TEACHER BELIEFS AND PRACTICES OF SCAFFOLDING STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION THROUGH QUESTIONING AT PRE-READING STAGE
Abstract
Research into scaffolding has indicated its roles in assisting students in completing their English language learning tasks, including reading. This paper reports a descriptive study that explores teachers’ beliefs and their practices of the questioning strategy to scaffold students’ reading comprehension in lower secondary schools in a Mekong delta region. Data collected in this study include questionnaires, classroom observations, and semi-structured interviews. Participants were sixty-four teachers of English as a foreign language. The findings reported in this paper provide insightful views into how teachers used questions to scaffold student learning of reading comprehension. Pedagogical implications are also presented.
Article visualizations:
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Ajideh, P. (2003). Schema theory-based pre-reading tasks: A neglected essential in the ESL reading class. The Reading Matrix, 3(1), 1-14.
Al Eissa, A. A. A., & Al-Barghi, A. (2017). The impact of scaffolding strategies in enhancing reading comprehension skills of university students in a Saudi context. International Journal of Linguistics, 9(5), 1-22.
Alemi, M., & Ebadi, S. (2010). The effects of pre-reading activities on ESP reading comprehension. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 1(5), 569-577. doi: https://doi.10.4304/jltr.1.5.569-577
Alyousef, H. (2005). Teaching reading comprehension to ESL/ EFL learners. The Reading Matrix, 5(2), 143-154.
Amalia, A. R., & Devanti, Y. M. (2016). The use of questioning strategy to improve students' reading comprehension. Journal of English Language, Literature and Teaching, 1(2), 81-88.
Ankrum, J. W., Genest, M. T., & Belcastro, E. G. (2014). The power of verbal scaffolding: "Showing" beginning readers how to use reading strategies. Early Childhood Education Journal, 42, 39-47.
Belland, B. R. (2014). Scaffolding: Definition, current debates, and future directions. In J. Spector, M. Merrill, J. Elen & M. Bishop (Eds.), Handbook of Research on Educational Communications and Technology (4th Ed. ed., pp. 505-518). New York, NY: Springer.
Chi, F. M. (2007). Scaffolding EFL learners' comprehension of texts. Paper presented at the 2007 ALAA Congress, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.
Clark, K. F., & Graves, M. F. (2004). Scaffolding students' comprehension of text. The Reading Teacher, 58(6), 570-580.
Davoudi, M., & Sadeghi, N. A. (2015). A systematic review of research on questioning as a high-level cognitive strategy. English Language Teaching, 8(10), 76-90. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.5539/elt.v8n10p76
Enyew, C., & Yigzaw, A. (2015). Effects of teacher scaffolding on students' reading comprehension. Science, Technology and Arts Research Journal, 4(2), 263-271.
Fitzgerald, J., & Graves, M. F. (2005). Reading supports for all. Educational Leadership, 62(4), 68-71.
Fraenkel, J. R., Wallen, N. E., & Hyun, H. H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education (8th Ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Humanities.
Gass, S., & Varonis, E. (1984). The effects of familiarity on the comprehension of non-native speech (Vol. 34).
Gibbons, P. (2002). Scaffolding language, scaffolding learning. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.
Grabe, W. (2009). Reading in a second language: Moving from theory to practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hammond, J., & Gibbons, P. (2005). What is scaffolding. Teachers' Voices, 8, 8-16.
Hashemi, A., Mobini, F., & Karimkhanlooie, G. (2016). The impact of content-based pre-reading activities on Iranian high school EFL learners' reading comprehension. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 7(1), 137-145.
Hill, J. B. (2016). Questioning techniques: A study of instructional practice. Peabody Journal of Education, 91, 660-671. doi: https://doi.10.1080/0161956X.2016,1227190
Le, K. T., & Nguyen, H. B. (2017). Teacher beliefs about critical reading strategies in English as a foreign language classes in Mekong delta institutions, Vietnam. European Journal of English Language Teaching, 2(4), 39-57.
Lee, Y., & Kinzie, M. B. (2012). Teacher question and student response with regard to cognition and language use. Instructional Science, 40(6), 857-874.
Ministry of Education and Training. (2008). Teaching and learning foreign languages in the national education system from 2008 to 2020. Hanoi, Vietnam: Retrieved from http://tailieu.vn/doc/de-an-day-va-hoc-ngoai-ngu-trong-he-thong-giao-duc-quoc-dan-1331102.html.
Nespor, J. (1987). The role of beliefs in the practice of teaching. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 19(4), 317-328.
Nguyen, H. B. (2013). Beliefs about support for teacher change in English for Specific Purposes university classes. New Zealand Studies in Applied Linguistics, 19(2), 36-48.
