EDUCATIONAL POLICY RESPONSES TO POOR SCHOOL ATTENDANCE IN ARTISANAL OIL REFINING COMMUNITIES OF SOUTHERN IJAW LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, BAYELSA STATE, NIGERIA / RÉPONSES DES POLITIQUES ÉDUCATIVES À LA FAIBLE FRÉQUENTATION SCOLAIRE DANS LES COMMUNAUTÉS DE RAFFINAGE ARTISANAL DU PÉTROLE DE LA ZONE DE GOUVERNEMENT LOCAL DE SOUTHERN IJAW, ÉTAT DE BAYELSA, NIGÉRIA
Abstract
The study examined educational policy responses to poor attendance in artisanal oil-refining communities of Southern Ijaw Local Government Area, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The objective was to examine educational policy to address poor school attendance among secondary school students in oil-refining communities in the Southern Ijaw Local Government Area of Bayelsa State, one of Nigeria’s 36 states. The study had five 5 objectives, research questions, and research hypotheses. The methodology employed is a descriptive survey design; the study population is 2,815, with a sample size of 350 respondents. The questionnaire instrument, titled Educational Policy Response and School Attendance Questionnaire [EPRSAQ], was adopted; it has 35 items and a reliability coefficient of 0.82, indicating consistency. The findings showed that poverty, artisanal oil-refining, environmental pollution, economic hardship, and inadequate educational incentives were perceived as important factors associated with poor school attendance, with a grand mean of 3.49. While artisanal refining [r = - 0.021, p=.734] and socio- economic factors [ r =- 0.063, p=.309] were not significantly related to attendance, with indicators of findings reflecting strong perceptions rather than statistically established effects, the study concludes that poor school attendance is perceived as associated with and linked to poverty, economic hardship, insecurity, environmental pollution, artisanal refining, and inadequate educational incentives in Bayelsa State. The study made five recommendations, which include, among others: improve government intervention and monitoring through stronger implementation, targeting, and accountability.
Cette étude a examiné les réponses des politiques éducatives face à la faible fréquentation scolaire dans les communautés de raffinage artisanal de pétrole de la zone de gouvernement local de Southern Ijaw, dans l'État de Bayelsa, au Nigéria. L'étude a adopté une méthode d'enquête descriptive, avec une population de 2 815 personnes et un échantillon de 350 répondants comprenant des directeurs, des enseignants et des élèves. Les données ont été recueillies au moyen du l’Educational Policy Response and School Attendance Questionnaire (EPRSAQ), composé de 35 items et présentant un coefficient global de fiabilité de 0,82. Les résultats indiquent que la pauvreté, les difficultés économiques, le raffinage artisanal du pétrole, la pollution environnementale, l'insécurité et l'insuffisance des mesures d'incitation à l'éducation sont perçus comme des facteurs importants associés à la faible fréquentation scolaire. Les programmes d'alimentation scolaire, les interventions gouvernementales, les campagnes de sensibilisation, les services de conseil et les bourses d'études sont perçus comme des réponses politiques potentiellement efficaces. Bien que le raffinage artisanal et les facteurs socio-économiques n'aient pas présenté de relations statistiquement significatives avec la fréquentation scolaire, la mesure composite des politiques éducatives existantes a montré une relation significative mais modeste avec la fréquentation scolaire (r = 0,135, p = 0,027). L'étude recommande de renforcer la mise en œuvre, le ciblage, le suivi et la responsabilisation de la mise en œuvre des interventions éducatives au sein des communautés concernées.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abu, C. U. (2025). Between livelihood and liability: Socioeconomic costs of artisanal refining in Rivers State, Nigeria. University of Nigeria Journal of Political Economy, 15(2), 110–126. Retrieved from https://www.unjpe.com/index.php/UNJPE/article/view/319
Afowowe, H. B., Ozakpo, O. A., & Kpang, M. B. T. (2025). Socio-economic disaster outcomes of artisanal refining in the fringes of Imo River. International Journal of Science Academic Research, 6(12), 11203–11211. Retrieved from https://www.scienceijsar.com/sites/default/files/article-pdf/IJSAR-3230.pdf
Diagi, B. E., Iwuji, M., Diagi, D. O., Uchechi, O., Ajiere, S. I., & Edokpa, D. O. (2025). Impact of artisanal refining on soil and human health: A case study of Oyigba Community, Rivers State, Nigeria. World News of Natural Sciences, 60, 259–279. Retrieved from https://www.worldnewsnaturalsciences.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/WNOFNS-60-2025-259-279-1.pdf
