TYPES OF POLITENESS STRATEGIES AND DEGREES OF POLITENESS PERFORMED BY ENGLISH MAJOR STUDENTS IN REQUESTING FOR HELP

Phan Thi Kim Thanh, Dang Thien Ngoc, Luong Truong An, Nguyen Thi Trung Thu, Lo Do Thien Huong

Abstract


In social interaction, people need to pay attention to the face of others to maintain relationships and avoid losing their faces. To do this, people should use politeness strategies in communication. This study aims to investigate which type of politeness strategies are mostly used and the level of politeness shown by English major students in the High Quality Program in requesting help. This study is based on the theory of Brown and Levinson (1987). Based on the analysis of the data obtained from the questionnaire, negative politeness strategies were applied the most. This also performs a high degree of politeness. It shows that students majoring in English studies (High Quality Program) had an awareness of using politeness strategies in requesting help.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0704/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

Keywords


politeness, politeness strategies, request for help, face-threatening action

Full Text:

PDF

References


Al-Gahtani, S. & Alkahtani, S. A. (2012). Request Strategies by Second Language Learners of English: Pre- and Post-head Act Strategies. Studies in Literature and Language, 5(2), 16-28.

Behm, J. (2008). A Contrastive Analysis of Politeness Requests and Refusals in German and English. The Yearbook of Corpus Linguistics and Pragmatics, 3(1), 148-155. Retrieved from https://books.google.co.ls/books?id=_sklMqoT434C&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_vpt_reviews#v=onepage&q&f=false

Blum-Kulka, S., House, J. Kasper, G (eds.). (1989). Cross-cultural pragmatics: requests and apologies. Norwood, N.J.: Ablex.

Bobosuwon, T. (2015). Linguistic Politeness—A Major Tool for Cross-cultural Requests. 9(2), 94-107.

Brown, P. (1970) Face Saving Following Experimentally Induced Embarrassment. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 6, 255-271

Brown, P., & Levinson, S. (1978). Universal in Language Usage: Politeness Phenomena. In E. Goody (Ed.), Questions and Politeness: Strategies in Social Interaction. Berlin: Springer.

Brown, P., & Levinson, S. (1987). Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage. Cambridge University Press. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511813085

Chiravate, B. (2011). Perception of politeness in English requests by Thai EFL learners. The Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies, 17(2), 59 -71. https://core.ac.uk/works/4878890

Crystal D., Davy D. (1975). Advanced Conversational English. London: Longman.

Dufon MA (2008) Language socialization theory and the acquisition of pragmatics in the foreign language classroom. In: Alcon-Soler E, Martinez-Flor A (eds) Investigating Pragmatics in Foreign Language Learning, Teaching and Testing. New York: Multilingual Matters, 25–44.

Edmondson W. (1977). A Pedagogic Grammar of The English Verb: A Handbook for The German Secondary Teacher of English. Tübingen: Narr.

Harada, Y. (1996). Judgements of Politeness in L2 Acquisition. Kansas Working Papers in Linguistics, 21, 39-56.

Flöck, I. (2016). Requests in American and British English: a contrastive multi-method analysis. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.

Kasper, G. & Rose, K. R. (2002). Theories of second language pragmatic development. Language Learning 52, Supplement.

Lakoff, R. (1973). The logic of politeness, or minding your p’s and q’s’. Papers from the Ninth Regional Meeting of the Chicago Linguistics Society, 9, 292–305.

Ling, Z., & Shaojie, Z. (2018). Reconstructing the politeness principle in Chinese: A response to Gu’s approach. Intercultural Pragmatics, 15(5), 693-721. https://doi.org/10.1515/ip-2018-0024

Nelson, G. L., Carson, J., Al-Batal, M., & El Bakary, W. (2002). Cross-cultural pragmatics: Strategy use in Egyptian Arabic and American English refusals. Applied Linguistics, 23(2), 163-189.

Prodanovic, M. M. (2014). The delicate mechanism of politeness as a strong soft skill. The IUP Journal of Soft Skills, 8(4), 7-19.

Rose K, Kasper G (eds). (2001). Pragmatics in Language Teaching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Rose, K. R. (2000). An exploratory cross-sectional study of interlanguage pragmatic development. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 22, 27-67.

Sifianou, M, (2012). Disagreements, Face and Politeness. Journal of Pragmatics, 44(12), 1554-1564.

Searle, J. (1969). Speech acts: an essay in the philosophy of language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Tanaka, S., & Kawade, S. (1982). Politeness strategies and second language acquisition. Studies in second language acquisition, 5(1), 18-33.

Thomas, J. (1995). Meaning in Interaction: An Introduction to Pragmatics. London and New York: Longman, 5(3), 253-278. https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=no:603755456

Trosborg, A. (1995). Interlanguage Pragmatics: Requests, Complaints and Apologies. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.

Terkourafi, M. (2011). Thank You, Sorry and Please in Cypriot Greek: What Happens to Politeness Markers When They Are Borrowed across Languages?. Journal of Pragmatics, 43(1), 218–235.

Umar, A. (2004). Request strategies as used by advanced Arab learners of English as a foreign language. Umm Al-Qura University Journal of Education & Social Science & Humanities, 16(1).

Watts R. J. (2003) Key Topics in Sociolinguistics: Politeness. Cambridge NY: Cambridge University Press.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejes.v9i12.4568

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2022 Phan Thi Kim Thanh, Dang Thien Ngoc, Luong Truong An, Nguyen Thi Trung Thu, Lo Do Thien Huong

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Copyright © 2015-2023. European Journal of Education Studies (ISSN 2501 - 1111) is a registered trademark of Open Access Publishing Group. All rights reserved.


This journal is a serial publication uniquely identified by an International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) serial number certificate issued by Romanian National Library (Biblioteca Nationala a Romaniei). All the research works are uniquely identified by a CrossRef DOI digital object identifier supplied by indexing and repository platforms. All authors who send their manuscripts to this journal and whose articles are published on this journal retain full copyright of their articles. All the research works published on this journal are meeting the Open Access Publishing requirements and can be freely accessed, shared, modified, distributed and used in educational, commercial and non-commercial purposes under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).