TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP OF SCHOOL HEADS AND INDIVIDUAL WORK PERFORMANCE OF TEACHERS: THE MEDIATING EFFECT OF ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT

Dolreich Jay G. Fababier, Raymunda L. Apostol

Abstract


The purpose of this study was to determine the transformational leadership of school heads and the individual work performance of teachers as mediated by organizational commitment. Utilizing quantitative, non-experimental design via correlational technique, data were obtained from 256 respondents of the study who are teachers among public elementary schools in Cateel 1 and 2, Davao Oriental. The researcher utilized a stratified random sampling technique and an online survey mode of data collection. The researcher also utilized the statistical tools mean, Pearson r, and Medgraph using the Sobel z-test. From the results of the study, it was found that there is a very high level of transformational leadership and individual work performance. There is a high level of organizational commitment. Also, results revealed that there is a significant relationship between transformational leadership and individual work performance, a significant relationship between transformational leadership and organizational commitment, and a significant relationship between organizational commitment and individual work performance. Further, organizational commitment has a partial mediating effect on the relationship between the transformational leadership of school heads and the individual work performance of teachers.

 

Article visualizations:

Hit counter


Keywords


education, transformational leadership, individual work performance, organizational commitment, mediating effect, school heads, teachers, Philippines

Full Text:

PDF

References


Alessa, G. S. (2021). The dimensions of transformational leadership and its organizational effects in public universities in Saudi Arabia: A systematic review. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 682092. Retrieved from https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.682092/full

Alharbi, F. B. S. A., & Aljounaidi, A. (2021). Transformational leadership, transactional leadership, and employee performance. Academic Journal of Research and Scientific Publishing Vol, 3(29). Retrieved from https://www.ajrsp.com/en/Archive/issue-29/Transformational%20Leadership,%20Transactional%20Leadership.pdf

Arif, S., & Akram, A. (2018). Transformational leadership and organizational performance. SEISENSE Journal of Management, 1, 59-75. https://doi.org/10.33215/sjom.v1i3.28

Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173.

Caballero, C. G., & Guhao Jr, E. S. (2020). Structural equation model on organizational commitment of private schools' library personnel in Region XI. Review of Integrative Business and Economics Research, 9, 335-381. Retrieved from http://buscompress.com/uploads/3/4/9/8/34980536/riber_9-s3_29_h19-058_335-381.pdf

Cho Y., Shin M., Billing T. K., & Bhagat R. S. (2019). Transformational leadership, transactional leadership, and affective organizational commitment: A closer look at their relationships in two distinct national contexts. Asian Bus. Manag., 183, 187–210. DOI: 10.1057/S41291-019-00059-1

Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design, qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (2nd ed). London: Sage Publication.

Dansereau Jr, F., Graen, G., & Haga, W. J. (1975). A vertical dyad linkage approach to leadership within formal organizations: A longitudinal investigation of the role making process. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 13(1), 46-78.

Dewi, A. A. M. D., Sudja, I. N., & Yuesti, A. (2021). Role of organizational commitment on employee performance. International Journal of Sustainability, Education, and Global Creative Economic (IJSEGCE), 4(1), 17-28. Retrieved from https://journals.segce.com/index.php/IJSEGCE/article/view/169

Dhanhani, A., & Abdullah, N. H. (2022). The relationship between transformational leadership behavior, organization’s mission, and employees' job performance of Abu Dhabi National Company. Journal of Human Resources Management Research, 1-12. Retrieved from https://ibimapublishing.com/articles/JHRMR/2022/952320/952320.pdf

Eliyana, A., Ma’arif, S., & Muzzaki, M. (2019). Job satisfaction and organizational commitment affect transformational leadership toward employee performance. European Research on Management and Business Economics, 25(3), 144-150. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2444883418300196

Gao, X., Chen, H., Wu, J., & Huang, J. (2021). Task performance: Report on the study of social and emotional skills of Chinese adolescents (I). Best Evidence in Chinese Education, 9(1), 1197-1202. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1324078.pdf

Hanafi, A., Wahab, Z., & Cahyadi, A. (2020). Transactional leadership and transformational leadership, their impacts on job satisfaction: Islamic banking in south Sumatra. In 5th Sriwijaya Economics, Accounting, and Business Conference (SEABC 2019) (pp. 133-140). Atlantis Press. Retrieved from https://www.atlantis-press.com/proceedings/seabc-19/125940794

