DISCURSIVE STRATEGIES OF IDEOLOGICAL REPRESENTATIONS IN POLITICAL SPEECHES: A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF SELECTED SPEECHES OF KWAME NKRUMAH

Aikins Addae, Hamidu Alhassan, Yaw Sarkodie Kyeremeh

Abstract


To win political power, political actors sometimes adopt linguistic and rhetorical strategies that enable them to communicate effectively with their audience. This makes the study of the language of politics an interesting academic exercise. This study, therefore, attempted a critical discourse analysis of selected speeches of Dr. Kwame Nkrumah to investigate the role of language in creating ideology and sustaining power as well as ideological discursive structures in political speeches. The study specifically investigated linguistic expressions which carry these ideological colourations in the speeches under review. The study employed the qualitative research approach and textual analysis as the design. The purposive sampling method was used to select five speeches of Dr. Kwame Nkrumah, and the analysis was done thematically. The study employed the theoretical frameworks of Fairclough’s CDA and Van Dijk’s socio-cognitive approach to analyse the speeches. The study revealed that the ideologies were carried out through these discursive structures: evidentiality, pronouns, agency, metaphor, intertextuality, rhetorical question, and strong modal of obligation. The study further revealed that the discursive structures produce and sustain power and unequal power relations between Nkrumah and his audience. The study afforded much evidence to conclude that politics is a game that can be successfully played through a skillful deployment of language. The study, therefore, concludes that the speeches that were analysed were used as a means of establishing, maintaining, and sustaining power and asymmetrical power relations.

 

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Keywords


rhetorical devices, discursive structures, linguistic expressions, ideologies

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References


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejlll.v6i2.396

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