CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN THE CITY OF MASVINGO, ZIMBABWE
Abstract
Municipal solid waste (MSW) management constitutes one of the most crucial service provision challenges facing African towns and cities (Achankeng, 2003). Due to the economic meltdown experienced in Zimbabwe during the ten years, between 2000 and 2010, many challenges militated against sound urban solid waste management. These challenges included the inability of municipalities to supply safe water to residents, the inability to dispose of sewage, and the breakdown of infrastructure and service delivery in MSW management activities from waste generation, storing, collection, and safe disposal. The cholera outbreak of 2008-2009, which claimed over 3,500 human lives in Zimbabwe, was a direct consequence of a breakdown of municipality services, including irregular refuse collection, among other factors (Federation of Red Cross & Red Crescent, 2010). MSW management involves five stages. They include waste generation, storage, collection, transportation, and disposal. This research sought to establish the extent of the breakdown of the solid waste management system in Masvingo City. It establishes the challenges faced throughout the MSW management activities. Solid waste management across the globe now focuses on waste reduction and recycling before disposal. Diverting waste away from dumping sites and landfills towards reuse, recycling, and recovery can improve the livelihoods of thousands of informal waste re-claimers while also creating new jobs. Improving the standards of landfills and their life span can reduce the use of red flags to Masvingo city council by EMA. The study highlights the challenges in waste disposal by the municipality and makes recommendations on waste reduction and recycling opportunities.
Article visualizations:
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abubakar, I. R., Maniruzzaman, K. M., Dano, U. L., AlShihri, F. S., AlShammari, M. S., Ahmed, S. M. S., Al-Gehlani, W. A. G., & Alrawaf, T. I. (2022). Environmental Sustainability Impacts of Solid Waste Management Practices in the Global South. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(19), 12717. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912717
Achankeng, G. (2003). Municipal Solid waste management in Africa, Australia, and the Pacific Islands. Retrieved from http://ewrc.sharif.ir/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Municipal-Solid-Waste-Management-in-Asia-and-the-Pacific-Islands-2014.pdf
ADB (2019). Solid waste management in developing Asia: Prioritising waste separation Retrieved from https://www.adb.org/publications/solid-waste-management-developing-asia
Adedara M. L., Taiwo R., Bork H.-R. (2023). Municipal Solid Waste Collection and Coverage Rates in Sub-Saharan African Countries: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Waste. 1(2):389-413. https://doi.org/10.3390/waste1020024
Adeniran, A.A.; Shakantu, W. The Health and Environmental Impact of Plastic Waste Disposal in South African Townships: A Review. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 779. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19020779
Ayodele T. R., Alao M. A., Ogunjuyigbe A. S. O. (2018). Recyclable Resources from Municipal Solid Waste: Assessment of its energy, economic and environmental benefits. Resources, Conservation, and Recycling, p. 134
Brown, J. C. S. and White, C. A. (2019). Composition of Chinook salmon faecal wastes with implications on environmental management, Elsevier, New York
Bruce-Vanderpuije, P., Megson, D., Reiner, E. J., Bradley, L., Adu-Kumi, S., & Gardella, J. A., Jr (2019). The state of POPs in Ghana- A review on persistent organic pollutants: Environmental and human exposure. Environmental pollution 245, 331–342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.10.107
Chatira-Muchopa, B., Chidarikire, M., & Tarisayi, K. (2019). Solid waste management practices in Zimbabwe: A case study of one secondary school. The Journal for Transdisciplinary Research in Southern Africa, 15(1), five pages. https://doi.org/10.4102/td.v15i1.636
Chatira-Muchopa, Brenda & Chidarikire, Munyaradzi & Tarisayi, Kudzayi. (2019). Solid waste management practices in Zimbabwe: A case study of one secondary school. 1817-4434. 10.4102/td.v15i1.636. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335713979_Solid_waste_management_practices_in_Zimbabwe_A_case_study_of_one_secondary_school
Chiduku, C. (2023). Zimbabwe needs a Paradigm shift in Waste Management. Harare. Retrieved from https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zimbabwe-needs-paradigm-shift-waste-management-cliff-chiduku
Chikowore, G., Mbohwa, C., & Nyamugure, T. (2018). Municipal Solid Waste Management in the Era of Rapid Urbanization: The Case of Harare, Zimbabwe. Habitat International, 43, 130-137.
