POPULATION GROWTH AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF CROSS RIVER STATE, NIGERIA
Abstract
The thesis of this study was to examine the relationship between population growth and socio-economic development of Cross River State, Nigeria. Specifically, the study investigated the effect of population growth on education and healthcare services in Cross River State. Related literatures were thematically reviewed. The study was anchored on Malthusian population theory and Boserupian hypothesis. Survey research design was adopted, while, stratified random sampling technique was used to select four hundred (400) respondents from the three senatorial districts of Cross River State. Elicited data were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMC). The results revealed that the effect of population growth on education and health services are significantly positive in Cross River State, Nigeria. The study concluded that since population growth affect socio-economic development in Cross River State; appropriate measures should be taken to check rapid population growth because of its negative consequences on education and healthcare services in the State. The study recommended that more facilities and manpower should be provided to help improve the quality of education and healthcare services in Cross River State. In addition, rural areas should be made attractive in terms of provision of basic infrastructures and facilities, as well as, proper sensitization that would clear doubts on the obstacles to effective population control such as religion, lack of population education, culture and normative system in favour of high fertility.
JEL: F63; Q56; R11; R58
Article visualizations:
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Adekunle, A.O., Otolorin, E.O. (2000). Evaluation of the Nigerian Population Policy – Myth or reality? Afr J Med Sci. 305 – 10.
Anyinwe, M.A. & Okojie, C.E.E. (1998). Economic implications of the unmet need for family planning services, in The Nigerian Journal of Economic and Management Studies, 3 (1 & 2), 46-56.
Asiyai, R.I., & Ajudeonu, H. (2010). Effects of school population and class size on the academic performance of secondary school students in Delta state, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Educational Admin. and Planning, 1(10), 221- 231.
Ayara, N., Essia, U., & Enang, U. (2013). The universalization of basic education in Nigeria: The Cross River state experience. Wudpecker Journal of Public Administration, 1(1), 7-19.
Beall, J. & Fox, S. (2009). Cities and Development, London: Routledge.
Bloom, D. & Canning, D. (2001). “Cumulative causality, economic growth, and the demographic transition”, in N. Birdsall, A.C. Kelley and S. Sinding (eds), Population Matters: Demographic Change, Economic Growth, and Poverty in the Developing World, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Bongaarts, J. (2009). Human population growth and the demographic transition. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 364, 2985-2990.
Choppin, S. (2009). World population growth: More people on the planet will put more pressure on resources. guardian.co.uk. Retrieved: 10/08/2015.
From http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/datablog/2009/sep/02/worldpopulation- growth-resourcescontrol
CMH (2010) Macroeconomics and Health: Investing in Health for Economic Development Report of the Commission on Macroeconomics and Health. Geneva: World Health Organization.
Douglass, B. (2009). “Population Growth Driving Climate Change, Poverty: Experts,
http://www.breitbart.com/article.php?id=CNG.506b7104e85d35fc4f8355e566ab5f ad.261&show_article=1. Accessed 12/08/2015.
Duraisamy, P. & A. Mahal (2005) “Health Poverty and Economic Growth in India” In Financing and Delivery of Health Care Services in India,” Background Papers of the National Commission on Macroeconomics and Health. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India.
Ebingha, E.E. & Eni, J.S. (2015). Population control and development in Nigeria. Multi- disciplinary journal of research and development perspectives 4 (1), 42-51
Ebong, M. (1991). Mobilization Development Issues. London: Athiome Press.
Ehrlich, P.R. & Ehrlich, A.H. (1977). Conscience Population Resources, Environment (San Francis Co. W. H. Freeman).
Eni, D.D. & Ukpong, B.J. (2014). The Impact of Population Growth on Residential Land use in Calabar, Cross River State. Research on Humanities and Social Science, 4(14), 1-5.
Federal Government of Nigeria (2012). National policy on education. Lagos: National educational research and development council.
Goodrum, T., Hackling, W. & Rennie, P. (2001). The status and quality of teaching and learning of science in Australian school. Canberra: Department of Education, Training and Youth Affair, Common Wealth of Australia.
Jayne, T.S., Chamberlin, J. & Headey, D.D. (2014). Land pressures, the evolution of farming systems, and development strategies in Africa: A synthesis. Food Policy, 48(0), 1-17.