Nguyen, H. B., Haworth, P., & Hansen, S. (2019). Challenging ESP teacher beliefs about about active learning in a Vietnamese university. Teacher Development, 23(3), 345-365.
Nguyen, H. B., & Nguyen, N. T. K. (2017). Summarizing strategies: Potential tool to promote English as a foreign language (EFL) students' reading comprehension at a vocational school, Vietnam. European Journal of Education Studies, 3(8), 51-72.
Nguyen, T. T. B., & Nguyen, H. B. (2018). The effects of question-answer strategy on EFL high school students' reading comprehension. European Journal of English Language Teaching, 3(4), 34-48.
Nuttall, C. (2005). Teaching reading skills in a foreign language (2nd Ed.). Oxford: Macmillan Heinemann.
Pajares, M. F. (1992). Teachers' beliefs and educational research: Cleaning up a messy construct. Review of Educational Research, 62(3), 307-332.
Pang, E. S., Muaka, A., Bernhardt, E. B., & Kamil, M. L. (2003). Teaching reading. Brussels, Belgium: International Academy of Education.
Pham, L. N. K., & Hamid, M. O. (2013). Beginning EFL teachers' beliefs about quality questions and their questioning practices. Teacher Development, 17(2), 246-264. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13664530.2012.753947
Pham, N. T. (2010). The higher education reform agenda: A vision for 2020. In G. Harman, M. Hayden & T. N. Pham (Eds.), Reforming higher education in Vietnam: Challenges and priorities (Vol. 29, pp. 51-64): Springer.
Rahimpour, M., & Hazar, F. (2007). Topic familiarity effect on accuracy, complexity, and fluency of L2 oral output. The Journal of Asia TEFL, 4(4), 191-211.
Reynolds, D., & Daniel, S. (2018). Toward contingency in scaffolding reading comprehension: Next steps for research. Reading Research Quarterly, 53(3), 363-373.
Rodgers, E. (2017). Scaffolding word solving while reading: New research insights. The Reading Teacher, 70(5), 525-532.
Rumelhart, D. E. (1994). Toward an interactive model of reading. In R. B. Ruddell, M. R. Ruddell & H. Singer (Eds.), Theoretical models and processes of reading (4th Ed) (pp. 864-894). Newark, DE: International Reading Association.
Salem, A. (2017). Scaffolding reading comprehension skills English Language Teaching, 10(1), 97-111.
Sunggingwati, D., & Nguyen, H. T. M. (2013). Teachers' questioning in reading lessons: A case study in Indonesia. Electronic Journal of Foreign Language Teaching, 10(1), 80-95.
Thongyon, P., & Chiramanee, T. (2011). The effect of pre-reading activities on reading comprehension ability. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Humanities and Social Sciences, Prince of Songkla University.
Tran, T. T. T., & Phuong, Y. H. (2018). The impact of question and semnatic map in pre-reading stage on students' reading comprehension: A comparative study. European Journal of Education Studies, 4(6), 279-294.
van de Pol, J., Volman, M., & Beishuizen, J. (2010). Scaffolding in teacher-student interaction: A decade of research. Educational Psychology Review, 22(3), 271-296. doi: https://doi.org/10.2007/s10648-010-9127-6
van Lier, L. (1996). Interaction in the language curriculum: Awareness, autonomy and authenticity. London: Longman.
van Lier, L. (2004). The ecology and semiotics of language learning. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic.
Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Walqui, A. (2006). Scaffolding instruction for English language learners: A conceptual framework. The International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 9(2), 159-180.
Wilen, W. W., & Clegg, A. A. (1986). Effective questions and questioning: A research review. Theory and Research in Social Education, XIV(2), 153-161.
Wood, D., Bruner, J., & Ross, G. (1976). The role of tutoring in problem solving. Journal of Child Psychology and Child Psychiatry, 17, 89-1000.
Zhang, L. (2018). A survey of effective classroom questioning in college English teaching. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 9(2), 328-335.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejfl.v0i0.2511
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright © 2015 - 2023. European Journal of Foreign Language Teaching (ISSN 2537-1754) is a registered trademark of Open Access Publishing Group. All rights reserved.
This journal is a serial publication uniquely identified by an International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) serial number certificate issued by Romanian National Library (Biblioteca Nationala a Romaniei). All the research works are uniquely identified by a CrossRef DOI digital object identifier supplied by indexing and repository platforms.
All the research works published on this journal are meeting the Open Access Publishing requirements and can be freely accessed, shared, modified, distributed and used in educational, commercial and non-commercial purposes under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).