THE CONTRIBUTION OF TEACHER FEEDBACK IN ENHANCING STUDENTS' COGNITIVE SKILLS IN SECONDARY EDUCATION: A REVIEW OF RESEARCH, PROPOSALS, AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS

Angelos Charalampous, Maria Darra

Abstract


Feedback is essential for helping students identify their weaknesses and improve their performance, ultimately reducing the gap between their current abilities and desired goals. To be effective, feedback should be immediate, clear, and offer actionable suggestions for improvement. In secondary education, feedback aims to foster autonomy, responsibility, and self-regulation skills, preparing learners for their future paths. Skills can be categorized into cognitive and non-cognitive types, the latter including personal, social, and strategic skills. This research analyzed thirty-three studies published in the last decade using the PRISMA 2020 methodology to assess the impact of feedback on the non-cognitive skills of secondary education students. The research concluded that teacher feedback positively influences several areas: a) Personal development, as it enhances self-regulation, self-esteem, resilience, and emotional management; b) Social development, as it encourages extroversion and boosts social intelligence, improving students' ability to navigate social interactions; c) The development of mindset and attitudes, enhancing student motivation and responsibility; d) Cultural development, by increasing cultural awareness and contributing to a more active social identity; e) Learning strategies, as it improves critical thinking, creativity, and written argumentation skills.

 

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teacher feedback, non-cognitive skills, primary education, student’s performance

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejes.v12i4.5899

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