózsik G, Figler M, éditeurs. Nutrition in Health and Disease - Our Challenges Now and Forthcoming Time [Internet]. IntechOpen; 2019 [cité 14 janv 2023]. Disponible sur: https://www.intechopen.com/books/nutrition-in-health-and-disease-our-challenges-now-and-forthcoming-time/sports-nutrition-and-performance

Araújo CGS, Scharhag J. Athlete: a working definition for medical and health sciences research. Scand J Med Sci Sports. janv 2016;26(1):4‑7.

Bouhika EJ, Boussana AM, Kounga PRM, Nsompi F, Moussouami SI, Mboutou BC, et al. Dietary and Biochemical Profile of Congolese Athletes in Endurance Races during International Competition. JBM. 2022;10(09):340‑57.

Bouhika EJ, Nsompi F, Alongo YRG, Mabounda Kounga PR, Matondo Ntala D, Mboutou CB, et al. Etude des apports nutritionnels et la dépense énergétique des athlètes Congolais internés pour le Semi-Marathon International de Brazzaville (SMIB). Int J Biol Chem Sci. 2022;16(4):1492‑506.

Buckley GL, Hall LE, Lassemillante ACM, Belski R. Disordered eating & body image of current and former athletes in a pandemic; a convergent mixed methods study - What can we learn from COVID-19 to support athletes through transitions? J Eat Disord. déc 2021;9(1):73.

Braun H, Carlsohn A, Großhauser M, König D, Lampen A, Mosler S, et al. Energy needs in sports. Position of the working group sports nutrition of the German Nutrition Society (DGE). Ernahrungs Umschau. 15 août 2019;(66(8)):146‑53.

Burke LM, Castell LM, Casa DJ, Close GL, Costa RJS, Desbrow B, et al. International Association of Athletics Federations Consensus Statement 2019: Nutrition for Athletics. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. 1 mars 2019;29(2):73‑84.

Callahan A, Leonard H, Powell T. Nutrition: science and everyday application. v. 1.0. Open Oregon Educational Resources; 2020.

Collins J, Maughan RJ, Gleeson M, Bilsborough J, Jeukendrup A, Morton JP, et al. UEFA expert group statement on nutrition in elite football. Current evidence to inform practical recommendations and guide future research. Br J Sports Med. avr 2021;55(8):416‑416.

DiMaria-Ghalili RA, Mirtallo JM, Tobin BW, Hark L, Van Horn L, Palmer CA. Challenges and opportunities for nutrition education and training in the health care professions: intraprofessional and interprofessional call to action. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 1 mai 2014;99(5):1184S-1193S.

DeOliveira EP, Burini RC. Food-dependent, exercise-induced gastrointestinal distress. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition. 4 févr 2011;8(1):12.

Eck KM, Byrd-Bredbenner C. Food Choice Decisions of Collegiate Division I Athletes: A Qualitative Exploratory Study. Nutrients. 6 juill 2021;13(7):2322

Economos CD, Bortz SS, Nelson ME. Nutritional Practices of Elite Athletes: Practical Recommendations. Sports Medicine. déc 1993;16(6):381‑99.

Elsahoryi NA, Trakman G, Al Kilani A. General and sports nutrition knowledge among Jordanian adult coaches and athletes: A cross-sectional survey. Pessôa Filho DM, éditeur. PLoS ONE. 18 nov 2021;16(11):e0258123

Evans GH, James LJ, Shirreffs SM, Maughan RJ. Optimizing the restoration and maintenance of fluid balance after exercise-induced dehydration. Journal of Applied Physiology. 1 avr 2017;122(4):945‑51

Frączek B, Pięta A, Burda A, Mazur-Kurach P, Tyrała F. Paleolithic Diet—Effect on the Health Status and Performance of Athletes? Nutrients. 21 mars 2021;13(3):1019

Gastrich MD, Quick V, Bachmann G, Moriarty AM. Nutritional Risks Among Female Athletes. Journal of Women’s Health. 1 mai 2020;29(5):693‑702.

