LECTURE PSYCHOLOGIQUE DES COMPORTEMENTS ATYPIQUES ET DIVERSIFIES DE LA POPULATION DE KINSHASA A LA SUITE DE LA COVID-19
Abstract
La pandémie de COVID-19 a profondément marqué les sociétés humaines, affectant non seulement l’économie et la politique, mais également la santé mentale. À Kinshasa, les mesures de confinement, la peur de la contamination et l’incertitude ont provoqué des manifestations psychologiques et comportementales atypiques, telles que l’anxiété sévère, la dépression, l’hypersensibilité ou l’isolement social. Ces réactions traduisent une fragilité psychique et soulignent l’importance d’une analyse psychologique des comportements de la population kinoise. L’étude visait à identifier les principaux troubles psychologiques développés pendant la pandémie, à caractériser le niveau et le type d’anxiété, et à proposer une lecture psychologique des comportements atypiques et diversifiés. Les résultats montrent que l’anxiété était principalement psychique, accompagnée de troubles de l’humeur, de difficultés de concentration et de manifestations somatiques telles que palpitations, troubles musculaires et gastro-intestinaux. Ces effets multidimensionnels exposent la population à un risque accru de troubles chroniques et nécessitent une prise en charge intégrée combinant interventions psychologiques, soutien social et suivi médical. La recherche met en lumière la nécessité d’adapter les stratégies de santé publique aux réalités locales, en tenant compte des facteurs culturels, sociaux et économiques. Elle invite à considérer l’impact psychologique des crises sanitaires comme un enjeu central de santé publique, en renforçant la prévention, la sensibilisation et la résilience communautaire face aux situations de stress prolongé.
The COVID-19 pandemic profoundly affected human societies, impacting not only the economy and politics but also mental health. In Kinshasa, confinement measures, fear of infection, and uncertainty led to atypical psychological and behavioral manifestations such as severe anxiety, depression, hypersensitivity, and social withdrawal. These reactions reflect psychological fragility and highlight the importance of analyzing the population’s behaviors from a psychological perspective. This study aimed to identify the main psychological disorders developed during the pandemic, characterize the level and type of anxiety, and provide a psychological interpretation of atypical and diverse behaviors. The results show that anxiety was mainly psychological, accompanied by mood disorders, concentration difficulties, and somatic symptoms such as palpitations, muscle, and gastrointestinal disturbances. These multidimensional effects expose the population to an increased risk of chronic disorders and require integrated care combining psychological interventions, social support, and medical monitoring. The research highlights the need to adapt public health strategies to local realities, taking cultural, social, and economic factors into account. It emphasizes that the psychological impact of health crises should be considered a central public health concern, strengthening prevention, awareness, and community resilience in the face of prolonged stress.
Article visualizations:
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Bourdieu, P. (1984). Distinction: A social critique of the judgement of taste. Harvard: Harvard University Press. Retrieved from https://monoskop.org/images/e/e0/Pierre_Bourdieu_Distinction_A_Social_Critique_of_the_Judgement_of_Taste_1984.pdf
Brooks, S. K., Webster, R. K., Smith, L. E., Woodland, L., Wessely, S., Greenberg, N., & Rubin, G. J. (2020). The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: Rapid review of the evidence. The Lancet, 395(10227), 912–920. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30460-8
Castells, M. (1997). The power of identity. Blackwell Publishers. London: Pearson. Retrieved from https://cdn.oujdalibrary.com/books/1001/1001-the-power-of-identity-the-information-age-economy-society-and-culture-volume-ii-second-edition-information-age-series-(www.tawcer.com).pdf
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (4th ed.). London: SAGE Publications. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Leopold-Hamminger/post/Can_you_help_me_clarify_what_type_of_qualitative_research_design_to_use/attachment/59d64d4579197b80779a6db2/AS%3A487475249455105%401493234564396/download/Creswell+-+Research+Design.pdf
Garfin, D. R., Silver, R. C., & Holman, E. A. (2020). The novel coronavirus (COVID-2019) outbreak: Amplification of public health consequences by media exposure. Health Psychology, 39(5), 355–357. https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0000875
Ghiglione, R., & Matalon, B. (2001). L’enquête et ses méthodes: L’enquête par questionnaire. Paris: Armand Colin. Retrieved from https://moodle.umontpellier.fr/pluginfile.php/1249520/mod_folder/content/0/Les%20enqu%C3%AAtes%20par%20questionnaire.pdf?forcedownload=1
Hamilton, M. (1959). The assessment of anxiety states by rating. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 32(1), 50–55. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8341.1959.tb00467.x
Hochschild, A. R. (1979). Emotion work, feeling rules, and social structure. American Journal of Sociology, 85(3), 551–575. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/2778583
Ibimi Ngambun Benjamin Junior. (2022). Communication étatique et perception du risque à Kinshasa pendant la COVID-19. [Rapport non publié].