Johnson, J.A. & Stoskopf, C. (2009). Comparative health systems: Global Perspectives. Retrieved from http://books.google.com.ng/books?id=9vWpc
Julian, L.S. & Adam, M.P. (1979). The effect of population growth upon the quality of education children receive. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 61(4), 572-584.
Kalemli-Ozcan, S. (2002). “Does mortality decline promote economic growth?”. Journal of Economic Growth, 7(4), 411-439.
Malthus, T.R. (1798). An essay on the Principle of Population, London: J. Johnson
Murtin, F. (2009). On the Demographic Transition 1870-2008. Paris School of Economics working paper.
Musibau, A.B. (2015). An analysis of growth – health relationship in Nigeria. Ibadan, University of Ibadan.
Mwabu, G. (2013). Health Development in Africa. African Development Bank, African Development Fund.
National Population Commission (2002), Sentinel survey of the National population programme: Baseline Report 2000, Abuja, National Population Commission.
National Population Commission (2004). National policy on population for sustainable development. Abuja, Nigeria: National Population Commission.
National Population Commission (2009), Sentinel survey of the National population programme: Baseline Report 2009. Abuja, National Population Commission.
National Population Commission (NPC) [Nigeria] and ICF International (2013). Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey 2013. Abuja, Nigeria, and Rockville, Maryland, USA: NPC and ICF International.
National Population Commission (NPC) [Nigeria] and ICF International (2013). Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey 2013. Abuja, Nigeria, and Rockville, Maryland, USA: NPC and ICF International.
National Population Commission (NPC) and ORC Macro (2003). Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey 2003. Calverton, Maryland: National Population Commission and ORC Macro.
Oba, J.O. (2008). Nigeria: Yar’Adua and the resuscitation of health sector. Retrieved from http://allatrica.com/stories/200806021431.html
Oduwaye, P.A. (2009). National population policy: A viable option to human development. In Ebigbola, J. A. & E. P. Renne (eds.) Population and Development Issues: Ideas and Debates, pp. 3-24
Okpa, J.T., & Ukwayi, J.K. (2017). Drug Suspects Perception of Factors Responsible For Illicit Drug Trade in Cross River State, Nigeria. IOSR journal of humanities and social science (IOSR-JHSS) 5 (4), 80-87
Olateru-olagbegi, C.G. (2008). Rural-urban fertility differentials in Western Nigeria. Population Studies, 23(3), 363-378.
Omoruan, A.I., Bamidele, A.P. & Phillips, O.F. (2009). Social Health Insurance and Sustainable Healthcare Reform in Nigeria. Ethno-Med, 3(2), 105-110.
Osim, R.O. (2011). Teacher quality: its implication for task performance among secondary school teachers in cross river state Nigeria. International Journal of Educational Administration, Planning and Res. 4 (2): 30-37.
Ottong, J.G. (2006). Whither Society?: Reflection on some bugging social and demographic issues in 21st century Nigeria. Inaugural lecture, December.
Ottong, J. G., Ering, S. O. & Akpan, F. U. (2010). The Population Situation in Cross River State of Nigeria and Its Implication for Socio-Economic Development: Observations from the 1991 and 2006 Censuses. Journal of Emerging Trends in Educational Research and Policy Studies (JETERAPS), 1(1), 36-42.
Pant, K.C. (2004). India’s development scenario-next decade and beyond. Academic Foundation, New Delhi.
Population Reference Bureau (2015). World population data sheet. Retrieved from www.prb.org
Population Reference Bureau (2016). Social implication of rapid population growth in less developed countries. Washington: PRB. Retrieved from www.prb.org
Sanusi, R.A. & Awe, A.T. (2009). Perception of National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) by Health Care Consumers in Oyo State, Nigeria.Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences, 6(1), 48-53.
Schaefer, R.T. (2008). Sociology. New York, McGraw Hill Inc.
Schultz, T.P. (1999) Health and schooling investments in Africa. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 13, 67-88.
Simon, J.L. (1996) Population and Developing Countries, Princeton University Press: Princeton, New Jersey.
Singh, A. (1992). Urbanization, poverty and employment: the large metropolis in the third World. Cambridge, UK. Cambridge University Press.
