ASSESSING THE ROLE OF INTERNAL AUDIT IN PROCUREMENT PROCESSES AND PROCEDURES: A CASE STUDY OF THE NATIONAL REVENUE AUTHORITY IN SIERRA LEONE

Harry Samuels, Santigie Abu Kamara, Fuhad Ahmed Mohamed Bangura

Abstract


In the framework of procurement practices and procedures within the National Revenue Authority (NRA) of Sierra Leone, this case study explores the critical function of internal audit. The aim of this article is to evaluate how the internal audit function ensures accountability, openness, and efficiency in the organization's procurement processes. Since the procurement process involves the acquisition of products and services and works to support organizational objectives, it is essential to the successful operation of public bodies. Nonetheless, it is vulnerable to a number of dangers, including mismanagement, fraud, corruption, and regulatory noncompliance. An essential oversight tool for reducing these risks and improving the procurement process's general integrity is internal audit. This study uses a qualitative research methodology, collecting data through observations, document analysis, and interviews. The results show that the NRA of Sierra Leone's internal audit division significantly contributes to the advancement of accountability, openness, and effectiveness in procurement operations. In order to make sure that procurement practices and procedures comply with applicable laws, rules, and corporate policies, the internal audit department regularly audits them. Additionally, the internal auditors offer insightful analysis and helpful suggestions to strengthen internal control frameworks, optimize procurement procedures, and reduce risks related to the process. By participating in pre- and post-procurement activities, they assist in spotting and resolving possible irregularities, protecting the company's assets and good name. The study did identify several difficulties, though, such as a lack of funding, inadequate training for internal auditors on procurement-related topics, and the requirement for improved cooperation between the internal audit function and other procurement-related departments.

ÉVALUATION DU RÔLE DE L'AUDIT INTERNE DANS LES PROCESSUS ET PROCÉDURES D'APPROVISIONNEMENT : UNE ÉTUDE DE CAS DE L'AUTORITÉ NATIONALE DE REVENUS EN SIERRA LEONE
Dans le cadre des pratiques et procédures d'approvisionnement au sein de l'Autorité nationale des revenus (ANR) de Sierra Leone, cette étude de cas explore la fonction critique de l'audit interne. L'objectif de cet article est d'évaluer comment la fonction d'audit interne assure la responsabilité, l'ouverture et l'efficacité dans les processus d'approvisionnement de l'organisation. Étant donné que le processus d'approvisionnement implique l'acquisition de produits et de services et vise à soutenir les objectifs organisationnels, il est essentiel au bon fonctionnement des organismes publics. Néanmoins, il est vulnérable à plusieurs dangers, notamment la mauvaise gestion, la fraude, la corruption et la non-conformité réglementaire. Un outil de surveillance essentiel pour réduire ces risques et améliorer l'intégrité générale du processus d'approvisionnement est l'audit interne. Cette étude utilise une méthodologie de recherche qualitative, collectant des données par des observations, une analyse de documents et des entretiens. Les résultats montrent que la division d'audit interne de l'ANR de Sierra Leone contribue de manière significative à l'avancement de la responsabilité, de l'ouverture et de l'efficacité dans les opérations d'approvisionnement. Afin de s'assurer que les pratiques et procédures d'approvisionnement sont conformes aux lois, règles et politiques d'entreprise applicables, le département d'audit interne les audite régulièrement. De plus, les auditeurs internes offrent une analyse perspicace et des suggestions utiles pour renforcer les cadres de contrôle interne, optimiser les procédures d'approvisionnement et réduire les risques liés au processus. En participant aux activités pré et post-approvisionnement, ils contribuent à repérer et à résoudre d'éventuelles irrégularités, protégeant ainsi les actifs et la réputation de l'entreprise. L'étude a cependant identifié plusieurs difficultés, telles qu'un manque de financement, une formation inadéquate des auditeurs internes sur les sujets liés à l'approvisionnement et la nécessité d'une meilleure coopération entre la fonction d'audit interne et les autres départements liés à l'approvisionnement.

