CODE SWITCHING IN TEACHING ELEMENTARY ENGLISH

Jennilyn D. Geagonia

Abstract


Language is one essential factor that affects the effectiveness of communication. When it becomes a barrier to communication, it causes misunderstandings and misinterpretations, especially for students. This study assessed code-switching in grade six English in a public elementary school to help the group of students as a foundation to propose an instructional plan. The study made use of descriptive and quasi-experimental methods. Random sampling was employed, observing the specific guidelines in the data gathering procedure. Results revealed that after utilizing the code-switching method, elementary students improved their performance, determined through the gained scores in English and the essential communication skills of listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Wherein students had improved from satisfactory to outstanding performance in listening, from did not meet the expectation to fairly satisfactory performance in speaking, from satisfactory to very satisfactory performance in reading, and while their performance remained as did not meet expectation in writing. This showed that code-switching was indeed very effective. However, there are still identified weaknesses, specifically in writing skills, by which students’ performance did not meet expectations even after the code-switching method had been utilized.

 

Article visualizations:

Hit counter


Keywords


academic performance, codeswitching, elementary students, teaching English

Full Text:

PDF

References


Abalhassan, K. M., & Alshalawi, H. G. (2000). Code-switching behavior of Arab speakers of English as a second language in the United States. Intercultural communication studies, 10(1), 179-188.

Abdulbaki, K., Suhaimi, M., Alsaqqaf, A., & Jawad, W. (2018). The Impact of Using the Lecture Method on Teaching English at University. European Journal of Education Studies, 4(5), 285-302

Adriosh, M., & Razı, Ö. (2019). Teacher’s code switching in EFL undergraduate classrooms in Libya: Functions and perceptions. SAGE Open, 9(2), 2158244019846214.

Ahmadi, D., & Reza, M. (2018). The use of technology in English language learning: A literature review. International Journal of Research in English Education, 3(2), 115-125.

Al-Khatib, H. (2003). Language Alternation among Arabic and English Youth Bilinguals: Reflecting or Constructing Social Realities? International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, VI(6), 409-422.

Ardhian, T., Ummah, I., Anafiah, S., & Rachmadtullah, R. (2020). Reading and Critical Thinking Techniques on Understanding Reading Skills for Early Grade Students in Elementary School. International Journal of Instruction, 13(2), 107-118.

Auer, P. (1988). A conversation analytic approach to code-switching and transfer. In Heller, M. (Ed.), Codeswitching: Anthropological and sociolinguistic perspectives (pp. 187-214). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.

Auer, P. (2002). Code-switching in conversation: Language, interaction and identity. New York, NY: Routledge.

Bialystok, E. (2001). Bilingualism in Development. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Bravo-Sotelo, K. P., & Metila, R. A. (2021). Determining the pedagogical value of code-switching: functions of teacher code-switching in tertiary level mathematics classrooms. International Journal of Multilingualism, 1-18.

Chi, W. C. (2000). The Importance of bilingual teachers to Chinese-oriented AMEP Learners. In AMEP Conference.

Clyne, M., Clyne, M. G., & Michael, C. (2003). Dynamics of language contact: English and immigrant languages. Cambridge University Press.

Cook, V. (2001). Second language learning and teaching. (3rd Ed.). New, York: Oxford University Press.

DepEd (2012). Guidelines on the Implementation of the Mother Tongue-Based- Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE). Department of Education. Retrieved from: https://www.deped.gov.ph/2012/02/17/do-16-s-2012-guidelines-on-the-implementation-of-the-mother-tongue-based-multilingual-education-mtb-mle/

Dussias, P. E. (2001). Psycholinguistic complexity in codeswitching. International Journal of Bilingualism, 5(1), 87-100.

Eldin, A. A. T. S. (2014). Socio linguistic study of code switching of the Arabic language speakers on social networking. International journal of English linguistics, 4(6), 78.

Erbas, İsa, Çipuri, R., & Joni, A. (2021). The impact of technology on teaching and teaching English to elementary school students. Linguistics and Culture Review,5(S3), 1316-1336. https://doi.org/10.21744/lingcure.v5nS3.1815

Flores, ER. (2019). A Study on Patterns and Functions of Tagalog-English Code-Switching in Two Oral Discussions. International Journal of TESOL Studies., 57

Gainau, M. B., Labobar, K., & Yom, A. (2022). The effectiveness of the discussion method in elementary school: A case in jayapura district. The International Journal of Social Sciences World (TIJOSSW), 4(1), 181-185.

Gallagher, F. (2020). Considered in context: EFL teachers’ views on the classroom as a bilingual space and codeswitching in shared-L1 and in multilingual contexts. System, 91, 102262.

