Email this article 
INFLUENCE OF VOLUNTEER MOTIVATIONS TO THE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ LEADERSHIP STYLES
Abstract
Volunteering is an act of contributing once efforts and resources freely without any form of tangible compensation. It is a schematic groundwork that scopes diverse prefects into motives, personalities, and social determinants. Numerous studies have been conducted exploring the mediating factors of volunteerism yet, the inclusion of leadership styles in volunteer retention has remained understudied throughout the context. The purpose of this study is to determine the significant influence of volunteer motivation towards leadership styles among 379 college learners in Davao City. This study also accords the 17th Sustainable Development Goal which strives to cultivate multi-stakeholder partnership through capacity development. This study contributes to strengthening both societies and states to implement policies and programs minimizing sociocultural related affairs. Furthermore, the researchers employed quantitative-correlational research design to determine the degree of the relationship between variables in the study. Multivariate regression analysis was also utilized to predict volunteer motivation on leadership styles. Consequently, it has exhibited that there is a significant relationship between volunteer motivation and leadership styles. Positive correlation was found between the volunteer motivation and leadership styles. Hence, only the Protective and Values factor garnered a p-value lesser than the significance level. The current study contributes markedly not only on future research endeavors but also on guiding higher learning institutions in tailoring programs that may strengthen volunteerism and leadership qualities among college learners. Nevertheless, this will enable community organizations and local agencies to reassess their program objectives on the extent of volunteer opportunities available to students. Shaping students’ motivation to be proactive in volunteering will intensify their key leadership behaviors.
SDG # 17: Partnership for the Goals
Article visualizations:
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Alampay, E. G., Cabotaje, C., Angeles, L., Odulio, M. L., and Quebral, D. J. (2019). Local government-volunteer collaboration for disaster risk management in the Philippines, Philippine Journal of Public Administration, Vol. 63, No. 2, 135-163. Retrieved from https://ncpag.upd.edu.ph/wp-content/uploads/05-Alampay-et-al_24February2021.pdf
Alias, A., Ariffin, K., & Noor, N. A. M. (2021). Volunteerism among the Academics: The Questions of Motivation and Constraints. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 11(1), 675–689. http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v11-i1/7846
Asbari, M., Hidayat, D. D., & Purwanto, A. (2021). Managing Employee Performance: From Leadership to Readiness for Change. International Journal of Social and Management Studies, 2(1), 74–85. https://doi.org/10.5555/ijosmas.v2i1.12
Bass, B. M., & Avolio, B. J. (1995). Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) [Database record]. APA PsycTests. Retrieved from https://psycnet.apa.org/doiLanding?doi=10.1037%2Ft03624-000
Bass, B. M., & Avolio, B. J. (1997). Revised manual for the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire. Palo Alto: Mind Garden.
Bennerson, J. A. (2021). 21st Century Organizations - Perceived succession management and leadership style: A quantitative survey study (Publication Number 28320172) [Doctoral dissertation, Capella University]. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. Retrieved from https://www.proquest.com/openview/1c09171c585153ba241a3659711de18b/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=y
Benevene, P., Buonomo, I., & West, M. (2020, October 26). The relationship between leadership behaviors and volunteer commitment: The role of volunteer satisfaction. Frontiers. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.602466
Benosa, B., & Ramos, C. D. (2021). Contextualizing types of Filipino collective support during the #COVID19 lockdown. TENCON 2021 - 2021 IEEE Region 10 Conference (TENCON). Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TENCON54134.2021.9707346
Booysen, F., Guvuriro, S., & Campher, C. (2021). Horizontal and vertical individualism and collectivism and preferences for altruism: A social discounting study. Personality and Individual Differences, 178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2021.110856
Braathu, N., Laukvik, E. H., Egeland, K. M., & Skar, A. S. (2022). Validation of the Norwegian versions of the Implementation Leadership Scale (ILS) and Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) in a mental health care setting. BMC psychology, 10(1), 25. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-022-00725-8
Chen, L.; Jia, F.; Li, T. (2021). Supply chain leadership and firm performance: A meta-analysis. International Journal of Production Economics. 325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2021.108082
Cheng, A. W., Rizkallah, S., Narizhnaya, M., Carducci, B., Riggio, R., Mio, J., & Nave, C. (2020). Individualism vs. collectivism. The Wiley Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences, 287–297. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119547181.ch313
Chi, C. (2023). Learning new skills tops Filipino college students’ priorities in 2023 survey. Retrieved from https://www.pids.gov.ph/details/news/in-the-news/learning-new-skills-tops-filipino-college-students-priorities-in-2023-survey
Clary, E. G., Snyder, M., Ridge, R. D., Copeland, J., Stukas, A. A., Haugen, J., & Miene, P. (1998). Understanding and assessing the motivations of volunteers: A functional approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(6), 1516–1530. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.74.6.1516
