THE EFFECTS OF SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS ON MALE PARTNER INVOLVEMENT IN ANTENATAL CARE AMONG HOUSEHOLDS: A CASE OF KAPTIMBOR VILLAGE BARINGO CENTRAL SUB-COUNTY, KENYA

Jacqueline L. Odawa, Patrick Lomadi, Daisy Chebet Korir, Leonard Lomada, Alda Ntipiyan Potipa, Risper Nyambeki Mauti, Evaline N. Lenaigwanai, Fredrick K. Lagat

Abstract


Background: Male partner involvement in ANC is essential for the mother's health and the growth of the fetus because it connects the mother and her child to the healthcare system, potentially increasing the likelihood that antenatal care services will be optimized. This study aimed to determine the effects of socio-demographics on male partner involvement in Antenatal Care. Methods: A descriptive survey research design was used. The study population included male partners in Kaptimbor Village Baringo Central Sub-County, Kabarnet ward. A sample of 167 respondents was recruited for the study. A stratified random sampling approach was used to select the study participants. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire, analyzed using SPSS computer package version 26 and thereafter presented using descriptive methods. Findings: The majority of the respondents (69.0%) were aged between 28 and 49 years, 63.2% had secondary or higher-level education, 39.4%, were self-employed, (58.7%) lived a distance of more than one kilometer from the nearest health facility and (54.8%) were of Tugen and Pokot ethnic backgrounds. The majority of the respondents indicated that traditionally, ANC has only been a place for women and that men had certain roles to play during pregnancy. Younger men were more supportive, older men were opposed to the idea of men engaging in ANC. Men with low-income levels chose to stay at home rather than accompany their partners to prenatal clinics. A significant percentage of men correctly identified convulsions, loss of consciousness, fast/difficult breathing and severe headache with blurred vision as danger signs in pregnancy. Conclusions: Different aspects of ANC indicated varying degrees of involvement. In spite of the fact that the vast majority of men indicated a high level of involvement in ANC services, there were gaps in their understanding, perceptions, and involvement.

 

Article visualizations:

Hit counter


Keywords


male partner, antenatal care, reproductive health

Full Text:

PDF

References


Adamu, H. O. (2020). Effect of Health Education on the knowledge, Attitude and Involvement by Male Partners in Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness in Rural communities of Sokoto State, Nigeria. American Journal of Public Health Research, 8(5), 163-175.

Alharbi, A. A. (2018). Attitudes and barriers toward the presence of husbands with their wives in the delivery room during childbirth in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. J Family Med Prime Care, 7(6), 1467-1475. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_170_18. PMID: 30613544; PMCID: PMC6293903

Aluisio, A. R.-S.-N. (2011). Male antenatal attendance and HIV testing are associated with decreased infant HIV infection and increased HIV-free survival. Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 56(1), 76-82. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0b013e3181fdb4c4

Arunda, M. E. (2017). Effectiveness of antenatal care services in reducing neonatal mortality in Kenya: analysis of national survey data. Global Health Action. 10(1). Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2017.1328796

Azjen, I. (1985). From intentions to actions: A theory of planned behavior. In J. Kuhi & J. Beckmann (Eds.), Action-control: From cognition to behavior. Heidelberg: Springer.

Bartholomew Eldredge, L. P. (2011). Planning health promotion programs: An intervention mapping approach. 3rd. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

Bernal, L. C. (2002). Men as partners in reproductive health. Sexual Health Exchange 2. Retrieved from http://www.kit.nl/exchange/html/men_as_partners_sexual_heal th.asp

Bhatta, D. (2013). Involvement of males in antenatal care, Birth preparedness, exclusive breast feeding and immunizations for children in Kathmandu, Nepal. BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 13(1). Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2393-13-14

Byamugisha, R. T. (2010). Determinants of male involvement in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV programme in eastern Uganda: a cross-sectional survey. Reproductive Health, 7(1), 1-9.

Chattopadhyay, A. (2012). Men in maternal care: evidence from India. J Biosoc Sci., 44(2), 129-53. doi:10.1017/S0021932011000502

Cullen, F. T. (1994). Social support as an organizing concept for criminology. Presidential Address to the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences. Justice Quarterly. 11(4), 527-559

Daniele, M. (2021). Male partner participation in maternity care and social support for childbearing women: a discussion paper. Series B, Biological Sciences, 376(1827). Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2020.0021

Debbie, T. Z. (2018). Birth preparedness and complication readiness practice and associated factors among pregnant women in Northwest Ethiopia. PloS one, 16(4). Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249083

Falade-Fatila, O. et al. (2020). Male partners' involvement in pregnancy-related care among married men in Ibadan, Nigeria. Reprod Health. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-020-0850-2

Gibore, N. B. (2019). Factors influencing men's involvement in antenatal care services: a cross-sectional study in a low resource setting, Central Tanzania. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-019-0721-x

Greenspan, J. A. (2019). Men's Role in care seeking for maternal and newborn health: a qualitative study applying the three delays model to male involvement in Morogoro Region, Tanzania. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-019-2439-8

Guspianto, I. (2022). Associated Factors of Male Participation in Antenatal Care in Muaro Jambi District, Indonesia. Journal of Pregnancy, 1-7.

