EFFECT OF CARDIO EXERCISES ON THE HORMONE IRISIN CUMULATIVE BLOOD SUGAR AND BODY MASS INDEX AMONG RETIRED ATHLETES

Muthana Layth Hatem, Mustafa Ghasib Abdulzahra

Abstract


The study aimed to identify the effect of high-intensity cardio exercise on the hormone iricin, cumulative sugar and body mass index among the research sample members. The researchers adopted the experimental approach for its suitability and the nature of the research phenomenon to be studied. They identified their research population in a deliberate way, namely the retired football players over the age of (40) years and the number of (15) retired players. The researchers concluded that cardio exercises raised the level of erycine measurements and the active cycle of metabolism and reduced the level of cumulative glucose measurement; there was an improvement in body mass index and a decrease due to the effect of cardio exercises.

 

Article visualizations:

Hit counter


Keywords


cardio exercises, hormone irisin, cumulative blood sugar, body mass index

Full Text:

PDF

References


Anna K Jansson, Li X Chan, David R Lubans, et al. Effect of resistance training on HbA1c in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus and the moderating effect of changes in muscular strength: a systematic review and meta-analysis, BMJ Open Diab Res Care, 10, 2022, e002595.

Arhire LI, Mihalache L, Covasa M. Irisin: a hope in understanding and managing obesity and metabolic syndrome. Frontiers in endocrinology, 10, 2019, 524.

Arias-loste MT, Ranchal I, Romero-Gómez M, Crespo J. Irisin, a link among fatty liver disease, physical inactivity and insulin resistance. International journal of molecular sciences, 15(12), 2014, 23163-23178.

Aidan S. Three new players in energy regulation: preptin, adropin and irisin. Peptides. 56, 2014, 94–110.

Benham JL, Booth JE, Dunbar MJ, et al. Significant dose-response between exercise adherence and hemoglobin A1c change. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 52, 2020, 1960-1965.

Bostrom P, Wu J, Jedrychowski MP, Korde A, Ye L, Lo JC, Rasbach KA, Bostrom EA, Choi JH, et al. A PGC1-a-dependent myokine that drives brown-fat-like development of white fat and thermogenesis. Nature, 481, 2012, 463–468.

Bostrom PA, Fernandez-Real JM, Mantzoros C. Irisin in humans: recent advances and questions for future research. Metabolism, 63, 2014, 178-180.

Brenmoehl J, Albrecht E, Komolka K, et al. Irisin is elevated in skeletal muscle and serum of mice immediately after acute exercise. Int J Biol Sci. 10, 2014, 338–349.

Castillo-Quan, J.I. From white to brown fat through the PGC-1α-dependent myokine irisin: implications for diabetes and obesity. Dis. Model. Mech. 5(3), 2012, 293–295.

Chen, N., Li, Q., Liu, J., Jia, S. Irisin, an exercise-induced myokine as a metabolic regulator: an updated narrative review. Diabetes applied. Res. Rev. 32(1), 2016, 51–59.

Crujeiras AB, Pardo M, Arturo R, et al. Longitudinal variation of circulating irisin after an energy restriction-induced weight loss and following weight regain in obese men and women. Am J Hum Biol. 26, 2014, 198–207.

Dennis Löffler, Ulrike Müller, Kathrin Scheuermann, Daniela Friebe, Julia Gesing, et al, Serum Irisin Levels Are Regulated by Acute Strenuous Exercise, Copyright by the Endocrine Society, 100(4): 2015, 1289–1299.

Dianatinsab A, Koroni R, Bahramian M, Bagheri-Hosseinabadi Z, et al. The effects of aerobic, resistance, and combined exercises on the plasma irisin levels, HOMA-IR, and lipid profiles in women with metabolic syndrome: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness, 18(3), 2020, 168-176.

Dunstan DW, Vulikh E, Owen N, et al. Community Center-Based resistance training for the maintenance of glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care, 29, 2006, 2586–91.