Creswell, J. D. and Creswell J. D. (2022). Research Design and Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approaches, SAGE Publications. Retrieved from https://spada.uns.ac.id/pluginfile.php/510378/mod_resource/content/1/creswell.pdf
Dalmer, N. (2022). UNEP and the Evolution of Environmental Concerns: An Open System Perspective. In: Building Environmental Peace. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72094-0_6
Dictionary of Environmental Science (2022)4th Edition Wiley, London
Dout, N. B., Abanyie, S. K. & Ampofo, S. (2017). Solid waste management in urban areas of Ghana: A case study of Bawku municipality. International Journal of Geosciences, 8: 494-513.
Downmore, M.; Shepherd M.; Muzinda A.; Nhemachena B. and Jambwa D.(2019). Participation in Community Solid Waste Management.Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa, Volume 13, No. 2,
Dube, S. (2003). Solid Waste Management Practices in the Informal Sector of Gweru, Gweru. Journal of Waste Management (1–3)
Dube, S., & Mbohwa, C. (2016). Assessment of E-Waste Management in Zimbabwe: A Case Study of Gweru City. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 114, 74-82.
Ellen MacArthur Foundation (2013). Circular Economy Analysis Applying Ellen MacArthur Model: Spanish Glass Sector Case Espirito papers, Madrid
Environmental Management Act (EMA) (2007). Environmental Management (Hazardous Waste Management) Regulations 2007. Statutory Instrument 10: 2007, Chapter 20:27. Government Printer, Harare pp. 16
EPA (2020). Best Practices for Solid Waste Management: A Guide for Decision Makers in Developing Countries. Retrieved from https://www.epa.gov/international-cooperation/best-practices-solid-waste-management-guide-decision-makers-developing
Eurostat Press Office (2010). 40% of Municipality Waste Recycled or Composted in 2008. Eurostat Press Office, Luxembourg Retrieved from: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/2995521/5046786/8-19032010-AP-EN.PDF.pdf/8cb70b0b-c6fc-40a4-990b-9dc6808f9d99?t=1414683193000
Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent (2010). Annual Report 2010.
Finly A. and Gough B. (2003). Reflexity: A Practical Guide for Researchers in Health and Social Science NCU Works.
Fulford, D. (1998). Running a Biogas Programme: A Handbook. Intermediate Technology Publication, London
GAGE Programme Office (2023). Youth-inclusive climate change adaptation: bringing intersectionality to the forefront of sustainable development. Retrieved from https://www.gage.odi.org/publication/youth-inclusive-climate-change-adaptation-bringing-intersectionality-to-the-forefront-of-sustainable-development/
Garelick, F. and Jones, P. (2007).Organic Waste Composting through Nexus Thinking, Practices and Processes, Amazon Publishing Company, New Delhi
Gebrehiwot, S., Bewket, W., Mengistu, T., Nured, H., Ferrari, C. & Bishop, K. (2021). Monitoring and assessment of environmental resources in the changing landscape of Ethiopia: a focus on forests and water. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 193. 10.1007/s10661-021-09421-3.
Godfrey, Linda & Tawfic Ahmed, Mohamed & Giday, Kidane & Katima, Jamidu & Oelofse, Suzan & Osibanjo, Oladele & Richter, Ulf Henning & Yonli, Arsène. (2019). Solid Waste Management in Africa: Governance Failure or Development Opportunity?. 10.5772/intechopen.86974.
Gundupalli, S. P., Hait, S., & Thakur, A. (2017). A review on automated sorting of source-separated municipal solid waste for recycling. Waste management (New York, N.Y.), 60, 56–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2016.09.015
Hoffman, D.A. & Fitz, R.A. (1968). Batch Retort Pyrolysis of Solid Municipal Wastes. Environmental Science and Technology, 2(11), 1023.