Guspianto, I. I. (2022). Associated Factors of Male Participation in Antenatal Care in Muaro Jambi District, Indonesia. Journal of Pregnancy, 1-7. doi:10.1155/2022/6842278

Idowu, P. O. (2022). Male partners' involvement during antenatal care in Ekiti State, Southwest Nigeria. African Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health, 16(2). Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.12968/ajmw.2021.0014

Ilyasu, Z. A. (2010). Birth Preparedness, complication readiness and fathers' participation in maternity care in a nothern Nigerian Community. Afr J Reprod Health, 14(1), 21-32. doi:20695136

Kasagama, E. T. (2022). Factors associated with changes in adequate antenatal care visits among pregnant women aged 15-49 years in Tanzania from 2004 to 2016. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 22(18). Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-021-04350-y

Kaur, P. S. (2018). Descriptive statistics. Int J Acad Med, 60-63.

Kinoti, F. K. (2022). Male Partner Involvement in Antenatal Care at Selected Health Facilities in Embakasi South Sub County, Nairobi County, Kenya. International Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Research, 2(3). doi: http://doi.org/11.2022/1.1035

Kothari, C. (2004). Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques. 2nd Edition. New Delhi: New Age International Publishers.

Kurniati, A. C.-M.-J. (2017). Suami SIAGA: male engagement in maternal health in Indonesia. Health Policy and Planning, 32(8), 1203-1211.

Kwambai, T. D. (2013). Perspectives of men on antenatal and delivery care service utilisation in rural Western Kenya: a qualitative study. BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 13(1). doi: doi.org/10.1186/1471-2393-13-134

Lamb, M. E. (2013). The father's role: Cross cultural perspectives. Routledge.

Leahy-Warren, P. (2014). Social support theory. In J. J. Fitzpatrick & G. McCarthy (Eds.), Theories guiding nursing research and practice: Making nursing knowledge development explicit (pp. 85–101). Springer Publishing Company.

Lewis, S. L. (2015). The role of husbands in maternal health and safe children in rural Nepal. BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 15(1). doi: doi.org/10.1186/s12884-015-0599-8

Mamo, Z. K. (2021). Determinants of Male Partner Involvement during Antenatal Care among Pregnant Women in Gedeo Zone, South Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study. Annals of Global Health, 87(1). Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.5334/aogh.3003

Marshall, N. A. (2022). The importance of nutrition in pregnancy and lactation: lifelong consequences. American Journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 226(5), 607-632. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2021.12.035

Martin, L. T. (2007). The Effects of Father Involvement during Pregnancy on Receipt of Prenatal Care and Maternal Smoking. Maternal Child Health J, 595-602. doi: doi:10.1007/s10995-007-0209-0

Marzo, R. R. (2018). A study of involvement in maternal health by male counter-part in the family in Muar district. International Journal of Recent Scientific Research, 9(10), 29304-29307. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.24327/ijrsr.2018.0910.2834

Matseke, M. R. (2017). A Qualitative Exploration of the Meaning and Understanding of Male Partner Involvement in Pregnancy-Related Care among men in rural South Africa. Journal of social, behavioral and health sciences. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1269&context=jsbhs

Mbekenga, C. P. (2011). Informal support to first-parents after childbirth: a qualitative study in low-income suburbs of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2393-11-98

Moran, A. S. (2006). Birth-Preparedness for Maternal Health: Findings from Koupela District, Burkina Faso. J Health Popul Nutr, 24(4), 489-497.

Moshi, F. K. (2019). Using the Theory of Planned Behaviour to Describe Male Involvement Intention During Childbirth Among Expecting Couples in a Rural Setting: A Cross-Sectional Study from Rukwa Region, Southern Tanzania. E Afr Health Res J., 3(1), 31-41. doi: 10.24248/EAHRJ-D-18-00018

Mpembeni, R. K. (2007). Use Pattern of Maternal Health Services and Determinants of Skilled Care during Delivery in Southern Tanzania: Implications for Achievement of MDG-5 Targets. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 7(1).

Mugenda, A. &. (2003). Research methods: Quantitative and qualitative approaches. Nairobi, Kenya: Africa Centre for Technology Press.

Mugenda, O. &. (1999). Research Methods: A Quantitative and Qualitative Approach. Nairobi: ACTS press.

Mullick, S. K. (2005). Involving men in maternity care: health service delivery issues. Agenda: Special Focus: Gender, Culture and Rights (Special Issue), 125-135.

Mutiso, S. Q. (2008). Birth preparedness among antenatal clients. East Afr Med J, 85(6), 275-283.

NASCOP. (2016). Progress in Achieving Prevention from Mother to Child Transmission of HIV. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 14(297).

Natai, C. G. (2020). Association between Male Involvement during Antenatal Care and use of Maternal Health Services in Mwanza City, Northwestern Tanzania: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036211

Nsreen, H. L. (2012). Men's knowledge and awareness of maternal, neonatal and child health care in rural Bangladesh: a comparative cross-sectional study. Reproductive health, 9(1). doi: doi.org/10.1186/1742-4755-9-18

Nyang'au, R. A. (2021). Male partner involvement in promoting antenatal care and skilled delivery attendance in Bumula Sub-County, Kenya. European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 3(5), 43-51. doi:10.24018/ejmed.2021.3.5.978

Ogula, P. (2005). Research Methods. Nairobi: Catholic University of Eastern Africa Publications.