VALUTAZIONE DEL RUOLO DELLA REVISIONE INTERNA NEI PROCESSI E PROCEDURE DI ACQUISTO: UNO STUDIO DI CASO DELL'AUTORITÀ DELLE ENTRATE NAZIONALI IN SIERRA LEONE
Nel quadro delle pratiche e procedure di acquisto all'interno dell'Autorità delle Entrate Nazionali (NRA) della Sierra Leone, questo studio di caso esplora la funzione critica della revisione interna. Lo scopo di questo articolo è valutare come la funzione di revisione interna garantisca la responsabilità, l'apertura e l'efficienza nei processi di acquisto dell'organizzazione. Poiché il processo di acquisto coinvolge l'acquisizione di prodotti e servizi e mira a sostenere gli obiettivi organizzativi, è essenziale per il corretto funzionamento degli enti pubblici. Tuttavia, è vulnerabile a diversi pericoli, tra cui cattiva gestione, frode, corruzione e non conformità normativa. Uno strumento di supervisione essenziale per ridurre questi rischi e migliorare l'integrità generale del processo di acquisto è la revisione interna. Questo studio utilizza una metodologia di ricerca qualitativa, raccogliendo dati attraverso osservazioni, analisi documentale e interviste. I risultati mostrano che la divisione di revisione interna della NRA della Sierra Leone contribuisce significativamente all'avanzamento della responsabilità, dell'apertura e dell'efficacia nelle operazioni di acquisto. Per garantire che le pratiche e le procedure di acquisto siano conformi alle leggi, regolamenti e politiche aziendali applicabili, il dipartimento di revisione interna le sottopone regolarmente a verifica. Inoltre, i revisori interni offrono un'analisi approfondita e suggerimenti utili per rafforzare i quadri di controllo interno, ottimizzare le procedure di acquisto e ridurre i rischi connessi al processo. Partecipando alle attività pre e post-acquisto, contribuiscono a individuare e risolvere eventuali irregolarità, proteggendo così gli asset e la reputazione dell'azienda. Lo studio ha identificato tuttavia diverse difficoltà, come la mancanza di finanziamenti, una formazione inadeguata dei revisori interni su argomenti correlati agli acquisti e la necessità di una migliore cooperazione tra la funzione di revisione interna e altri dipartimenti correlati agli acquisti.

EVALUACIÓN DEL PAPEL DE LA AUDITORÍA INTERNA EN LOS PROCESOS Y PROCEDIMIENTOS DE ADQUISICIÓN: UN ESTUDIO DE CASO DE LA AUTORIDAD DE INGRESOS NACIONALES EN SIERRA LEONA
En el marco de las prácticas y procedimientos de adquisición dentro de la Autoridad de Ingresos Nacionales (NRA) de Sierra Leona, este estudio de caso explora la función crítica de la auditoría interna. El objetivo de este artículo es evaluar cómo la función de auditoría interna garantiza la responsabilidad, la transparencia y la eficiencia en los procesos de adquisición de la organización. Dado que el proceso de adquisición implica la adquisición de productos y servicios y trabaja para apoyar los objetivos organizacionales, es esencial para el funcionamiento exitoso de los organismos públicos. No obstante, es vulnerable a varios peligros, incluida la mala gestión, el fraude, la corrupción y el incumplimiento normativo. Una herramienta de supervisión esencial para reducir estos riesgos y mejorar la integridad general del proceso de adquisición es la auditoría interna. Este estudio utiliza una metodología de investigación cualitativa, recopilando datos a través de observaciones, análisis de documentos y entrevistas. Los resultados muestran que la división de auditoría interna de la NRA de Sierra Leona contribuye significativamente al avance de la responsabilidad, la transparencia y la eficacia en las operaciones de adquisición. Para asegurarse de que las prácticas y procedimientos de adquisición cumplan con las leyes, reglas y políticas corporativas aplicables, el departamento de auditoría interna las audita regularmente. Además, los auditores internos ofrecen un análisis perspicaz y sugerencias útiles para fortalecer los marcos de control interno, optimizar los procedimientos de adquisición y reducir los riesgos relacionados con el proceso. Al participar en actividades de pre y post-adquisición, ayudan a detectar y resolver posibles irregularidades, protegiendo los activos y el buen nombre de la empresa. El estudio identificó varias dificultades, como la falta de financiamiento, una capacitación inadecuada para los auditores internos en temas relacionados con la adquisición y la necesidad de una mejor cooperación entre la función de auditoría interna y otros departamentos relacionados con la adquisición.

AVALIAÇÃO DO PAPEL DA AUDITORIA INTERNA NOS PROCESSOS E PROCEDIMENTOS DE AQUISIÇÃO: UM ESTUDO DE CASO DA AUTORIDADE DE RECEITA NACIONAL DE SERRA LEONE
No contexto das práticas e procedimentos de aquisição dentro da Autoridade de Receita Nacional (NRA) de Serra Leoa, este estudo de caso explora a função crítica da auditoria interna. O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar como a função de auditoria interna garante responsabilidade, transparência e eficiência nos processos de aquisição da organização. Uma vez que o processo de aquisição envolve a aquisição de produtos e serviços e trabalha para apoiar os objetivos organizacionais, é essencial para o funcionamento bem-sucedido de organismos públicos. No entanto, é vulnerável a vários perigos, incluindo má gestão, fraude, corrupção e não conformidade regulatória. Uma ferramenta de supervisão essencial para reduzir esses riscos e melhorar a integridade geral do processo de aquisição é a auditoria interna. Este estudo utiliza uma metodologia de pesquisa qualitativa, coletando dados por meio de observações, análise de documentos e entrevistas. Os resultados mostram que a divisão de auditoria interna da NRA de Serra Leoa contribui significativamente para o avanço da responsabilidade, transparência e eficácia nas operações de aquisição. Para garantir que as práticas e procedimentos de aquisição estejam em conformidade com as leis, regras e políticas corporativas aplicáveis, o departamento de auditoria interna as audita regularmente. Além disso, os auditores internos oferecem análises perspicazes e sugestões úteis para fortalecer os frameworks de controle interno, otimizar os procedimentos de aquisição e reduzir os riscos relacionados ao processo. Ao participar das atividades pré e pós-aquisição, eles ajudam a detectar e resolver possíveis irregularidades, protegendo os ativos e a boa reputação da empresa. O estudo identificou várias dificuldades, como falta de financiamento, treinamento inadequado para auditores internos em tópicos relacionados à aquisição e a necessidade de uma melhor cooperação entre a função de auditoria interna e outros departamentos relacionados à aquisição.