Hoornweg, W. and Bhada, R. (2012). Batch Retort Pyrolysis of Solid Municipal Wastes. Environmental Science and Technology, 2(11), 1023.
Intermediate Technology Consultancies (1998). Research Development and Design of a Simple Solid Waste Incinerator, Technical Review.
Jones, C. D., Burton C., Betts, R. A. and Feldpausch F. (2020). El Nino driven changes in global fire 2015. Frontiers in Earth Science, https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2020.00199
Kazuva, E.; Zhang, J.; Tong, Z.; Si, A.; Na, L. (2018). The DPSIR Model for Environmental Risk Assessment of Municipal Solid Waste in Dar es Salaam City, Tanzania. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 15, 1692. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15081692
Kisne (2008). National Environmental Management Waste Act 2008 no//59of 2008/FAOLEX.
Kumar, A., Thakur, A. K., Gaurav, G. K. (2023). A critical review on sustainable hazardous waste management strategies: a step towards a circular economy. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 105030–105055. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-29511-8
Makwara E., Magudu S. (2013). Confronting the Reckless gambling with people’s health and lives, Urban Solid Waste Management in Zimbabwe, European journal of sustainable development. 2, 1, 67-98. http://www.ecsdev.org/ojs/index.php/ejsd/article/view/41/35
Mangundu, A.; Makura, E., Mangundu, M.; Tapera, R. (2013). The Importance of Integrated Solid Waste Management in Independent Zimbabwe: The Case of Glenview Area 8, Harare 1. Global Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Health Sciences. 2. 85-92.
Manyanhaire, I. O., Sigauke, E., & Munasirei, D. (2009). Analysis of domestic solid waste management system: A case of Sakubva high-density suburb in Mutare, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe. Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa, 11(2), 127-140.
Mapira, J. (2011). Solid Waste Management Challenges in Developing Countries: A Case Study of Zimbabwe. Journal of Environmental Studies, 25(3), 123-145.
Maqhuzu, A. B.; Yoshikawa K., Takahashi F. (2023). The effect of coal alternative fuel from municipal solid wastes employing hydrothermal carbonization on atmospheric pollutant emissions in Zimbabwe. Science of The Total Environment, Volume 668, 10 June, pp. 743-759,
Masvingo City Council (2021). Creating Clean and Healthy Space, Masvingo. Retrieved from https://masvingocity.org.zw/creating-clean-and-healthy-spaces/
Masvingo Environmental Solutions (2020). Working together for a clean and healthy environment: Masvingo City Council, Masvingo. Retrieved from https://masvingocity.org.zw/working-together-for-a-clean-and-healthy-environment/
Mmereki D. Current status of waste management in Botswana: A mini-review. Waste Management & Research. 2018;36(7):555-576. doi:10.1177/0734242X18772097
Moustakas, K., Loizidou, M. Advances and prospects in the field of waste management. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26, 35283–35287 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-06585-x
Mudzengerere F. H. and Muvegwi. A. (2022). Waste Management in Bulawayo City Council in Zimbabwe: in Search of Sustainable Waste Management in the City, Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa. 4(7)
Munyai, I. and Ndou, F. (2023). Sediment Chemistry as Drivers of Macroinvertebrates and Fish Assemblages in Littoral Zones of Subtropical Reservoirs. School of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Mpumalanga, Nelspruit 1200
Musademba, D. & Musiyandaka, S. & Andrew, M. & Nhemachena, B. & Jambwa, D. (2011). Municipality Solid Waste (Msw) Management Challenges of Chinhoyi Town in Zimbabwe: Opportunities of Waste Reduction and Recycling. Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa. 13. 168-180.
National Waste Management Association (2021). National Waste Recycling Association: Intelligent National Waste Service Management. Harare.