Eli, A. A., Angaye, T. C. N., & Abowei, J. F. N. (2025). Environmental impact, health implications, and socio-economic consequences of artisanal crude oil refining in the Niger Delta, Nigeria: A comprehensive review. International Journal of Environment and Pollution Research, 13(1), 19–33. Retrieved from https://eajournals.org/ijepr/wp-content/uploads/sites/59/2025/04/Environmental-Impact.pdf
Godbless, D. D. (2024). Artisanal refining of crude oil and its increase implication on the youths of Niger Delta Region of Nigeria. International Journal of Social Sciences, 7(2), 82–95. Retrieved from https://iigdpublishers.com/storage/Ss5iNVqEpJ8axWHrl6M4p1Y6PttO5i-metaQXJ0aXNhbmFsIFJlZmluaW5nIE9mIENydWRlIE9pbCBhbmQgSXRzIEluY3JlYXNlIEltcGxpY2F0aW9uIG9uIHRoZSBZb3V0aHMgb2YgTmlnZXIgRGVsdGEgUmVnaW9uIG9mIE5pZ2VyaWE3LnBkZg==-.pdf
Hattori, H. (2014). Demographic and socioeconomic determinants of school attendance: An analysis of household survey data. UNESCO Institute for Statistics/UNICEF Global Initiative on Out-of-School Children. Retrieved from https://www.allinschool.org/media/1966/file/Paper-OOSCI-Demographic-Socioeconomic-Determinants-2014-en.pdf
John, E. O., & Nnadozie, J. (2021). Artisanal crude refining in Niger Delta and its impact on the cultural and religious beliefs of the people. GNOSI: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Human Theory and Praxis, 4(1), 112–124.
Mezie-Okoye, C. C. (2022). The political economy of artisanal refining in the Niger Delta. Sapientia Global Journal of Arts, Humanities and Development Studies, 5(2), 7–18. Retrieved from https://www.sgojahds.com/index.php/SGOJAHDS/article/view/339
Miya, Y. Y., Sarkingobir, Y., Hiliya, A. A., Sidi, A. S., & Bello, Z. (2023). Absenteeism of some students in secondary school in Sokoto East, Nigeria. Journal of Elementary and Secondary School, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.31098/jess.v1i2.1578
National Population Commission, & Federal Ministry of Education. (2015). Nigeria Education Data Survey (NEDS) 2015: Attendance rates and schooling status. Abuja, Nigeria: National Population Commission. Retrieved from https://shared.rti.org/content/2015-nigeria-national-education-data-survey-neds
National Population Commission. (2008). Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey: Educational attendance indicators. Abuja, Nigeria: National Population Commission.
Ndanusa, M. M., Abayomi, Q. K., & Harada, Y. (2021). Examining the fragments and causes of increasing out-of-school children in Nigeria. Journal of African Studies and Development, 13(4), 66–73. https://doi.org/10.5897/JASD2021.0628
Niger Delta Partnership Initiatives. (2022). Illegal artisanal oil refining in the Niger Delta: Responding to environmental crime and insecurity. Partners for Peace/Partnership Initiatives in the Niger Delta.
Obiakor, T. E. (2025). Are low-cost private schools accessible and equitable? Examining the drivers of public versus private primary school attendance in rural and urban Nigeria. Comparative Education Review, 69(2), 234–268. https://doi.org/10.1086/735702
Oladoyin, A. M., Pokubo, I. E., & Osimen, G. U. (2024). Artisanal petroleum refining and health security in Rivers State, Nigeria. Heritage and Sustainable Development, 6(2), 589–604. https://doi.org/10.37868/hsd.v6i2.584
Ottih, R. I., Barikor, I., & Alapiki, H. E. (2023). Artisanal refining and conflict in Rivers State. International Journal of Social Sciences and Management Review, 6(4), 1–15. Retrieved from https://ijssmr.org/vol-6-issue-4/artisanal-refining-and-conflict-in-rivers-state/
Shehu, H. K. (2018). Factors influencing primary school non-attendance among children in North West Nigeria. Educational Research Review, University of Aberdeen Working Paper Series. Retrieved from https://infonomics-society.org/wp-content/uploads/licej/published-papers/volume-9-2018/Factors-Influencing-Primary-School-Non-attendance.pdf
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejes.v13i9.7006
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2026 Grace Barinaada Ibaba

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright © 2015-2026. European Journal of Education Studies (ISSN 2501 - 1111) is a registered trademark of Open Access Publishing Group. All rights reserved.
This journal is a serial publication uniquely identified by an International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) serial number certificate issued by Romanian National Library (Biblioteca Nationala a Romaniei). All the research works are uniquely identified by a CrossRef DOI digital object identifier supplied by indexing and repository platforms. All authors who send their manuscripts to this journal and whose articles are published on this journal retain full copyright of their articles. All the research works published on this journal are meeting the Open Access Publishing requirements and can be freely accessed, shared, modified, distributed and used in educational, commercial and non-commercial purposes under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).