ΑΞΙΟΛΟΓΗΣΗ ΤΟΥ ΡΟΛΟΥ ΤΟΥ ΕΣΩΤΕΡΙΚΟΥ ΕΛΕΓΧΟΥ ΣΤΙΣ ΔΙΑΔΙΚΑΣΙΕΣ ΚΑΙ ΤΙΣ ΔΙΑΔΙΚΑΣΙΕΣ ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΙΩΝ: ΜΙΑ ΜΕΛΕΤΗ ΠΕΡΙΠΤΩΣΗΣ ΤΗΣ ΕΘΝΙΚΗΣ ΑΡΧΗΣ ΕΣΟΔΩΝ ΤΗΣ ΣΙΕΡΑ ΛΕΟΝΕ
Στο πλαίσιο των πρακτικών και διαδικασιών προμήθειας εντός της Εθνικής Αρχής Εσόδων (NRA) της Σιέρα Λεόνε, αυτή η μελέτη περίπτωσης εξερευνά τον κρίσιμο ρόλο του εσωτερικού ελέγχου. Ο στόχος αυτού του άρθρου είναι να αξιολογήσει πώς η λειτουργία του εσωτερικού ελέγχου εξασφαλίζει την ευθύνη, τη διαφάνεια και την αποτελεσματικότητα στις διαδικασίες προμήθειας της οργάνωσης. Δεδομένου ότι η διαδικασία προμήθειας περιλαμβάνει την απόκτηση προϊόντων και υπηρεσιών και εργάζεται για την υποστήριξη των οργανωσιακών στόχων, είναι ουσιώδες για την επιτυχημένη λειτουργία δημόσιων φορέων. Ωστόσο, είναι ευάλωτο σε πολλούς κινδύνους, συμπεριλαμβανομένης της κακής διαχείρισης, της απάτης, της διαφθοράς και της μη συμμόρφωσης με τη νομοθεσία. Ένα κρίσιμο εργαλείο εποπτείας για τη μείωση αυτών των κινδύνων και τη βελτίωση της γενικής ακεραιότητας της διαδικασίας προμήθειας είναι ο εσωτερικός έλεγχος. Η μελέτη χρησιμοποιεί μια ποιοτική μεθοδολογία έρευνας, συλλέγοντας δεδομένα μέσω παρατηρήσεων, ανάλυσης εγγράφων και συνεντεύξεων. Τα αποτελέσματα δείχνουν ότι η διαίρεση εσωτερικού ελέγχου της NRA της Σιέρα Λεόνε συμβάλλει σημαντικά στην προαγωγή της ευθύνης, της διαφάνειας και της αποτελεσματικότητας στις λειτουργίες προμήθειας. Προκειμένου να εξασφαλίσει ότι οι πρακτικές και οι διαδικασίες προμήθειας συμμορφώνονται με τις ισχύουσες νομοθεσίες, κανόνες και εταιρικές πολιτικές, το τμήμα εσωτερικού ελέγχου τις ελέγχει τακτικά. Επιπλέον, οι εσωτερικοί ελεγκτές προσφέρουν εξυπνη ανάλυση και χρήσιμες προτάσεις για την ενίσχυση των εσωτερικών δομών ελέγχου, την βελτιστοποίηση των διαδικασιών προμήθειας και τη μείωση των κινδύνων που σχετίζονται με τη διαδικασία. Συμμετέχοντας σε δραστηριότητες προ-και μετά-προμήθειας, βοηθούν στον εντοπισμό και την επίλυση πιθανών ανωμαλιών, προστατεύοντας τα περιουσιακά στοιχεία και την καλή φήμη της εταιρείας. Η μελέτη εντόπισε ωστόσο αρκετές δυσκολίες, όπως έλλειψη χρηματοδότησης, ανεπαρκής εκπαίδευση για τους εσωτερικούς ελεγκτές σε θέματα που σχετίζονται με την προμήθεια και η ανάγκη βελτίωσης της συνεργασίας μεταξύ της λειτουργίας εσωτερικού ελέγχου και άλλων τμημάτων που σχετίζονται με την προμήθεια.


JEL: H83, M42, H57, K42, D30

 

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Keywords


National Revenue Authority, Sierra Leone, procurement, auditing, processing, procedures

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejefr.v8i3.1692

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