Okuo E, Ibeto Cono and Onianwa M. (2007). Preliminary Study of the Impacts of Poor Waste Management on the Physio-chemical properties of Ground Water in Same areas of Ibadam, Research Journal of Environmental Sciences 5(2)
Rodić, Ljiljana, and David C. Wilson (2017). Resolving Governance Issues to Achieve Priority Sustainable Development Goals Related to Solid Waste Management in Developing Countries, Sustainability 9, no. 3: 404. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9030404
Saidu M. (2011). Effects of refuse dumps on ground water quality. Advances in Applied Science Research, 2(6). Retrieved from https://www.primescholars.com/articles/effect-of-refuse-dumps-on-ground-water-quality.pdf
Singhal, S. & Pandey, S. (2001). Solid waste management in India: Status and future directions. TERI Information Monitor on Environmental Science. 6. 1-4.
Smith, A (2021). The role of tacit and exploit knowledge. Journal of knowledge management (5)4. Retrieved from https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/13673270110411733/full/html
Sunday News (2023). Tackling Solid Waste Management Crisis in Bulawayo, Bulawayo, Retrieved from https://www.sundaynews.co.zw/tackling-solid-waste-management-crisis-in-bulawayo/
Tshifhefhe J. T. (2023). Effectiveness of government interventions on beneficiaries of land restitution: case of the Tshifhefhe Community of Makhado Municipality in Limpopo Province. University of Limpopo. Retrieved from http://ulspace.ul.ac.za/bitstream/handle/10386/3607/netshifhefhe_jt_2021.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Tsiko, R. & Togarepi, S. (2012). A Situational Analysis of Waste Management in Harare, Zimbabwe. American Journal of Science. 8(4). 692-706.
Ugwoha, E., & Emete, K. (2015). Effects of Open Dumpsite Leachate on Groundwater Quality: A Case Study of Alakahia Dumpsite in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Journal of Environmental Studies, 1, 8. https://doi.org/10.13188/2471-4879.1000002
UNEP (2015). Integrated Waste Management Scoreboard: A tool to measure performance in Municipal solid waste management: United Nations Environment Programme. Retrieved from https://wedocs.unep.org/rest/bitstreams/13972/retrieve
UNEP (2022). Gender and Waste Management: International Environmental Technology. Retrieved from https://www.unep.org/ietc/resources/factsheet/gender-and-waste-management-e-waste-and-plastic-waste
Vencatasawny, C. P., Ohman, M., & Brannstrom, T. (2000). A Survey of Recycling Behavior in Households in Kiruna, Sweden. Waste Management and Research, 18(6), 546-556.
Wilson D. C. (2007). Development drivers for waste management. Waste Management & Research; 25(3): 198-207. doi:10.1177/0734242X07079149
Wilson D. C., Webster M. (2018). Building capacity for community waste management in low- and middle-income countries. Waste Management & Research; 36(1):1-2. doi:10.1177/0734242X17748535
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejsss.v9i5.1870
Copyright (c) 2024 Brighton Zhongove, Ashley Cheleka, Frank Chipfunde, Emmanuel Nhedzi, Jemitias Mapira
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The research works published in this journal are free to be accessed. They can be shared (copied and redistributed in any medium or format) and\or adapted (remixed, transformed, and built upon the material for any purpose, commercially and\or not commercially) under the following terms: attribution (appropriate credit must be given indicating original authors, research work name and publication name mentioning if changes were made) and without adding additional restrictions (without restricting others from doing anything the actual license permits). Authors retain the full copyright of their published research works and cannot revoke these freedoms as long as the license terms are followed.
Copyright © 2016 - 2026. European Journal Of Social Sciences Studies (ISSN 2501-8590) is a registered trademark of Open Access Publishing Group. All rights reserved.
This journal is a serial publication uniquely identified by an International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) serial number certificate issued by Romanian National Library. All the research works are uniquely identified by a CrossRef DOI digital object identifier supplied by indexing and repository platforms. All the research works published on this journal are meeting the Open Access Publishing requirements and standards formulated by Budapest Open Access Initiative (2002), the Bethesda Statement on Open Access Publishing (2003) and Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities (2003) and can be freely accessed, shared, modified, distributed and used in educational, commercial and non-commercial purposes under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Copyrights of the published research works are retained by authors.