Garcines, J. V., & Alvarez, E. H. (2017). Code-switching: boon or bane. International Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Studies, 4(8), 1-10.

Holmes, J. (2000). Politeness, power and provocation: How humour functions in the workplace. Discourse studies, 2(2), 159-185.

Huerta-Macías, A., & Quintero, E. (1992). Code-switching, bilingualism, and biliteracy: A case study. Bilingual Research Journal, 16(3-4), 69-90.

Leung, C. (2006). Codeswitching in print advertisements in Hong Kong and Sweden. Lunds Universitet. Department of Linguistics and Phonetics. Unpublished Research

MacSwan, J. (2000). The architecture of the bilingual language faculty: Evidence from intrasentential code switching. Bilingualism: language and cognition, 3(1), 37-54.

Maxammatkulova, I. N. (2021). Teaching Speaking in English Lessons in Elementary School: problems and Solutions. Academic research in educational sciences, 2(7), 95-98.

Mayoux, L. (2006). Quantitative, qualitative or participatory? Which method, for what and when. Doing development research, 1, 115-129.

Milroy, L. & Wei, L. (1995). A social network approach to code-switching: the example of a bilingual community in Britain. In L. Milroy & P. Muyksen (eds.), One Speaker: Two Languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press

Moyer, M. G. (1998). Bilingual conversation strategies in Gibraltar. In P. Auer (ed.), Code-Switching in Conversation. London: Routledge

Muyksen, P. (2000). Bilingual speech: a typology of code-mixing. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Myers Scotton, C. & Jake, J. L. (2001). Explaining aspects of code switching and their implications. In J.L. Nicol (ed.), One Mind, Two Languages. Oxford: Blackwell.

Nunan, D., & Carter, R. (Eds.). (2001). The Cambridge guide to teaching English to speakers of other languages. Cambridge university press.

Octaberlina, L. R., & Anggarini, I. F. (2020). Teaching vocabulary through picture cards in Islamic Elementary School: a case study in Nida Suksa School, Thailand. Jurnal Madrasah, 13(1), 26-38.

Olivera, L. C. (2021). Code-Switching in English Class: A Strategy in Boosting Learner’s Confidence and Engagement. International Journal of Arts, Sciences and Education, 1(1), 15-28.

Osborne, D. (2020). Codeswitching practices from “other tongues” to the “mother tongue” in the provincial Philippine classroom. Linguistics and Education, 55, 100780.

Poplack, S. (1980). Sometimes I’ll start a sentence in Spanish y termino en Español. Linguistics 18: 581-618.

Riehl, C. M. (2005). Code-switching in bilinguals: Impacts of mental processes and language awareness. Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Bilingualism, 1945-1959. Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Press

Saavedra, A. (2020). Factors that contribute to the poor writing skills in Filipino and English of the elementary pupils. International Journal on Innovation, Creativity and Change, 14(5), 1090-1106

Sakaria, S., & Priyana, J. (2018). Code-Switching: A pedagogical strategy in bilingual classrooms. American Journal of Educational Research, 6(3), 175-180.

Shafi, S., Kazmi, S. H., & Asif, R. (2020). Benefits of code-switching in language learning classroom at University of Education Lahore. International Research Journal of Management, IT and Social Sciences, 7(1), 227-234.

Swann, J., & Sinka, I. (2007). Style shifting, codeswitching. Routledge

Ul-Haq, Z., Khurram, B. A., & Bangash, A. K. (2017). Development of Speaking Skills through Activity Based Learning at the Elementary Level. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 69, 241-252.

Woolard, K. A. (2004). Codeswitching. A companion to linguistic anthropology, 73-94.

Yamamoto, M. (2001). Language use in interlingual families: A Japanese-English sociolinguistic study (Vol. 30). Multilingual Matters.

Zentella, A.C. (1997). Growing up Bilingual. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejes.v9i12.4573

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2022 Jennilyn D. Geagonia

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Copyright © 2015-2023. European Journal of Education Studies (ISSN 2501 - 1111) is a registered trademark of Open Access Publishing Group. All rights reserved.


This journal is a serial publication uniquely identified by an International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) serial number certificate issued by Romanian National Library (Biblioteca Nationala a Romaniei). All the research works are uniquely identified by a CrossRef DOI digital object identifier supplied by indexing and repository platforms. All authors who send their manuscripts to this journal and whose articles are published on this journal retain full copyright of their articles. All the research works published on this journal are meeting the Open Access Publishing requirements and can be freely accessed, shared, modified, distributed and used in educational, commercial and non-commercial purposes under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).