PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, SELF-ESTEEM AND BODY COMPOSITION AMONG MALE COLLEGE TEACHERS

N. Neeraj, Parminder Singh Ahluwalia

Abstract


The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship of physical activity level with self-esteem, anthropometric characteristics and body composition among male college teachers. Total 300 male college teachers from different colleges of Malwa Region of Punjab were selected thorough purposive sampling technique. The age of subjects ranged between 31 to 60 years. Height was measured by using the standard anthropometric rod. Body weight of the subjects was measured with a portable weighing machine. Body mass index was then calculated using the formula weight (kg)/height2 (m). The skinfolds thicknesses of body parts of the subjects were taken with Harpenden skinfold caliper. Percentage body fat as estimated from the sum of skinfolds was calculated using standardized equations. Physical activity level of the subjects was evaluated with the help of International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) long version (2002). Self-esteem of the subjects was examined with the help of Rosenberg’s self-esteem scale. The results of the study revealed that 30 % of male college teachers were physically inactive, 54.67% were moderately active and 15.33% were highly physically active. It was shown from results that 47 % of male college teachers had normal weight, 41.33% were overweight and 11.67% were reported to be obese. The result of the study shows that physical activity level of college teachers was found to have significantly negative relationship with height (p<0.05), weight (p<0.05), BMI (p<0.05), fat percent (p<0.05) and lean body mass(p<0.05). Self-esteem had significantly positive association (p<0.05) with physical activity level among college teachers. It is concluded that the physical activity enhances the self-esteem and body composition among the college teachers.

 

Article visualizations:

Hit counter


Keywords


physical activity, percent body fat, self-esteem, inactivity, college teachers

Full Text:

PDF

References


Abedalhafiz, A., Altahyneh, Z. L., Al-Haliq, M. (2012). The relationship between physical activity and self-esteem among students of Zarqa education directorate. International Journal of Academic Research. 4(6):39-48.

Agrawal, A., Varma, K., Gupta, R. (2005). Physical activity of urban middle-aged women in different domains : a cross-sectional study. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries. 10–6.

Aires, L. (2009). Levels of physical activity, physical fitness and overweight/obesity in children and adolescents Porto: Doctoral dissertation in Physical Activity and Health. Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sports – University of Porto.

Ara, I., Moreno, L. A., Leiva, M. T., Gutin, B. and Casaju J. A. (2007). Adiposity, physical activity, and physical fitness among children from Aragon, Spain. Obesity, 15(8):1918-1924.

Arabaci, R., Cankaya, C. (2007). Study on the physical activity level of physical education teachers. Uludag University Faculty of Education Journal. XX(1):1-15.

Arslan, C., Koz, M., Giir, E., Mendes, B. (2003). Investigation of the correlation between at physical activity level and health problems in university educational staff. Firat University Journal of Health Science. 17(4):249-258.

Atan, T., Tural, E., Imamoglu, O., Cicek, G., Tural, S. (2012). Physical activity levels of teachers and health professionals in Turkey. HealthMED, 6(6):1935-1942.

Azevedo, M. R., Luiza, C., Araújo, P., Reichert, F. F., Siqueira, F. V., Cozzens, M., et al. (2007). Gender differences in leisure-time physical activity. Int J Public Health. 52:8–15.

Bas Aslan, U., Livanelioglu, A., Aslan, S. (2007). Evaluation of physical activity levels in undergraduate students by two methods. Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation. 18(1):11-19.

Baumgartner, T. A., Jackson, A. S., Mahar, M. T. & Rowe, D. A. (2003). Measurement for evaluation in physical education and exercise science, 7th Ed. Boston: WCB McGraw-Hill. pp 32-45.

Bergman, P., Grjibovski, A. M., Hagströmer, M., Bauman, A., Sjöström, M. (2008). Adherence to physical activity recommendations and the influence of socio-demographic correlates – a population-based cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 9:1–9.

Blair, S. N. (2009). Physical inactivity: the biggest public health problem of the 21st century. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 43:1-2.

Brito, W. F., Santos, C. L., Marcolongo, A. A., Campos, M. D., Bocalini, D. S., Antonio, E. L., Junior, J. A. S., Tucci, P. J. F., Serra, A. J. (2012). Physical activity levels in public school teachers. Rev Saúde Pública. 46(1):1-5.

Cuprika, A., Fernate, A. & Cupriks, L. (2014). Physical activities and body composition among women in fitness. Lase Journal of Sport Science, 5(2):43-54.

Driskell, J. A., Kim, Y. N., Goebel, K. J. (2005). Few differences found in the typical eating and physical activity habits of lower-level and upper-level university students. J Am Diet Assoc. 105: 798-801.

Durnin, J. V. G. A. & Womersley, J. (1974). Body fat assessed from total body density and its estimation from skinfold thickness measurements of 481 men and women aged from 16-72 years. Br J Nutr, 32:77-97.

Fox, K. R. (2000). The effects of exercise on self-perceptions and self-esteem. In: Biddle S. J. H., Fox K. R., Boutcher S. H., Faulkner G., editors. Physical Activity and Psychological Well-Being. London: Routledge.

Gitau, T. M., Mickelfield, L. M., Pettifor, J. M. & Norris. S. A. (2014). Eating attitudes, body image satisfaction and self-esteem of South African Black and White male adolescents and their perception of female body silhouettes. Journal of Child and Adolescents Mental Health, 26(3):193-205.

Helena, T., Soares, B. D. A. (2008). Sex, income, and level of education associated with physical activity level among workers. Rev Saúde Pública. 42(3):1–6.