Håvard Nygaard, Gunnar Slettaløkken, Geir Vegge, Ivana Hollan, Jon Elling Whist, Tor Strand, Bent R. Rønnestad, Stian Ellefsen, Irisin in Blood Increases Transiently after Single Sessions of Intense Endurance Exercise and Heavy Strength Training, journal.pone, 10.1371, 2015, 1-12.

Huh JY, Panagiotou G, Mougios V, Brinkoetter M, Vamvini MT, Schneider BE, et al. FNDC5 and irisin in humans: I. Predictors of circulating concentrations in serum and plasma and II. mRNA expression and circulating concentrations in response to weight loss and exercise. Metabolism. 61(17), 2012, 25–38.

Irving BA, Davis CK, Brock DW, Weltman JY, Swift D, Barrett EJ, et al. Effect of exercise training intensity on abdominal visceral fat and body composition. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 40, 2008, 1863–1872.

Ishiguro H, Kodama S, Horikawa C, et al. In search of the ideal resistance training program to improve glycemic control and its indication for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Med, 46, 2016, 67–77.

Jedrychowski MP, Wrann CD, Paulo JA, Gerber KK, Szpyt J, Robinson MM, et al. Detection and quantitation of circulating human irisin by tandem mass spectrometry. Cell metabolism, 22(4), 2015, 734-740.

Ji-Hyeon Kim, Do-Yeon Kim, Aquarobic exercises improve the serum blood irisin and brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in elderly women, Experimental Gerontology, 104, 2018, 60–65.

Jose ́ María Moreno-Navarrete, Francisco Ortega, Marta Serrano, et al. Irisin is expressed and produced by human muscle and adipose tissue in association with obesity and insulin resistance. J clin endocrinol meta, advances in genetics—endocrine research, j clin endocrinol metab, April, 98(4), 2013, E769 –E778

Kim, H.J., So, B., Choi, M., Kang, D., Song, W. Resistance exercise training increases the expression of irisin concomitant with improvement of muscle function in aging mice and humans. Exp. Gerontol. 70 2015, 11–17.

Kraemer RR, Shockett P, Webb ND, Shah U, Castracane VD. A transient elevated irisin blood concentration in response to prolonged, moderate aerobic exercise in young men and women. Horem Mtab Res, 46, 2014, 150–154.

Kurdiova T, Balaz M, Mayer A, Maderova D, Belan V, Wolfrum C, et al. Exercise- mimicking treatment fails to increase Fndc5 mRNA and irisin secretion in primary human myotubes. Peptides, 56, 2014, 1-7.

Kuster, O.C., Laptinskaya, D., Fissler, P., Schnack, C., Zugel, M., et al. Novel blood-based biomarkers of cognition, stress, and physical or cognitive training in older adults at risk of dementia: preliminary evidence for a role of BDNF, Irisin, and the kynurenine pathway. J. Alzheimers Dis. 59(3), 2017, 1097–1111.

Lawson EA, Ackerman KE, Slattery M, et al. Oxytocin secretion is related to measures of energy homeostasis in young amenorrheic athletes. C Clin Endocrinol metab. 99, 2014, E881–E885.

Liu Y, Ye W, Chen Q, et al. Resistance exercise intensity is correlated with attenuation of HbA1c and insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2019, 16.

Loffler D, Muller U, Scheuermann K, Friebe D, Gesing J, Bielitz J, et al. Serum irisin levels are regulated by acute strenuous exercise. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. 100(4), 2015, 1289.

Mahzad Sanayei, Fatimah Hajizadeh-Sharafabad, et al. High-intensity interval training with or without chlorella vulgaris supplementation in obese and overweight women: effects on mitochondrial biogenesis, performance and body composition, British Journal of Nutrition, 128, 2022, 200–210

Moreno-Navarrete JM, Ortega F, Serrano M, Guerra E, Pardo G, Tinahones F, et al. Irisin is expressed and produced by human muscle and adipose tissue in association with obesity and insulin resistance. C Clin Endocrinol metab. 98, 2013, E769–778.