Ko, N. Y., Hsu, S. P., & Li, C. S. (2020). Cultural influences on health-seeking behaviors during epidemics in sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of Global Health, 10(1), 010303.
Lau, J. T. F., Griffiths, S., Choi, K. C., & Tsui, H. Y. (2021). Widespread public misconceptions about COVID-19 and the need for accurate health communication. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(4), 1784.
Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. Springer Publishing Company. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/rwe/10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_215
Likert, R. (1932). A technique for the measurement of attitudes. Archives of Psychology, 140, 1–55. Retrieved from https://legacy.voteview.com/pdf/Likert_1932.pdf
Maier, W., Buller, R., Philipp, M., & Heuser, I. (1988). The Hamilton Anxiety Scale: Reliability, validity and sensitivity to change in anxiety and depressive disorders. Journal of Affective Disorders, 14(1), 61–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-0327(88)90072-9
Mayala, B., Nkunku, F., & Tshilombo, P. (2022). Gestion de la crise sanitaire en République Démocratique du Congo: Accès aux soins et coordination. [Rapport de recherche].
Mbembe, A. (2020). Critique de la raison nègre. Paris : La Découverte. Retrieved from https://www.editionsladecouverte.fr/critique_de_la_raison_negre-9782707177476
Moscovici, S. (1961). La psychanalyse, son image et son public. Paris : Presses Universitaires de France. Retrieved from https://www.persee.fr/doc/rfsoc_0035-2969_1961_num_2_4_5992
Mulaji, C., Ngamaba, K., & Tshisekedi, M. (2021). Sensibilisation et perception de la COVID-19 à Kinshasa. [Rapport de terrain].
Mulumbati, J. (2022). Comportements sociaux et adaptation psychologique à Kinshasa pendant la COVID-19. Kinshasa : Université de Kinshasa.
Mwamba, F. (2024). Engagement communautaire et santé mentale en période de pandémie à Kinshasa. Kinshasa : Université de Kinshasa.
Ngamaba, K. H., Mulaji, C. K., & Kasongo, J. (2022). Quality of life and mental health during COVID-19 in Kinshasa: Anxiety and depression prevalence. African Health Sciences, 22(1), 101–112.
Nkodila, P., Banza, A., & Kabasele, L. (2021). Effets psychologiques de la pandémie de COVID-19 sur la population kinoise. Revue Congolaise de Psychologie, 12(2), 45–62.
Pichot, P. (1981). Échelles d’évaluation de l’anxiété et de la dépression. Paris : Presses Universitaires de France.
Taylor, S. (2021). The psychology of pandemics: Preparing for the next global outbreak of infectious disease. Cambridge : Cambridge Scholars Publishing. Retrieved from https://cambridgescholars.com/product/978-1-5275-3959-4/
Vindegaard, N., & Benros, M. E. (2020). COVID-19 pandemic and mental health consequences: Systematic review of the current evidence. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 89, 531–542. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.048
Xiong, J., Lipsitz, O., Nasri, F., Lui, L. M., Gill, H., Phan, L., ... & McIntyre, R. S. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health in the general population: A systematic review. Journal of Affective Disorders, 277, 55–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.08.001
Yin, R. K. (2018). Case study research and applications: Design and methods (6th ed.). London : SAGE Publications. Retrieved from https://uk.sagepub.com/en-gb/eur/case-study-research-and-applications/book250150
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejes.v13i2.6525
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2026 Pierre Mfutila Kolele
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright © 2015-2026. European Journal of Education Studies (ISSN 2501 - 1111) is a registered trademark of Open Access Publishing Group. All rights reserved.
This journal is a serial publication uniquely identified by an International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) serial number certificate issued by Romanian National Library (Biblioteca Nationala a Romaniei). All the research works are uniquely identified by a CrossRef DOI digital object identifier supplied by indexing and repository platforms. All authors who send their manuscripts to this journal and whose articles are published on this journal retain full copyright of their articles. All the research works published on this journal are meeting the Open Access Publishing requirements and can be freely accessed, shared, modified, distributed and used in educational, commercial and non-commercial purposes under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).