Smriti, B. (2015). Malthusian theory of population: Criticism and Applicability.
Stecklov G (2008). Urbanization and crime in cities, Journal of Public Economics, 93 (12), 1175-1188.
Strauss, J. & Thomas, D. (1998). “Health, nutrition and economic development”. Journal of Economic Literature, 36(2), 766-817.
Todaro, M.P. (1977). Economic development in the third world. New York: Longman Press.
Ukwayi, J.K., & Okpa, J.T. (2018). Socio-demographic factors affecting the safety of lives and properties in Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria. . Multi-disciplinary journal of research and development perspectives 7 (1), 23-25
Ukwayi, J.K.., & Okpa, J.T. (2017). The Effect of Electoral and Economic Crimes on Sustainable Development in Cross River State, Nigeria. International Journal of Social Science Research 5 (2), 32-42
United Nations (2002). Long-range world population forecasts. New York: United Nations.
United Nations (2015). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision. Department of Economic and social Affairs and policy analysis, population division.
United Nations (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision. Department of Economic and social Affairs and policy analysis, population division.
United Nations Population Information Network (2013). Population and development in Africa. UN population division, department of economic and social affairs.
United Nations Population Information Network (2013). Population and development in Africa. UN population division, department of economic and social affairs.
USAID (2014). Nigeria education fact sheet. http://www.usaid.gov/nigeria/fact-sheet. Retrieved 20/08/2016
USCB (2013). Nigeria education fact sheet. http://www.usaid.gov/nigeria/fact-sheet. Retrieved 20/08/2016
Weeks, J.R. (2002). Population an introduction to concepts and issues. California: Wadsworth Publishing Company.
Weil, D. (2007). Accounting for the effects of health on economic growth (mimeo). Economic Department, Brown University.
West, M.R. & Woessmann, L. (2003). Crowd control. Available [online] at: http://ww.educationnext.org/20033/56.html. Retrieved 20/05/2018.
World Data Atlas (2017). Nigeria - Total fertility rate https://knoema.com/atlas/Nigeria/ topics/Demographics/Fertility/Fertility-rate. Retrieved 20/04/2018
World Health Organization (2007). World Health Statistics 2007. Geneva: WHO.
World Health Organization (2017). World Health Rankings. Available [online] at: www.worldlifeexpectancy.com/nigeria-life-expectancy. Retrieved 22/03/2018.
Yamane, T. (1967). Statistics: An introductory analysis. Second Edition, Harper and Row. New York.
Yesufu, T.M. (2000). The human factor in national development: Nigeria, Ibadan, Spectrum Books.
Yohesor, A. (2004). Social health insurance scheme that works: Recommendation to NHIS. Abuja: V.C Publishers.
Zhang, J. & Lee, R. (2003). Rising Longevity, Education, Savings, and Growth. Journal of Development Economics, 70(1), 83-101.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejefr.v0i0.512
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2019 Enang E. Ebingha, Joseph S. Eni, John T. Okpa
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The research works published in this journal are free to be accessed. They can be shared (copied and redistributed in any medium or format) and\or adapted (remixed, transformed, and built upon the material for any purpose, commercially and\or not commercially) under the following terms: attribution (appropriate credit must be given indicating original authors, research work name and publication name mentioning if changes were made) and without adding additional restrictions (without restricting others from doing anything the actual license permits). Authors retain the full copyright of their published research works and cannot revoke these freedoms as long as the license terms are followed.
Copyright © 2016 - 2023. European Journal of Economic and Financial Research (ISSN 2501-9430) is a registered trademark of Open Access Publishing Group. All rights reserved.
This journal is a serial publication uniquely identified by an International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) serial number certificate issued by Romanian National Library. All the research works are uniquely identified by a CrossRef DOI digital object identifier supplied by indexing and repository platforms. All the research works published on this journal are meeting the Open Access Publishing requirements and standards formulated by Budapest Open Access Initiative (2002), the Bethesda Statement on Open Access Publishing (2003) and Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities (2003) and can be freely accessed, shared, modified, distributed and used in educational, commercial and non-commercial purposes under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Copyrights of the published research works are retained by authors.
