STRENGTH AND HANDEDNESS IN ADOLESCENTS: THE IMPACT OF SPORT PRACTICE ON LATERALITY CONSOLIDATION / FUERZA Y PREFERENCIA MANUAL EN ADOLESCENTES: EL IMPACTO DE LA PRÁCTICA DEPORTIVA EN LA CONSOLIDACIÓN DE LA LATERALIDAD
Abstract
Handedness (upper limb laterality) should be a cornerstone of motor skill development and sport performance in youth. However, many environmental and social factors affect laterality consolidation (LC) during development. It was our aim to analyze the influence of out of school sport practice (OSSP) on LC. 249 adolescents from the same high school were selected for this study. Handedness was assessed by a laterality quotient (LQ) calculated from an adapted questionnaire. Handgrip isometric strength tests were carried out both left and right hand to confirm the dominance agreement with LQ. Right-handedness students showed higher right vs. left strength difference than left-handedness (2.25 and -0.91kg; P<0.05). There were a higher proportion of LC in the group of adolescents with OSSP than those without OSSP, both in left (LH) and right-handedness (RH) (OSSP: RH, 80% and LH, 77.4% vs. non-OSSP: RH, 66.7% and L,H 41.7%; P<0.05). Our main finding was that there was higher probability of LC among adolescents involved in OSSP. Also, a simple inventory and handgrip strength test may be useful tools in order to assess LC, which can help to reinforce laterality in adolescents.
La preferencia manual (lateralidad del miembro superior) debería ser una parte fundamental del desarrollo de la competencia motora y el rendimiento deportivo durante la juventud. Sin embargo, existen numerosos factores sociales y medioambientales que afectan a la consolidación de la lateralidad (LC) durante el desarrollo. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la influencia de la práctica deportiva fuera de la escuela (OSSP) en la LC. Para ello 249 adolescentes del mismo Instituto de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria fueron seleccionados. La preferencia manual fue evaluada con el coeficiente de lateralidad (LQ) calculado utilizando un cuestionario especifico adaptado. Se realizó un test de fuerza isométrica de prensión manual derecha e izquierda para confirmar la concordancia con el LQ. Los estudiantes con preferencia manual derecha mostraron una diferencia de fuerza entre la mano derecha y la izquierda mayor que los del grupo de preferencia manual izquierda (2,25 and -0,91kg; P<0,05). Hubo una mayor proporción de LC en el grupo de adolescentes con OSSP que en el grupo sin OSSP, tanto para zurdos (LF) como para diestros (RH) (OSSP: RH, 80% and LH, 77,4% vs. non-OSSP: RH, 66,7% and LH 41,7%; P<0,05). Nuestro principal hallazgo fue, por tanto, el hecho de una mayor consolidación de la lateralidad entre los adolescentes del grupo que practicaba deporte. Además, un simple cuestionario y test de fuerza de prensión manual pueden ser buenas herramientas para evaluar la LC, lo cual puede ayudar a reforzar la lateralidad en adolescentes.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejpe.v6i12.4120
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