Creswell, W. (2020). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (5th ed.). SAGE. Retrieved from https://www.ucg.ac.me/skladiste/blog_609332/objava_105202/fajlovi/Creswell.pdf
De Clerck, T., Aelterman, N., Haerens, L., & Willem, A. (2020). Enhancing volunteers’ capacity in all‐volunteer nonprofit organizations: The role of volunteer leaders’ reliance on effective management processes and (de)motivating leadership. Nonprofit Management & Leadership, 31(3), 481–503. https://doi.org/10.1002/nml.21444
Dehesh, T., Dehesh, p., & Gozashti, M. H. (2019) Metabolic factors that affect health-related quality of life in type 2 diabetes patients: a multivariate regression analysis, Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity, 12, 1181-1188, https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S208689
Ekpenyong, J. N. (2020). The Impact of Leadership Style on Employee’s Performance in a Business Organization: A Case Study of Guarantee Trust Bank PLC, Abuja - NORMA@NCI Library. https://norma.ncirl.ie/4591/
El Omda, S., & Sergent, S. (2023, August 14). Standard Deviation-Stat Pearls-NCBI Bookshelf. Standard Deviation. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK574574/
Erkubilay, C., & Şentürk, F. K. (2020). The Effect of Altruism Behavior, Peer Support and Leader Support on Employee Voice. Journal of Business Research - Turk, 12(2), 1820–1833. https://doi.org/10.20491/isarder.2020.946
Espinosa, V. (2023). A Study of the Relationship of Students’ Leadership Style and Career Readiness at Technical Colleges. ProQuest. https://eric.ed.gov/?q=source%3a%22ProQuest+LLC%22&ff1=asmMultifactor+Leadership+Questionnaire&ff2=subGender+Differences&id=ED637671
Garger, J., Jacques, P. H., Vracheva, V. P., & Connolly, C. (2023). Components of Transformational and Transactional Leadership: Predicting Academic Performance Beyond and Below Expectations. Journal of Behavioral and Applied Management, 23(3). https://doi.org/10.21818/001c.90586
Gibbons, C. (2022). Surviving a pandemic - Understanding the role of student stress, personality and coping on course satisfaction and anxiety during lockdown. Innovations in Education and Teaching International, 60(4), 463–475. https://doi.org/10.1080/14703297.2022.2064326
Gonzalez-Mendez, R., Díaz, M., Aguilera, L., Correderas, J., & Jerez, Y. (2020). Protective Factors in Resilient Volunteers Facing Compassion Fatigue. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health/International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(5), 1769. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051769
Go Tian-Ng, R. L. G., & Umandap, J. D. (2023). An Exposition of the Multidimensionality of the Tagasalo Personality. In Contemporary perspectives on family research (pp. 103–125). https://doi.org/10.1108/s1530-353520230000023007
Gutterman, A. (2023, September 25). Leadership styles. SSRN. Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4560197
Howard, S. M., & Knight, D. (2022). Analyzing the Impact of Leadership Styles on Student Achievement in Alabama’s Rural High Schools. Alabama Journal of Educational Leadership, 9, 65–91. Retrieved from https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1362051
Howell, J. L., Bullington, K. E., Gregory, D. E., Williams, M. R., & Nuckols, W. L. (2022). Transformational leadership in higher education programs. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Leadership Studies, 3(1), 51-66. https://dx.doi.org/10.52547/johepal.3.1.51
Joy, L. N. (2020). Motivation to Volunteer. Digital Commons @ University of South Florida. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/etd/8551/
Lai, T., & Wang, W. (2022b). Attribution of Community Emergency Volunteer Behaviour During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Study of Community Residents in Shanghai, China. Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 34(2), 239–251. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-021-00448-1
Lai, F. Y., Tang, H. C., Lu, S. C., Lee, Y. C., & Lin, C. C. (2020). Transformational Leadership and Job Performance: The Mediating Role of Work Engagement. SAGE Journals, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244019899085
Laniya, O. K. (2021). A Study of the Relationship Between Being a Volunteer Leader in Professional Business and Leadership Organizations and Developing Servant Leadership Characteristics. ProQuest. Retrieved from https://www.proquest.com/docview/2566489739?pq-origsite=gscholar&fromopenview=true&sourcetype=Dissertations%20&%20Theses
Lim, E., Wong, L. J., Bidin, S., & Mariapan, M. (2020). Nature conservation volunteerism among school students. Malaysian Forester, 83(1), ISSN 0302-2935. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341078531_NATURE_CONSERVATION_VOLUNTEERISM_AMONG_SCHOOL_STUDENTS
Liszt-Rohlf, V., Fields, M., Gerholz, K.-H., Seco, V., & Haury, C. (2021). The benefits of volunteering, volunteers’ competencies, and their integration into business education. International Journal for Business Education, 161(1). https://doi.org/10.30707/ijbe161.1.1648090824.259023
Mañosca. (2022). PNVSCA Holds First National Volunteerism Research Agency Workshop. Philippine National Volunteer Service Coordinating Agency. Retrieved from https://www.pnvsca.gov.ph/
Mason, C. A. (2020). Factors motivating leaders to volunteer: An examination of volunteer leadership in long-term post-acute care. Digital Commons @ George Fox University. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1038&context=dbadmin
Martins, C., Jesus, S., Da Silva, J. T., Ribeiro, C., Estêvão, M. D., Mocho, H., Ratinho, E., & Nunes, C. (2023). The Volunteer Motivation Scale (VMS): Adaptation and Psychometric Properties among a Portuguese Sample of Volunteers. Sustainability, 16(1), 327. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16010327