Haryaka, U., & Sjamsir, H. (2021). Factors influencing teachers’ performance in junior high school. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT), 12(6), 2058-2071. Retrieved from https://www.turcomat.org/index.php/turkbilmat/article/view/4810

Indajang, K., Halim, F., & Sudirman, A. (2021). The effectiveness of teacher performance in terms of the aspects of principal leadership, organizational culture, and teacher competence. In 2nd Annual Conference on Blended Learning, Educational Technology and Innovation (ACBLETI 2020) (pp. 402-408). Atlantis Press. Retrieved from https://www.atlantis-press.com/proceedings/acbleti-20/125957871

Islam T., Tariq J., & Usman B. (2018). Transformational leadership and four-dimensional commitment: mediating role of job characteristics and moderating role of participative and directive leadership styles. J. Manag. Dev., 37, 666–683. DOI: 10.1108/JMD-06-2017-0197/FULL/XML

Kanya, N., Fathoni, A. B., & Ramdani, Z. (2021). Factors affecting teacher performance. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, 10(4), 1462-1468. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1328059.pdf

Kappagoda, U. W. M. R. (2018). Self-efficacy, task performance, and contextual performance: A Sri Lankan experience. Available at SSRN 3198802. Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3198802

Khan, H., Rehmat, M., Butt, T. H., Farooqi, S., & Asim, J. (2020). Impact of transformational leadership on work performance, burnout, and social loafing: A mediation model. Future Business Journal, 6, 1-13. Retrieved from https://fbj.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s43093-020-00043-8

Kowalczyk, D. (2018). Descriptive research design: Definition, examples & types. Retrieved from https://study.com/academy/lesson/descriptive-research-design-definition-examples-types.html

Lai, F. Y., Tang, H. C., Lu, S. C., Lee, Y. C., & Lin, C. C. (2020). Transformational leadership and job performance: The mediating role of work engagement. Sage Open, 10(1), 2158244019899085. Retrieved from https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/2158244019899085

Landry, L. (2020). How to delegate effectively: 9 tips for managers. Harvard Business School Online. Retrieved from https://online.hbs.edu/blog/post/how-to-delegate-effectively

Le Sante, D. R., Eaton, A. A., & Viswesvaran, C. (2021). How contextual performance influences perceptions of personality and leadership potential. Revista de Psicología del Trabajo y de las Organizaciones, 37(2), 93-106. Retrieved from https://scielo.isciii.es/pdf/rpto/v37n2/1576-5962-rpto-37-2-0093.pdf

Li, H., Sajjad, N., Wang, Q., Muhammad Ali, A., Khaqan, Z., & Amina, S. (2019). Influence of transformational leadership on employees’ innovative work behavior in sustainable organizations: Test of mediation and moderation processes. Sustainability, 11, 1594. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11061594

Limon, İ., & Nartgün, Ş. S. (2020). Development of teacher job performance scale and determining teachers' job performance level. Journal of Theoretical Educational Science, 13(3), 564-590. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1289145.pdf

MacKinnon, D. P. (2008). Introduction to statistical mediation analysis. New York: Erlbaum.

Manzoor, F., Wei, L., Nurunnabi, M., Subhan, Q. A., Shah, S. I. A., & Fallatah, S. (2019). The impact of transformational leadership on job performance and CSR as a mediator in SMEs. Sustainability, 11, 436. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11020436

Mathende, T., & Yousefi, M. (2021). Transformational leadership role and means efficacy on work performance under volatile uncertain complex and ambiguous environments. Open Journal of Leadership, 10(4), 277-299. Retrieved from https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation?paperid=113698

McGregor, D. M. (1957). Human side of enterprise. Management Review 46: 622-628.

McKenna, H. (2022). Leadership execution skills matter. Here are 5 ways to hone yours. Retrieved from https://www.soundingboardinc.com/blog/leadership-capability-execution/

Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1997). Commitment in the workplace: Theory, research and application. California: Sage publications.