Haugen T, Seiler S, Sandbakk Ø, Tønnessen E. The Training and Development of Elite Sprint Performance: an Integration of Scientific and Best Practice Literature. Sports Med - Open. déc 2019;5(1):44.

Holtzman B, Ackerman KE. Recommendations and Nutritional Considerations for Female Athletes: Health and Performance. Sports Med. sept 2021;51(S1):43‑57.

Hosseininejad SM, Aminiahidashti H, Pashaei SM, Goli Khatir I, Montazer SH, Bozorgi F, et al. Determinants of Prolonged Length of Stay in the Emergency Department; a Cross-sectional Study. Emerg (Tehran). 2017;5(1):e53.

Huang Z, Huang B, Huang J. The Relationship between Nutrition Knowledge and Nutrition Facts Table Use in China: A Structural Equation Model. IJERPH. 10 juin 2021;18(12):6307.

Iwasa-Madge K, Sesbreno E. A Proposed Conceptual Sport Nutrition Approach for Athlete Development and Assessment: The Athlete Nutrition Development Approach. Sports Med - Open. déc 2022;8(1):142.

Jabakhanji SB, Boland F, Ward M, Biesma R. Prevalence of early childhood obesity in Ireland: Differences over time, between sexes and across child growth criteria. Pediatric Obesity [Internet]. nov 2022 [cité 14 janv 2023];17(11). Disponible sur: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com /doi/10. 1111 /ijpo.12953

Jacob R, Couture S, Lamarche B, Provencher V, Morissette É, Valois P, et al. Determinants of coaches’ intentions to provide different recommendations on sports nutrition to their athletes. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition. 15 janv 2019;16(1):57.

Kerksick CM, Wilborn CD, Roberts MD, Smith-Ryan A, Kleiner SM, Jäger R, et al. ISSN exercise & sports nutrition review update: research & recommendations. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition. 5 janv 2018;15(1):38.

Kesari A, Noel JY. Nutritional Assessment. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 [cité 15 janv 2023]. Disponible sur: http://www. ncbi.nlm.n ih.gov/books/NBK580496/

Kontele I, Vassilakou T. Nutritional Risks among Adolescent Athletes with Disordered Eating. Children. 21 août 2021;8(8):715.

Kwon YJ, Lee HS, Park JY, Lee JW. Associating Intake Proportion of Carbohydrate, Fat, and Protein with All-Cause Mortality in Korean Adults. Nutrients. 21 oct 2020;12(10):3208.

Lis DM, Kings D, Larson-Meyer DE. Dietary Practices Adopted by Track-and-Field Athletes: Gluten-Free, Low FODMAP, Vegetarian, and Fasting. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. 1 mars 2019;29(2):236‑45.

Mbemba F, Massamba A, Bazolo P, Mabiala Babela JR, Senga P. L’alimentation du footballeur congolais de haut niveau en période de précompétition. Science & Sports. juin 2006;21(3):131‑6.

Melin A, Torstveit MK, Burke L, Marks S, Sundgot-Borgen J. Disordered Eating and Eating Disorders in Aquatic Sports. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. août 2014;24(4):450‑9.

Nascimento M, Silva D, Ribeiro S, Nunes M, Almeida M, Mendes-Netto R. Effect of a Nutritional Intervention in Athlete’s Body Composition, Eating Behaviour and Nutritional Knowledge: A Comparison between Adults and Adolescents. Nutrients. 7 sept 2016;8(9):535.

Okano Y, Okamoto M, Yazaki M, Inui A, Ohura T, Murayama K, et al. Analysis of daily energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrate intake in citrin-deficient patients: Towards prevention of adult-onset type II citrullinemia. Molecular Genetics and Metabolism. mai 2021;133(1):63‑70.

Ozdoğan Y, Ozcelik AO. Evaluation of the nutrition knowledge of sports department students of universities. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition. 4 févr 2011;8(1):11.

Papadopoulou SK, Mantzorou M, Kondyli-Sarika F, Alexandropoulou I, Papathanasiou J, Voulgaridou G, et al. The Key Role of Nutritional Elements on Sport Rehabilitation and the Effects of Nutrients Intake. Sports. 26 mai 2022;10(6):84.