Millora, C. (2023). Learning to work in certain ways: bureaucratic literacies and community-based volunteering in the Philippines. Community Development Journal. https://doi.org/10.1093/cdj/bsad006
Nath, A. S. (2023). Eustress And Distress- A Stimulant and Deterrent to Health and Performance. Journal of Research Administration, 5(2), 5106–5121. Retrieved from https://journalra.org/index.php/jra/article/view/648
Normah, A. N., & Lukman, Z. (2020). Volunteerism Declined Among University Students: Why Do They Not Volunteer? International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 4(10). Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Normah-Awang-Noh-2/publication/350088035_VOLUNTEERISM_DECLINED_AMONG_UNIVERSITY_STUDENTS/links/6050217092851cd8ce440fd3/VOLUNTEERISM-DECLINED-AMONG-UNIVERSITY-STUDENTS.pdf
Normah, A. N., Lukman, Z. M., & Fazil, M. A. (2022). Implications of Constraints towards Students’ Involvement in Volunteer Activities. International Journal of Academic Research in Business & Social Sciences, 12(6). https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v12-i6/13872
O’ Halloran, M., & Davies, A. (2020). A shared risk: volunteer shortages in Australia’s bushfire brigades, Australian Geographer, 51(4), 421-435. https://doi.org/10.1080/00049182.2020.1813949
Perpék, V., Győri, G., & Lengyel, G. (2021). Preferred leadership style, managerial and entrepreneurial inclination among Hungarian students. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-021-00174-4
Rafique, M. A., Hou, Y., Chudhery, M. a. Z., Waheed, M., Zia, T., & Chan, F. (2022). Investigating the impact of pandemic job stress and transformational leadership on innovative work behavior: The mediating and moderating role of knowledge sharing. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge/Journal of Innovation and Knowledge, 7(3), 100214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2022.100214
Roncesvalles, G. K. (2022, August 18). Social Competence and civic volunteerism of Senior High School students in Davao City.
Serrat, Olivier. (2020). Reflections on a Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire 360 Leader's Report.
Sokhela, N. C., & Murhula, P. B. B. (2022). Exploring the developmental trajectory of becoming a student leader: Developmental, transformational and transactional approaches to leadership. South African Journal of Higher Education, 36(5). https://doi.org/10.20853/36-5-4533
Tsai, A. C. Y., Newstead, T., Lewis, G., & Chuah, S.-H. (2023, June 20). Leading volunteer motivation: How leader behaviour can trigger and fulfil volunteers’ motivations - voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations. SpringerLink. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11266-023-00588-6#citeas
Tuazon, D., Calvadores, M., & Quinain, T. (2022). Developing a Scale to Measure the Tagasalo Personality. Philippine Journal of Psychology, 83–104. https://doi.org/10.31710/pjp/0054.04
Uaikhanova, M., Zeinulina, A., Pshembayev, M., & Anesova, A. (2022). Developing leadership skills in university students. Cogent Education, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186x.2022.2143035
United Nations. (2020). Multi-stakeholder partnerships. Retrieved from https://sdgs.un.org/topics/multi-stakeholder-partnerships
Wood, D. P. (2021). Understanding Volunteer Motivations to Serve. Murray State’s Digital Commons. Retrieved July 11, 2024, from https://digitalcommons.murraystate.edu/etd/237/
Young, H. R., Glerum, D. R., Joseph, D. L., & McCord, M. A. (2021). A Meta-Analysis of Transactional Leadership and Follower Performance: Double-Edged Effects of LMX and Empowerment. Journal of Management, 47(5), 1255–1280. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206320908646
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejpss.v8i1.1892
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2025 Jikeh Sienna C. Napil, Christopher A. Rome, Kian R. Tenorio, Shairajon R. Villaluz, Shairajon R. Villaluz
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The research works published in this journal are free to be accessed. They can be shared (copied and redistributed in any medium or format) and\or adapted (remixed, transformed, and built upon the material for any purpose, commercially and\or not commercially) under the following terms: attribution (appropriate credit must be given indicating original authors, research work name and publication name mentioning if changes were made) and without adding additional restrictions (without restricting others from doing anything the actual license permits). Authors retain the full copyright of their published research works and cannot revoke these freedoms as long as the license terms are followed.
Copyright © 2017 - 2026. European Journal Of Political Science Studies (ISSN 2601-2766) is a registered trademark. All rights reserved.
This journal is a serial publication uniquely identified by an International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) serial number certificate issued by Romanian National Library. All the research works are uniquely identified by a CrossRef DOI digital object identifier supplied by indexing and repository platforms. All the research works published on this journal are meeting the Open Access Publishing requirements and standards formulated by Budapest Open Access Initiative (2002), the Bethesda Statement on Open Access Publishing (2003) and Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities (2003) and can be freely accessed, shared, modified, distributed and used in educational, commercial and non-commercial purposes under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Copyrights of the published research works are retained by authors.