Muaz Belviranli, Nilsel Okudan, Banu Kabak, MuratErdo ğan & Muharrem Karanfilci, the relationship between brain-derived neurotrophic factor, irisin and cognitive skills of endurance athletes, The Physician and Sportsmedicine, 44(3), 2016, 290–296

Nathan C. Winn, Zachary I. Grunewald, Ying Liu, Timothy D. Heden, Lauren M. Nyhoff, Jill A. Kanaley, Plasma Irisin Modestly Increases during Moderate and High-Intensity Afternoon Exercise in Obese Females, PLOS ONE, 10.1371, 2017, 1-12.

Ng CLW, Goh S-Y, Malhotra R, et al. Minimal difference between aerobic and progressive resistance exercise on metabolic profile and fitness in older adults with diabetes mellitus: a randomised trial. JPhysiother, 56, 2010, 163–70.

Norheim F, Langleite TM, Hjorth M, et al. The effects of acute and chronic exercise on PGC-1alpha, irisin and browning of subcutaneous adipose tissue in humans. FEBS J, 281, 2014, 739–749.

Nygaard H, Slettalokken G, Vegge G, Hollan I, Whist JE, Strand Tor, et al. Irisin in blood increases transiently after single sessions of intense endurance exercise and heavy strength training. Plos One, 10(3), 2015, e0121367.

P.S. Rejeki, A. Pranoto, R.E. Prasetya and S. Sugiharto, Irisin serum increasing pattern is higher at moderate-intensity continuous exercise than at moderate-intensity interval exercise in obese females, Wageningen Academic Publishers, Journal CEP, 10, 2021, 3920.

Pardo M, Crujeiras AB, Amil M, Aguera Z, Jimenez-Murcia S, Banos R, et al. Association of irisin with fat mass, resting energy expenditure, and daily activity in conditions of extreme body mass index. International journal of endocrinology. 2014, 857270.

Park KH, Zaichenko L, Peter P, Davis CR, Crowell JA, Mantzoros CS. Diet quality is associated with circulating C-reactive protein but not irisin levels in humans. Metab Clin Exp. 63, 2014, 233–241.

Phillips C, Baktir MA, Srivatsan M, et al. Neuroprotective effects of physical activity on the brain: a closer look at trophic factor signaling. Front Cell Neurosci. 20(8), 2014, 170.

Polyzos SA, Kountouras J, Shields K & Mantzoros CS. Irisin: a renaissance in metabolism? Metabolism, 62, 2013, 1037–1044.

R. R. Kraemer, P. Shockett, N. D. Webb, U. Shah, V. D. Castracane, A Transient Elevated Irisin Blood Concentration in Response to Prolonged, Moderate Aerobic Exercise in Young Men and Women, Humans, Clinical, 46: 2014, 150–154

Roca-Rivada A, Castelao C, Senin LL, Landrove MO, Baltar J, Belén Crujeiras A, et al. FNDC5/irisin is not only a myokine but also an adipokine. PLoS One. 8, 2013, e60563.

Sanchis-Gomar, F., Perez-Quilis, C. The p38–PGC-1α–irisin–betatrophin axis: exploring new pathways in insulin resistance. Adipocytes, 3(1), 2014, 67–68.

Seda Uğraş, Oğuz Özçelik, Impact of exercise induced skeletal muscle strain on energy regulatory hormones of irisin and nesfatin-1 in sedentary males, Turk hij den biyol derg, 77(2), 2020, 227-232.

Seo DY, Kwak HB, Lee SR, Cho YS, Song IS, Kim N, et al. Effects of aged garlic extract and endurance exercise on skeletal muscle FNDC-5 and circulating irisin in high-fat-diet rat models. Nutr Res Pract. 8, 2014, 177–82.

Sillanpaa E, Laaksonen DE, Hakkinen A, Karavirta L, Jensen B, Kraemer WJ, et al. Body composition, fitness, and metabolic health during strength and endurance training and their combination in middle-aged and older women. Eur J Apple Physiol. 106, 2009, 285–296.

