THEORETICAL CORRELATION OF AGEING, MENTAL ACTIVITY AND MEMORY RECALL: IMPLICATION FOR SECURITY PERSONNEL
Abstract
This study explored theoretical correlation of ageing, mental activity and memory recall and its implication for security personnel. Ebbinghaus’ experiment with the list of nonsense syllables in 1885 has created the awareness that a lot factors can influence brain behaviour; critically ageing and mental activity. Despite the abundance of empirical literature on varying experiments to expose the correlation of brain behaviour and other human behavioural outcomes, the need to establish theoretical basis for understanding these relationships becomes important. Using Two-Stage Process theory of memory recall by Watkins and Gardiner (1979) which emphasized search and retrieval process; and Encoding Specificity theory by Tulving and Donald (1973) which emphasized encoding conditions and conditions at the time of retrieval, memory recall process was reviewed as brain behaviour in the light of how ageing and mental activity (cognitive exercise) may influence it. Given the found theoretical linkage, it is recommended that positive valences which improve mental wellbeing and varying brain behavior be encouraged in the workplace to improve the quality of human output in the organization.
Article visualizations:
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Bahrick H.P. (1970). Two-phase model for prompted recall. Psychological Review, 77, 215-222
Bergström, J. A. (1894). The relation of the interference to the practice effect of an association. The American Journal of Psychology, 6(3), 433-442.
Bermingham, D.; Hill, R. D.; Woltz, D.; Gardner, M. K. (2013). "Cognitive Strategy Use and Measured Numeric Ability in Immediate- and Long-Term Recall of Everyday Numeric Information". PLOS ONE. 8 (3): 1–10.
Bernbach, H. A. (1975). Rate of presentation in free recall: A problem for two-stage memory theories. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 1(1), 18.
Botvinick, M.; Wang, J.; Cowan, E.; Roy, S.; Bastianen, C.; Mayo, P.J.; Houk, J.C. (2009). "An analysis of immediate serial recall performance in a macaque". Animal Cognition. 12: 671–678.
Brédart, S. & Barsics, C. (2012). "Recalling Semantic and Episodic Memory from Faces and Voices: A Face Advantage". Current Directions in Psychological Science. 21 (6): 378–381.
Brown, Peter C.; Roediger III, Henry L.; McDaniel, Mark A. (2014). Make it Stick. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
Brown, R. T., Ahalt, C., Steinman, M. A., Kruger, K., & Williams, B. A. (2014). Police on the front line of community geriatric health care: Challenges and opportunities. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 62(11), 2191-2198.
Cansino, S., Trejo-Morales, P., Estrada-Manilla, C., Pasaye-Alcaraz, E. H., Aguilar-Castañeda, E., Salgado-Lujambio, P., & Sosa-Ortiz, A. L. (2015). Brain activity during source memory retrieval in young, middle-aged and old adults. Brain research, 1618, 168-180.
Conway, M. A. (2009). Episodic Memory. Neuropsychologia, 47, 2305-2306
Ebbinghaus, H. (1885/1962). Memory: A contribution to experimental psychology. New York: Dover.
Gotoh, F. (2012). "Affective valence of words impacts recall from auditory working memory". Journal of Cognitive Psychology. 24 (2): 117–124
Hall, D., Susan, E. & Gathercol, S. (2011). "Serial recall of rhythms and verbal sequences: Impacts of concurrent tasks and irrelevant sound". Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. 64 (1): 1580–1592.
Liederbach, J., & Stelle, C. D. (2010). Policing a graying population: A study of police contacts with older adults. Journal of Crime and Justice, 33(1), 37-68.
McRae, K., & Jones, M. (2013) "Semantic Memory". In Reisberg, Daniel. The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Psychology206–216. . New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Meusel, L. A., Grady, C. L., Ebert, P. E., & Anderson, N. D. (2017). Brain–behavior relationships in source memory: Effects of age and memory ability. Cortex, 91, 221-233.
Oyewunmi, A. E., Oyewunmi, O. A., Iyiola, O. O., & Ojo, A. Y. (2015). Mental health and the Nigerian workplace: Fallacies, facts and the way forward. International Journal of Psychology and Counselling, 7(7), 106-111.
Salthouse, T. A. (2006). Mental exercise and mental aging: evaluating the validity of the "use it or lose it" hypothesis. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 1(1), 68-87.
Stoddard, A. M.; Wright, E.; (2006). Long-term effects of cognitive training on everyday functional outcomes in older adults. JAMA, 296(23), 2805-2814.
Tarnow, E. (2016). First direct evidence of two stages in free recall and three corresponding estimates of working memory capacity. Quantitative Biology, arXiv preprint arXiv: 605-618.
Tulving E (1984). "Precis of Elements of Episodic Memory". Behavioural and Brain Sciences 7(2): 223–68.
Tulving, E., & Donald, T. (1973). "Encoding specificity and retrieval processes in episodic memory". Psychological Review 80(5), 352–373.
Watkins, M.; Gardiner, J. M. (1979). "An appreciation of the generate-recognize theory of recall". Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 18, 687–704
Westbrook, A. H. (2011). Mental health legislation and involuntary commitment in Nigeria: A call for reform. Wash. U. Global Stud. L. Rev., 10, 397.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejse.v0i0.1484
Copyright © 2015 - 2023. European Journal of Special Education Research (ISSN 2501 - 2428) is a registered trademark of Open Access Publishing Group. All rights reserved.
This journal is a serial publication uniquely identified by an International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) serial number certificate issued by Romanian National Library (Biblioteca Nationala a Romaniei). All the research works are uniquely identified by a CrossRef DOI digital object identifier supplied by indexing and repository platforms.
All the research works published on this journal are meeting the Open Access Publishing requirements and can be freely accessed, shared, modified, distributed and used in educational, commercial and non-commercial purposes under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).