Olugbenga-Bello, A. A.-O. (2013). Perception, attitude and involvement of men in maternal health care in a Nigerian community. J Public Health Epidemiol, 5(6), 262-270. doi:10.5897/JPHE2013.0505

Omolola, A. O. (2022). Male Participation in Antenatal Care and its Effect on Pregnancy. Journal of Health Care Communications, 7(6), 51-54.

Ongeso, A. (2018). Factors Influencing Male Involvement in Antenatal Care Among Clients Attending Antenatal Clinic: A Case of Kenyatta National Hospital, Kenya. Int. J. of Adv. Res., 72-82.

Onyango, M. A. (2010). Factors that influence male involvement in sexual and reproductive health in Western Kenya: A Qualitative study. African Journal of Reproductive Health, 14(4). Retrieved from https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajrh/article/view/67831

Orodho, A. (2003). Essentials of educational and social sciences research method. Nairobi: Masola Publishers.

Rahman, A. E. (2018). Knowledge and involvement of husbands in maternal and newborn health in rural Bangladesh. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 18(1), 1-2.

Rumaseuw, R. B. (2018). Factors Affecting Husband Participation in Antenatal Care Attendance and Delivery. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 116, 1-9.

Shajahan, M. M. (2013). Determinants of male participation in reproductive healthcare services: a cross-sectional study. Reproductive Health, 10(1), 1-6.

Shamanewadi, A. N. (2020). Level of awareness of risk factors and danger signs of pregnancy among pregnant women attending antenatal care in PHC, Nandagudi. Journal of family medicine and primary care, 9(9), 4717-4722. doi: https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_743_20

Shu-YaYang, S.-J. Y.-Y.-P.-T.-H. (2020). Effects of Exercise on Sleep Quality in Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Asian Nursing Research, 14(1), 1-10. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2020.01.003

Sommestad, T. K. (2015). The sufficiency of the theory of planned behavior for explaining information security policy compliance. Inf Comp Secur., 23(3), 200-217.

Theuring, S. J. (2016). Increasing partner attendance in antenatal care and HIV testing services: comparable outcomes using written versus verbal invitations in an urban facility-based controlled intervention trial in Mbeya, Tanzania. PloS one, 11(4). doi doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0152734

Tweheyo, R. K.-L. (2010). Male partner attendance of skilled antenatal care in peri-urban Gulu district, Northern Uganda. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 10, Article number: 53. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2393-10-53

United Nations Development Program, U. (2012). Sustainable energy for all - A brief guide to advocacy planning. NY, USA: UNDP.

Vermeulen, E. M. (2016). Opportunities for male involvement during pregnancy in Magu district, rural Tanzania. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-016-0853-8

Veruswati, M. A. (2020). Perceived community support about the implementation of a smoke-free environment and regional regulations in the Tegal municipality. Family Medicine & Primary Care Review, 22(3), 222-227.

Wai K. M., S. A. (2016). Are Husbands Involving in Their Spouses' Utilization of Maternal Care Services?: A Cross-Sectional Study in Yangon, Myanmar. PLOS ONE, 11(3). Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0151295

Walston, N. (2015). Challenges and opportunities for male involvement in reproductive health in Cambodia. Futures Group POLICY project.

World Health Organization (2007). Maternal mortality in 2005: estimates developed by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA and The World Bank. Retrieved from https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/43807

World Health Organization (2020). Kenya Progress Report on Health and Health-Related SDG'S 2019/2020. World Health Organization.

Yargawa, J. et al. (2015). Male involvement and maternal health outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Epidemiol Community Health, 69(6), 604-612.

Younas, M. P.-A. (2020). Male partners' knowledge and practices of antenatal care in district Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, 8(1), 2005-2015. doi: 10.22038/jmrh.2019.33935.1369.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejphs.v6i1.141

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2023 Jacqueline L. Odawa, Patrick Lomadi, Daisy Chebet Korir, Leonard Lomada, Alda Ntipiyan Potipa, Risper Nyambeki Mauti, Evaline N. Lenaigwanai, Fredrick K. Lagat

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Copyright © 2019 - 2023. European Journal of Public Health Studies (ISSN 2668-1056/ISSN-L 2668-1056) is a registered trademark of Open Access Publishing Group. All rights reserved.

This journal is a serial publication uniquely identified by an International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) serial number certificate issued by Romanian National Library. All the research works are uniquely identified by a CrossRef DOI digital object identifier supplied by indexing and repository platforms. All the research works published on this journal are meeting the Open Access Publishing requirements and standards formulated by Budapest Open Access Initiative (2002), the Bethesda Statement on Open Access Publishing (2003) and Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities (2003) and can be freely accessed, shared, modified, distributed and used in educational, commercial and non-commercial purposes under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Copyrights of the published research works are retained by authors.