Mustafa, M. Z. B., Nordin, M. B., Razzaq, A. R. B. A., & bin Ibrahim, B. (2020). Organizational commitment of vocational college teachers in Malaysia. PalArch's Journal of Archaeology of Egypt/Egyptology, 17(9), 5023-5029. Retrieved from https://archives.palarch.nl/index.php/jae/article/view/4737

Mwesigwa R., Tusiime I., & Ssekiziyivu B. (2020). Leadership styles, job satisfaction and organizational commitment among academic staff in public universities. J. Manag. Dev., 39, 253–268. DOI: 10.1108/JMD-02-2018-0055/FULL/XML

Palenzuela, P., Delgado, N., & Rodríguez, J. A. (2019). Exploring the relationship between contextual performance and burnout in healthcare professionals. Revista de Psicología del Trabajo y de las Organizaciones, 35(2), 115-121. Retrieved from https://www.redalyc.org/journal/2313/231360295008/231360295008.pdf

Patidar, J. (2013). Non-experimental research design. Retrieved from http://www.slideshare.net/drjayesshpatidar/nonexperimental-research-design

Peng, S., Liao, Y., & Sun, R. (2020). The influence of transformational leadership on employees’ affective organizational commitment in public and nonprofit organizations: A moderated mediation model. Public Personnel Management, 49(1), 29-56. Retrieved from https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0091026019835233

Ramos-Villagrasa, P. J., Fernández-del-Río, E., Koopmans, L., & Barrada, J. R. (2019). Assessing job performance using brief self-report scales: The case of the individual work performance questionnaire. Revista de Psicología del Trabajo y de las Organizaciones, 35(3), 195-205. Retrieved from https://scielo.isciii.es/pdf/rpto/v35n3/1576-5962-rpto-35-3-0195.pdf

Ricciardi, F. (2020). How to be more execution focus as a leader. Retrieved https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/how-more-execution-focus-leader-fabrizio-ricciardi?trk=read_related_article-card_title

Sahu, S., Pathardikar, A., & Kumar, A. (2017). Transformational leadership and turnover: Mediating effects of employee engagement, employer branding, and psychological attachment. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 39(1), 82-99. Retrieved from https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/LODJ-12-20140243/full/html?fbclid=IwAR3r7WGktYSmIpSZ0y7SjXUvXskq7egp7uwu96WXVz72svE8A9VqdplzJ8

Salkind, N., Jr. (2007). Encyclopedia of measurements and statistics. Retrieved from https://dx/doi.org/10.4135/97814129526644.n439.

Sarhan, N., Harb, A., Shrafat, F., & Alhusban, M. (2020). The effect of organizational culture on the organizational commitment: Evidence from hotel industry. Management Science Letters, 10(1), 183-196. Retrieved from http://growingscience.com/beta/msl/3400-the-effect-of-organizational-culture-on-the-organizational-commitment-evidence-from-hotel-industry.html

Shahin, A. I. (2021). The relationship between managerial power and transformational leadership. Helwan University. Retrieved from https://jces.journals.ekb.eg/article_218351_000e06c5726bff2818994a8b4f5a9ce5.pdf

Stephanie, E. (2003). Slovin's formula sampling techniques. Houghton-Mifflin, New York, USA

Sypniewska, B. (2020). Counterproductive work behavior and organizational citizenship behavior. Advances in Cognitive Psychology, 16(4), 321. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7809919

Trefry, R. G. (2017). Research methods information: Quantitative research. Retrieved from https://apus.libguides.com/research_methods_guide/research_methods_quantitative

Udin, U. (2020). Transformational leadership and organizational commitment: A review of literature. Journal of Research and Opinion, 7(2), 2623-2626. Retrieved from https://researchopinion.in/index.php/jro/article/view/49

Zhenjing, G., Chupradit, S., Ku, K. Y., Nassani, A. A., & Haffar, M. (2022). Impact of employees' workplace environment on employees' performance: A multi-mediation model. Frontiers in Public Health, 10, 890400. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9136218/

Zubaidah, M. A. S., Ng, S. I., Ho, J. A., & Murali, S. (2019). A review on counterproductive work behavior (CWB) and EVLN coping strategy model amongst flight attendants. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 9(10), 118-138. Retrieved from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/a60c/b88cd2f832f0d43da4d886fc94dadb37b8ff.pdf




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejes.v11i5.5283

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2024 Dolreich Jay G. Fababier, Raymunda L. Apostol

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Copyright © 2015-2023. European Journal of Education Studies (ISSN 2501 - 1111) is a registered trademark of Open Access Publishing Group. All rights reserved.

This journal is a serial publication uniquely identified by an International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) serial number certificate issued by Romanian National Library (Biblioteca Nationala a Romaniei). All the research works are uniquely identified by a CrossRef DOI digital object identifier supplied by indexing and repository platforms. All authors who send their manuscripts to this journal and whose articles are published on this journal retain full copyright of their articles. All the research works published on this journal are meeting the Open Access Publishing requirements and can be freely accessed, shared, modified, distributed and used in educational, commercial and non-commercial purposes under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).