Indian Council of Medical Research-India Diabetes (ICMR-INDIAB, 2013). Physical activity and inactivity patterns in India – results from the ICMR-INDIAB study (Phase-1) [ICMR-INDIAB-5]. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 2014, 11:26.

Integrated disease surveillance project (IDSP) (2007). Noncommunicable disease risk factors survey.

Kaminsky, L. A., Dewey, D. (2014). The association between body mass index and physical activity, and body image, self-esteem and social support in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Can J Diabetes. 38(4):244–249.

Martinez-Gonzalez, M. A., Varo, J. J., Santos, J. L., De-Irala, J., Gibney, M., Kearney, J. & Martinez, J. A., (2001). Prevalence of physical activity during leisure time in the European Union. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 33:1142–1146.

Mruk, C. J. (2006). Self-esteem research, theory, and practice: Toward a positive psychology of self-esteem. New York: Springer.

Murphy, C. M., Stosny, S. and Morrel, T. M. (2005). Change in self-esteem and physical aggression during treatment for partner violent men. Journal of Family Violence, 20, 201-210.

Naughton, P., McCarthy, S. N., McCarthy, M. (2015). The creation of a healthy eating motivation score and its association with food choice and physical activity in a cross-sectional sample of Irish adults. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 12(1):74.

Patil, C., Dhoble, M., Kaware, A. (2017). A study of physical activity levels and its correlates among adults: a cross-sectional study. Int J Community Med Public Health. 4(4):1154-1158.

Reilly, T., Sechei, N., Snell, P. & Williams, C. (1990). Physiology of sports. London: E & FN Spon.

Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the Adolescent Self-image. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.

Sani, S. H. Z., Fathirezaie, Z., Brand, S., Pühse, U., Holsboer-Trachsler, E., Gerber, M., Talepasand, S. (2016). Physical activity and self-esteem: testing direct and indirect relationships associated with psychological and physical mechanisms. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 12:2617-2625.

Siahkouhian, M., Rahmaninia, F. & Barahmand, U. (2006). Effects of body composition measures on dimension of Vo2max. International Journal of Fitness, 2:1-6.

Sibai, A. M., Costanian, C., Tohme, R., Assaad, S., Hwalla, N. (2013). Physical activity in adults with and without diabetes: from the ―high-risk‖ approach to the ―population-based‖ approach of prevention. BMC Public Health. 13(1):1002.

Siri, W. E. (1956). The gross composition of the body. Adv Biol Med Phys, 4:256–280.

Sonstroem, R. J., Harlow, L. L., Josephs, L. (1994). Exercise and self-esteem: validity of model expansion and exercise associations. J Sport Exerc Psychol. 16(1):29–42.

Strong, W. B., et al. (2005). Evidence Based Physical Activity for School-Age Youth. The Journal of Pediatrics, 146, 732-737.

Sullivan, R., Kinra, S., Ekelund, U., Bharathi, A. V., Vaz, M., Kurpad, A, et al. (2011). Socio-Demographic Patterning of Physical Activity across Migrant Groups in India : Results from the Indian Migration Study. PLoS One. 6(10):1–9.

Taras, H. (2005). Physical activity and student performance at school. Journal of School Health, 75(6):214-218).

The European Health Report. (2002). Introduction. WHO Reg Publ Eur Ser; (97):2-5.

Tremblay, M. S., Inman, J. W., Willmns, J. D. (2000). The Relationship Between Physical Activity, Self-Esteem, and Academic Achievement i n 12-Year-Old Children. Pediatric exercise science 12(3).

Vaidya, A., Krettek, A. (2014). Physical activity level and its sociodemographic correlates in a peri-urban Nepalese population : a cross-sectional study from the Jhaukhel-Duwakot health demographic surveillance site. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 39(11):1–12.

Vishalakshi, K. K. & Yeshodhara, K. (2012). Relationship between self-esteem and academic achievement of secondary school students. Indian Journal of Applied Research. 1(12):83-84.

Vural, Ö., Eler, S., Atalay Güzel, N. (2010). The relation of physical activity level and life quality at sedentary profession. Spormetre Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science. VIII(2): 69-75.

Walters, S., Martin, J.E. (2000). Does aerobic exercise really enhance self-esteem in children? A prospective evaluation in 3rd-5th graders. J Sport Behav. 23(1):51–60.

Wang, Z., Heo, M., Lee, R. C., Kotler, D. P., Withers, R. T. & Heymsfield, S. B. (2001). Muscularity in adult humans: proportion of adipose tissue-free body mass as skeletal muscle. American Journal of Human Biology, 13:612-619.

WHO (2008). Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health. World Health Organisation.

WHO (2014). Physical Inactivity: A Global Public Health Problem. WHO. World Health Organization.

WHO (2015). Physical activity. WHO. World Health Organization.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejpe.v6i5.3199

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2020 N. Neeraj, Parminder Singh Ahluwalia

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Copyright © 2015 - 2023. European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science (ISSN 2501 - 1235) is a registered trademark of Open Access Publishing Group. All rights reserved.

This journal is a serial publication uniquely identified by an International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) serial number certificate issued by Romanian National Library (Biblioteca Nationala a Romaniei). All the research works are uniquely identified by a CrossRef DOI digital object identifier supplied by indexing and repository platforms. All authors who send their manuscripts to this journal and whose articles are published on this journal retain full copyright of their articles. All the research works published on this journal are meeting the Open Access Publishing requirements and can be freely accessed, shared, modified, distributed and used in educational, commercial and non-commercial purposes under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).