Stella S Daskalopoulou, Alexandra B Cooke, Yessica-Haydee Gomez, et al. Plasma irisin levels progressively increase in response to increasing exercise workloads in young, healthy, active subjects, European Journal of Endocrinology, 2014 171:3, 343–352.

Stengel A, Hofmann T, Goebel-Stengel M, Elbelt U, Kobelt P & Klapp BF. Circulating levels of irisin in patients with anorexia nervosa and different stages of obesity – correlation with body mass index. Peptides, 39, 2013, 125–130.

Stengel A, Tache Y. Nesfatin-1-a-role as possible new potent regulator of food intake. Regul Pept, 163(1-3), 2010, 18-3.

Swick AG, Orena S & O'Connor A. Irisin levels correlate with energy expenditure in a subgroup of humans with energy expenditure greater than predicted by fat free mass. Metabolism, 62, 2013, 1070–1073.

Szuhany KL, Bugatti M, Otto MW. A meta-analytic review of the effects of exercise on brain-derived neurotrophic factor. J Psychiatr Res. 60, 2015, 56-64.

Timmons JA, Baar K, Davidsen PK, Atherton PJ: Is irisin a human exercise gene? Nature 488, 2012, E9-E10.

Tsuchiya Y, Ando D, Goto K, Kiuchi M, Yamakita M, Koyama K. High-intensity exercise causes greater irisin response compared with low-intensity exercise under similar energy consumption. Tohoku J Exp Med, 233, 2014, 135–40.

Wrann CD, White JP, Salogiannnis J, et al. Exercise induces hippocampal BDNF through a PGC-1a/FNDC5 pathway. Cell Metab, 18, 2013, 649-659.

Wu J, Zhang YB. Mechanism of PGC-1α and Irisin on the treatment of obesity through exercise. Chem Life, 32, 2012, 442.

Yan B, Shi X, Zhang H, Pan L, Ma Z, Liu S, et al. Association of serum irisin with metabolic syndrome in obese Chinese adults. PLoS One. 9, 2014, e94235.

Yazgaldi Nazari, Araz Nazari, Investigating the Changes of Irisin and Brain-derived neurotrophic factor Levels due to the Combined Training, Journal of Applied Health Studies in Sport Physiology, 4(2), 2019, 10-17.

Yazgaldi Nazari, Masoud Nikbakht, Abdolhamid Habibi, An Investigation into Irisin Levels: Acute and Chronic Effects of Combined Training and Its Association with Anthropometric Variables in Overweight Men, Journal of Chemical Health Risks, 7(3), 2017, 171–179.

Young Huh J, Siopi A, Mougios V, Hee Park K, Mantzoros CS. Irisin in response to exercise in humans with and without metabolic syndrome. JClin Endocrinol Metab. 100, 2015, E453–7.

Yun Lu, Hongwei Li, Shi-Wei Shen, Zhen-Hai Shen, Ming Xu, et al, Swimming exercise increases serum irisin level and reduces body fat mass in high fat-diet fed Wistar rats, Lipids in Health and Disease, 15(93), 2016, 2-9.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejprs.v4i1.182

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2024 Muthana Layth Hatem, Mustafa Ghasib Abdulzahra

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Copyright © 2020 - 2023. European Journal of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Studies (ISSN 2668-9758, ISSN-l 2668-9758) is a registered trademark of Open Access Publishing Group. All rights reserved.

This journal is a serial publication uniquely identified by an International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) serial number certificate issued by Romanian National Library. All the research works are uniquely identified by a CrossRef DOI digital object identifier supplied by indexing and repository platforms. All the research works published on this journal are meeting the Open Access Publishing requirements and standards formulated by Budapest Open Access Initiative (2002), the Bethesda Statement on Open Access Publishing (2003) and Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities (2003) and can be freely accessed, shared, modified, distributed and used in educational, commercial and non-commercial purposes under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Copyrights of the published research works are retained by authors.