SOCIO-POLITICAL DETERMINANTS OF SUSTAINABILITY OF IMMUNIZATION COVERAGE IN RESOURCE-CONSTRAINED TERTIARY HEALTH INSTITUTIONS IN BENUE STATE, NIGERIA

Terhemen Joseph Igbudu, Livinus Egwuda, Godwin Akpehe, Uya John Abua, Iorfa Tor-anyiin, Ason Benjamin Tsuung, Osarieme Enahoro Omokhua, Rufus Izeji

Abstract


Background: Sustainability and healthy preservation of human species is feasible via the instrument of childhood immunization. In Nigeria, this cost-effective strategy (immunization) is targeted at the vulnerable groups who are mostly pregnant women and children under five years of age. Aim: This study assessed childhood immunization coverage and the determinants of its full coverage among children between the ages of 0-12 months in tertiary health centres in Makurdi, according to National Programme of Immunization (NPI) schedule. Materials and Methods: The study used a mix-methodology relating the sustainable development theory and sound deductive reasoning with a cross-sectional study design via the instrument of a structured questionnaire. The determinants of full coverage of childhood immunization were considered in relation to parents/guardians, children, tertiary health facilities and other factors like man-made/ natural disasters, religious and political factors from secondary data. Results: The results of the study generally revealed optimum coverage (95-100%) of childhood immunization according to NPI schedule. Shortage of vaccines at the health facilities, child illness and “no reasons” were revealed determinants of full immunization coverage after analysis. Conclusion and Recommendations: The health of the future generation will be more secured if the Government and parents/guardians join hands in ensuring effective and timely immunizations of her/their children through appropriate legislation, provision of potent vaccines and tackling of the prevailing security challenges.

Article visualizations:

Hit counter


Keywords


immunization coverage determinants, vaccine prevented diseases, childhood, infants, sustainability

Full Text:

PDF

References


Orenstein W, Ahmed R. Simply put: vaccination saves lives. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2017; 114(16): 4031-4033.

Olugbenga-Bello A, Jimoh A, Oke O, Oladejo R. Maternal characteristics and immunization status of children in North Central of Nigeria. Pan Afr Med J 2017; 26: 159. Doi:10.11604/pamj.201 7.26.159.11530.

Odusanya OO, Afolabi EF, Meurice FP, Ahonkhai VI. Determinants of vaccination coverage in rural Nigeria. BMC Public Health 2008; 8: 381.

Adedokun ST, Uthman OA, Adekanmbi VT, Wiysonge CS. Incomplete childhood immunization in Nigeria: a multilevel analysis of individual and collateral factors. BMC Public Health 2017; 17: 236. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4137-7.

World Health Organization (WHO). Immunization. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization 2018. https://www.who.int/topics/immunization/en.

Arevshatian L, Clements CJ, Lwanga SK, Misore AO, Ndumbe P, Seward JF. An evaluation of infant immunization in Africa: is a transformation in progress? Bulletin of the World Health Organization 2007; 85(6): 421-500.

Gidado S, Nguku P, Biya O, Waziri NE, Mohammed A, Nsubuga P et al. Determinants of routine immunization coverage in Bungudu, Zamfara State, Northern Nigeria, May 2010. Pan Afr Med J 2014; 18(1): 9. Doi.10.11694/pamj.supp.2014.18.1.4149.

Hu Y, Shen L, Guo J, Xie S. Public health workers and vaccination coverage in Eastern China: A health economic analysis. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2014; 11(5): 5555-5556. Doi: 10.3390/ijerph110505555.

Hosseinpoor AR, Bergen N, Schlotheuber A, Grove J. Measuring health inequalities in the context of sustainable development goals. Bull World Health Organ 2018; 96(9): 654-659.

Mihigo R, Okeibunor J, Anya B, Mkanda P, Zawaira F. Challenges of immunization in the African region. Pan Afr Med J 2017; 27(3): 12. doi: 10.11604/pamj.supp.2017.27.3.12127.

Oluwadare C. The social determinants of routine immunization in Ekiti State of Nigeria. Ethno-Med 2009; 3(1): 49-56.

Singh S, Sahu D, Agrawal A, Vashi MD. Barriers and opportunities for improving childhood immunization coverage in slums: a qualitative study. Preventive Medicine Reports 2019; 14: doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2019.100858.

Adeloye D, Jacobs W, Amuta AO, Ogundipe O, Mosaku O, Gadanya M. Coverage and determinants of childhood immunization in Nigeria: a review and meta-analysis. Vaccine. 2017; 35(22): 2871-2881.

Awoh AB, Plugge E. Immunization coverage in rural-urban migrant children in low and middle-income countries (LMICs): a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Epidemiol Community Health 2016; 70(3): 305-11.

Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary. 2012.

Amin R, de Oliveira TJCR, Da Cunba M, Brown TW, Favin M, Cappelier K. Factors limiting immunization coverage in urban Dili, Timor-Leste. Glob Health Sci Pract 2013 1(3): 417-427.

International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD). Sustainable Development. https://www.iisd.org/topic/sustainable-development.

Pettinger T. Causes of resource scarcity. Economics. 2019. https://www.economicshelp.org/blog/151207/economics/causes-of-resource-scarcity.

Ashlesha D, Liu J, Linnemayr S, Steoher C. The impact of natural disasters on child health and investments in rural India. Soc Sci Med 2013; 76(1): 83-91.

Agbu DA, Musa H, Zhema S. Insurgency, armed herdsmen and instability in Nigeria: a search for the way forward. Global Journal of Arts and Social Sciences 2020; 8(6): 63-81.

Enor F, Magor S, Ekpo C. Contending perspectives and security implications of herdsmen activities in Nigeria. Int J Res 2019; 7(7): 265-286.

Anyene BC. Routine immunization in Nigeria: the role of politics, religion and cultural practices. African Journal of Health Economics 2014; 3(1): 0002.

Jegede AS. What led to the Nigerian boycott of the polio vaccination campaign? PLoS Med 2007; 4(3): e73.

Kabir B, Abarshi DD. Knowledge and attitude of mothers towards childhood immunization in Bauchi local government, Bauchi State-Nigeria. International Journal of Innovative Research in Social Sciences and Strategic Management Techniques (IJIRSSSMT) 2017; 4(2): 24-39.

Buckman C, Liu IC, Cortright L, Tumin D, Syed S. The influence of local political trends on childhood vaccine completion in North Carolina. Social Science and Medicine 2020; 260: 113187. https://org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113187.

Rabinowitz M, Latella L, Stern C, Jost JT. Beliefs about childhood vaccination in the United States: political ideology, false consensus, and the illusion of uniqueness. PLoS One 2018; 11(7): e0158382.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0158382.

Mohitul M, Mir A. Influencing of child immunization in Bangladesh. International Journal of Mathemetics and Statistics 2013; 1(3): 55-56.

Rehman S, Siddiqui A, Ahmed J, Fatmi Z. Coverage and predictors of routine immunization among 12-23 months old children in disaster affected communities in Pakistan. Int J Health Sci 2017; 11(1): 1-6.

Fatiregun AA, Okoro AO. Maternal determinants of complete child immunization among children aged 12-23 months in a Southern district of Nigeria. Vaccine 2012; 30(4): 730-736.

Achary P, Kismul H, Mapatano MA, Hatloy A. Individual and community-level determinants of child immunization in the Democratic Republic of Congo: a multilevel analysis. PLoS One 2018; 13(8): e0202742.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0202742.

Gul S, Khalil R. Immunization knowledge and practice among mothers attending paediatric clinic in Karachi, Pakistan. Int J Adv Med 2016; 3(3): 656-661.

Agrawal SC, Kumari A. Immunization status of children and its decline with age: A hospital-based study of 1000 children at a teaching hospital in Western Uttar Pradesh. Ind J Comm Health 2014; 26(1): 50-55.

Oyo-ita A, Fakunle B, Fajola A, Edet E. Immunization coverage in selected communities in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. World Journal of Vaccines 2012; 2(1): doi: 10.4236/WJV.

Oladepo O, Dipeolu IO, Oladunni O. Nigerian rural mothers’ knowledge of routine childhood immunization and attitudes about use of reminder text messages for promoting timely completion. J Public Health Pol 2019; 40: 459-477.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejphs.v4i2.94

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2021 Terhemen Joseph Igbudu, Livinus Egwuda, Godwin Akpehe, Uya John Abua, Iorfa Tor-anyiin, Ason Benjamin Tsuung, Osarieme Enahoro Omokhua, Rufus Izeji

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Copyright © 2019 - 2023. European Journal of Public Health Studies (ISSN 2668-1056/ISSN-L 2668-1056) is a registered trademark of Open Access Publishing Group. All rights reserved.

This journal is a serial publication uniquely identified by an International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) serial number certificate issued by Romanian National Library. All the research works are uniquely identified by a CrossRef DOI digital object identifier supplied by indexing and repository platforms. All the research works published on this journal are meeting the Open Access Publishing requirements and standards formulated by Budapest Open Access Initiative (2002), the Bethesda Statement on Open Access Publishing (2003) and Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities (2003) and can be freely accessed, shared, modified, distributed and used in educational, commercial and non-commercial purposes under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Copyrights of the published research works are retained by authors.