Pelly FE, Thurecht RL, Slater G. Determinants of Food Choice in Athletes: A Systematic Scoping Review. Sports Med - Open. déc 2022;8(1):77.

Pramuková B, Szabadosová V, Soltésová A. Current knowledge about sports nutrition. Australas Med J. 2011;4(3):107‑10

Purcell L, Canadian Paediatric Society, Paediatric Sports and Exercise Medicine Section. Sport nutrition for young athletes. Paediatrics & Child Health. 2 avr 2013;18(4):200‑2.

Ramona F, Sara G, Carlo P. Risk of developing eating disorders through the misperception of the body image and the adoption of bad eating habits in a sample of young volleyball athletes. Arch Food Nutr Sci. 8 mars 2021;5(1):007‑17.

Ruddick-Collins LC, Morgan PJ, Fyfe CL, Filipe JAN, Horgan GW, Westerterp KR, et al. Timing of daily calorie loading affects appetite and hunger responses without changes in energy metabolism in healthy subjects with obesity. Cell Metabolism. oct 2022;34(10):1472-1485.e6.

Ryan M. The ethics of dietary apps: Technology, health, and the capability approach. Technology in Society. févr 2022;68:101873.

Scalvedi ML, Gennaro L, Saba A, Rossi L. Relationship Between Nutrition Knowledge and Dietary Intake: An Assessment Among a Sample of Italian Adults. Front Nutr. 13 sept 2021;8:714493.

Suliga E, Cieśla E, Michel S, Kaducakova H, Martin T, Śliwiński G, et al. Diet Quality Compared to the Nutritional Knowledge of Polish, German, and Slovakian University Students—Preliminary Research. IJERPH. 4 déc 2020;17(23):9062.

Thomas DT, Erdman KA, Burke LM. Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Dietitians of Canada, and the American College of Sports Medicine: Nutrition and Athletic Performance. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. mars 2016;116(3):501‑28.

Thurecht R, Pelly F. Key Factors Influencing the Food Choices of Athletes at two Distinct Major International Competitions. Nutrients. 27 mars 2020;12(4):924.

Vázquez-Espino K, Rodas-Font G, Farran-Codina A. Sport Nutrition Knowledge, Attitudes, Sources of Information, and Dietary Habits of Sport-Team Athletes. Nutrients. 23 mars 2022;14(7):1345.

Wilson PB. ‘I think I’m gonna hurl’: A Narrative Review of the Causes of Nausea and Vomiting in Sport. Sports. 4 juill 2019;7(7):162.

Yokoyama H, Deguchi M, Hongu N. The Role of Diets and Dietitians for Para-Athletes: A Pilot Study Based on Interviews. Nutrients. 9 sept 2022;14(18):3720.

Żarnowski A, Jankowski M, Gujski M. Nutrition Knowledge, Dietary Habits, and Food Labels Use—A Representative Cross-Sectional Survey among Adults in Poland. IJERPH. 9 sept 2022;19(18):11364.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejfnsm.v4i1.143

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2023 Eddie Janvier Bouhika, Kounga Paul Roger Mabounda, Simplice Innocent Moussouami, Florent Nsompi, Jean Martin Moussoki, Denove Styven Lolo, Alain Marc Boussana, Michel Elenga, Vital Mananga, Okouango Yvon Simplice Itoua, Jean Georges André Moulongo, Etienne Nguimbi, François Mbemba

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Copyright © 2020 - 2023. European Journal of Fitness, Nutrition and Sport Medicine Studies (ISSN 2668-9758, ISSN-l 2668-9758) is a registered trademark of Open Access Publishing Group. All rights reserved.

This journal is a serial publication uniquely identified by an International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) serial number certificate issued by Romanian National Library. All the research works are uniquely identified by a CrossRef DOI digital object identifier supplied by indexing and repository platforms. All the research works published on this journal are meeting the Open Access Publishing requirements and standards formulated by Budapest Open Access Initiative (2002), the Bethesda Statement on Open Access Publishing (2003) and Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities (2003) and can be freely accessed, shared, modified, distributed and used in educational, commercial and non-commercial purposes under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Copyrights of the published research works are retained by authors.