MIGRATION, IDENTITY AND RECONSTRUCTION OF FEMALE MIGRANTS’ EXPERIENCES IN CHIKA UNIGWE’S BETTER NEVER THAN LATE

Kufre A. Akpan, Monica Udoette

Abstract


This paper interrogates migration, identity and the nuances of female migrants’ experiences in Chika Unigwe’s Better Never than Late. The paper notes that, although women seem to have dominated the global migration flow, migration has mostly been considered from an overwhelmingly male perspective, perhaps, due to the male predominance in the process. This development, most often, creates complexes that diminish the identity and self-worth of women in their destination countries. It also leads to some misrepresentations and erroneous portrayal of migrant women in some literary and critical discourses on migration. Against this backdrop, this paper attempts a deconstruction and reconstruction of this perception and establishes that women, like men, are also active participants in the migration process and not merely appendages of male migrants. The paper adopts Post-colonial Feminist theory as its theoretical position and, through analysis of some extrapolations in some selected stories in Unigwe’s text mentioned above, the paper reveals that, given their multifaceted roles, women contribute immensely to the economic development of their countries of destination, through their competencies and skills. The paper concludes on an appeal note, that countries should evolve legal instruments that promote the rights of migrant women.

 

Article visualizations:

Hit counter


Keywords


migration, identity, women, experiences, reconstruction

Full Text:

PDF

References


Achebe, Chinua. Things Fall Apart. Heinemann, 1956.

Adichie, Chimamanda Ngozi. Americanah. Fourth Estate, 2013.

Adeyanju, Charles and Temitope Oriola. “Colonialism and contemporary African migration: A phenomenological approach”. Journal of Black Studies. Vol. 42, No.6, 2011. PP: 943-967

Adesanmi, Pius and Dunton, Chris. “Nigeria’s Third Generation Writing: Historiography and Preliminary Theoretical Considerations”. English in Africa. Vol. 32. No.1, 2005. PP: 7-19.

Affiah, Uwem, David Udoinwang Offiong Amaku. “Enriching African Literary Drama with the Creative Technicality of Indigenous Story Performance Approach: The Example of Femi Osofisan”. European Journal of Literature, Language and Linguistics Studies. Vol.6, Issue 3, 2023. PP: 12-27.

Affiah, Uwem, Offiong Ene Amaku and Kufre Akpan. “The Centrality of the Narrative Storytelling Performance Strategy in Sam Ukala’s Ideological Framework”. European Journal of Literary Studies. Vol. 4, Issue 1, 2023, PP: 63-81.

Ajayi, Adedeji. “Of Race, Reasons and Realities: ‘Americanah,’ by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie.Academia.edu, 2014, www.academia.edu/7167954/Review of Americanah by Chimamanda Ngozi_Adichie. Accessed 14/3/ 2022.

Akpan, Kufre and Isonguyo Akpan. “Cultural Matrixes, Trauma and Female Voices in Yejide Kilanko’s Novels”. Voices: A Journal of English Studies. Vol.7, 2022. PP: 29-38.

Baingana, Doreen. Tropical Fish. Oshun Books, 2005.

Bulawayo, NoVoilet. We need new names. Little, Brown and Company, 2013.

Brobbey, Gideon. Disillusionment and Survival in African Migration Literature: A Study of Okey Ndibe’s Foreign gods, Inc. and Unoma Azuah’s Edible Bones. An Unpublished Dissertation to the Department of English, University of Ghana.

Chepkorir, Margaret. “Representation Of Female African Immigrant Experience in The West: A Case Study of Chimamanda Adichie’s Americanah”. M. A. Thesis. University of Nairobi, 2014.

Chukwuma, Helen. Accents in the African Novel. Pearl Publishers, 2003.

Dinesh, Bhugra and Oyedeji Ayonrinde. “Depression in Migrants and Ethnic Minorities” Advances in Psychiatric Treatment.Vol.10. 2004. PP:13–17.

Dick, Angela. “Migration, Identities and Human Rights Representation in African Literature: Re-Reading Adichie’s Americanah. English Linguistic Research. Vol.8, No 3, 2019. PP: 21-24.

Frank, Soren. Migration and Literature: Günter Grass, Milan Kundera, Salman Rushdie, and Jan Kjærstad. Springer, 2008.

Ladele, Omolola and Adesunmbo Omotayo. “Migration and Identities in Chika Unigwe’s Novels”. Studies in Literature and Language. Vol.14, No.3, 2017, PP: 52-57.

Matthew, Omede. “Migration and Displacement in African Literature: A Postcolonial Study of Segun Afolabi’s A Life Elsewhere and Adichie Chimamanda’s Americanah”. An Unpublished Master’s Degree Dissertation Submitted to the Department of English and Literary Studies, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.

