TORNADOS ARGUMENTALES Y DEVASTACIÓN RELACIONAL. UN ANÁLISIS DEL CONFLICTO INTERPERSONAL DESDE UNA EPISTEMOLOGÍA MULTINIVEL / ARGUMENTATIVE TWISTERS AND RELATIONAL DEVASTATION. AN ANALYSIS OF INTERPERSONAL CONFLICT FROM A MULTILEVEL EPISTEMOLOGY

Maria L. Christiansen

Abstract


Este artículo aborda una clase especial de conflicto interpersonal del cual parece imposible salir, dada la organización recursiva de las interacciones entre los involucrados. Toma como punto de análisis la noción de impasse nuclear, propuesta por Scheinkman y Fishbane (2004); dicho constructo describe situaciones de controversia en las que ciertas pautas relacionales negativas se combinan, formando ciclos de intensificación recíproca (“círculos viciosos”) y promoviendo escaladas de violencia multidireccional. En particular, se reflexiona acerca de ciertos usos de la argumentación que afloran en las discusiones cuando los individuos adoptan posturas epistemicidas, abismales, vertiginosas y depredadoras. Se examinan los aportes filosóficos y sociológicos de autores como Carlos Pereda (1999) y Boaventura de Sousa Santos (2014) acerca de las implicaciones de posiciones objetivistas que subyacen a tal estilo argumentativo, y se exploran las estrategias racionalizadoras como respuestas autoprotectoras que las partes del sistema relacional instrumentan ante la sensación de vulnerabilidad suscitada por lo que interpretan como una ofensiva de la contraparte. El bucle recursivo se desencadena cuando los partícipes, sin advertirlo, se defienden a sí mismos de la vulnerabilidad, pero con mecanismos que, no obstante, vulneran al otro. Asimismo, se indagan las posibles fuentes que desencadenan dichas dinámicas, y que pueden remitirse a un plano transaccional, sociocultural, intrapsíquico e intergeneracional. En virtud de ello, se alude a la pertinencia del enfoque multinivel propuesto por Scheikman (2008, 2017), por su potencial para comprender el carácter complejo de las crisis en los sistemas relacionales.  

This article is about a special class of interpersonal conflict from which it seems impossible to leave, given the recursive organization of interactions between those involved. It takes as point of analysis the notion of nuclear impasse, proposed by Scheinkman and Fishbane (2004); this construct describes situations of controversy in which certain negative relational patterns combine, to form reciprocal intensification cycles (“vicious circles”) and to promote escalations of multidirectional violence. In particular, we reflect on certain uses of the argumentation that emerge in the discussions when individuals adopt epistemicidal, abysmal, vertiginous and predatory positions. It examines the philosophical and sociological contributions of authors such as Carlos Pereda (1999) and Boaventura de Sousa Santos (2014) on the implications of objectivist positions that underlie such an argumentative style, and explores the rationalizing strategies as self-protective responses that the parts of the relational system implement before the sensation of vulnerability raised by what they interpret as an offensive of the counterpart. The recursive loop is triggered when the participants, without realizing it, defend themselves against vulnerability, but with mechanisms that, however, violate the other. Likewise, the possible sources that trigger these dynamics are investigated and can be traced back to a transactional, sociocultural, intrapsychic and intergenerational plane. Accordingly, the relevance of the multi-levelapproach proposed by Scheikman (2008) is mentioned, because of its potential to understand the complex nature of crises in relational systems.

 

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Keywords


impasse nuclear, argumentación, epistemicidio, bucles recursivos, vulnerabilidad, afrontamiento, enfoque multinivel / nuclear impasse, argumentation, epistemicide, recursive loops, vulnerability, coping, multilevel approach

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejsss.v0i0.240

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