Matthew, Solomon. “Migration and Displacement in African Literature: A Postcolonial Study of Segun Afolabi’s a Life Elsewhere and Adichie Chimamanda’s Americanah.” An Unpublished Masters Degree Thesis, Submitted to the Department of English and Literary Studies, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.

McAuliffe, Marie and Martin Ruhs. World Migration Report. International Organization for Migration, 2018.

Ngwira, Emmanuel Mzomera. "Writing Marginality: History, Authorship and Gender in the Fiction of Zoë Wicomb and Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie." A PhD Dissertation. Stellenbosch University, 2013.

Ojaide, Tanure. “Migration, globalization, & recent African literature”. World Literature Today, Vol. 82, No.2, 2008. PP: 43- 46.

Okereke, Grace. “African Feminist Dialogics: Gender and Multi-Dimensional Politics in Selected African Novels”. Currents in African Literature and the English Language. (CALEL). Vol. 6, 2014. PP: 19-36.

Okpeyemi, Ajibola. “Representation of Female Migrants in Selected Nigerian Migrant Narratives”. Literary and Linguistic Perspectives on Orality, Literacy and Gender Studies.

Okpiliya, James and Kufre Akpan. “Fundamentalism, Terror and Discourse of Wantonness in Obinna Udenwe’s Satans & Shaitans and Helon Habila’s The Chibok Girls”. International Journal of Language and Literature. Vol. 8, No.1, 2020. PP: 50-57.

Onyerionwu, Ezechi. New Nigerian ‘Transatlantic’ Novel and Sex Trade Narrative in Bisi Ojediran’s A Daughter for Sale – Part 1. The Guardian. Oct.2, 2016.

Peterson, Kirsten & Anna Rutherford Anna. A Double Colonization: Colonial and Post-Colonial Women's Writing. Dangaroo Press, 1986.

Rosen, Judith. “Close to Home: NoViolet Bulawayo.” Publishers’ Weekly vol. 260, no. 13,

, pp.35-36. www.publishersweekly.com/pw/bytopic/authors/profiles/article/56583-close-to-home-noviolet-bulawayo.html.

Spencer, Lynda. "Writing Women in Uganda and South Africa: Emerging Writers from Post-repressive Regimes." A PhD dissertation. Stellenbosch University, 2014.

Tejero, Antonia. Postcolonial Feminism: Teaching How to Avoid Prejudices About Muslim Women in an ESL Classroom. http://hdl.handle.net/10396/14873

Tyagi, Ritu. “Understanding Postcolonial Feminism in Relation with Postcolonial and Feminist Theories”. International Journal of Language and Linguistics. Vol.1, No 2, 2014. PP: 45-50.

Udoette, Monica. “Female Consciousness in Alice Walker’s The Color Purple. International Journal on Studies in English Language and Literature (IJSELL). Volume 2, Issue 5, 2014. PP: 74-80

Udoette, Monica and Kufre Akpan. “Gender Roles, Women and the Politics of Becoming in Abimbola Adelakun’s Under the Brown Rusted Roof. European Journal of Literature, Language and Linguistics Studies. Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2023. PP: 55-66.

Uniqwe, Ckika. The Phoenix. Farafina, 2007.

… On Black Sisters’ Street. Vintage Books, 2009.

… Better Never Than Late. Cassava Republic Press, 2019.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs: A Division for Advancement of Women. “Women and International Migration”. World Survey, 2004.

United Nations Human Rights Commission (2002). Accessed July 4, 2022.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejls.v4i2.453

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

The research works published in this journal are free to be accessed. They can be shared (copied and redistributed in any medium or format) and\or adapted (remixed, transformed, and built upon the material for any purpose, commercially and\or not commercially) under the following terms: attribution (appropriate credit must be given indicating original authors, research work name and publication name mentioning if changes were made) and without adding additional restrictions (without restricting others from doing anything the actual license permits). Authors retain the full copyright of their published research works and cannot revoke these freedoms as long as the license terms are followed.

Copyright © 2018-2023. European Journal of Literary Studies (ISSN 2601-971X / ISSN-L 2601-971X). All rights reserved.


This journal is a serial publication uniquely identified by an International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) serial number certificate issued by Romanian National Library. All the research works are uniquely identified by a CrossRef DOI digital object identifier supplied by indexing and repository platforms. All the research works published on this journal are meeting the Open Access Publishing requirements and standards formulated by Budapest Open Access Initiative (2002), the Bethesda Statement on Open Access Publishing (2003) and Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities (2003) and can be freely accessed, shared, modified, distributed and used in educational, commercial and non-commercial purposes under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Copyrights of the published research works are retained by authors.