STAKEHOLDERS’ PERSPECTIVE OF NATURE EXPO THERAPY ON THE ENHANCEMENT OF SENSORY INTEGRATION ABILITY OF CHILDREN WITH AUTISTIC SPECTRUM DISORDERS / PERSPECTIVE DES PARTIES PRENANTES CONCERNANT L’EFFET DE LA THÉRAPIE DE L'EXPO NATURE SUR L'AMÉLIORATION DE LA CAPACITÉ D'INTÉGRATION SENSORIELLE DES ENFANTS ATTEINTS DE TROUBLES DU SPECTRE AUTISTIQUE

Melem Linda Fangwi, Therese Tchombe

Abstract


Absence of exposure to nature can lead to deficiencies in several aspects of life. For many children with autistic spectrum disorders, these limitations manifest in areas such as language and collaborative skills, imaginative abilities, attention span, and a sense of wonder, all of which are crucial for lifelong learning, health, and overall lifestyle. This study aimed to investigate the impact of nature exposure therapy on enhancing sensory integrative abilities in pupils with autistic spectrum disorders in the Buea municipality. Employing a qualitative approach, the study utilized interview guides and observational checklists for data collection. Purposive sampling was employed to select 15 participants, including 5 pupils, 5 teachers, 3 parents, and 2 caregivers of children with ASD. The findings indicated that learners with autism benefited from exposure to various therapeutic natural environments, including horticultural, pet, and aquatic zones, all of which positively influenced their sensory integration abilities. Moreover, it was observed that most children with autism, whether exhibiting hyper- or hypo-reactivity, showed moderate reactivity to nature after undergoing nature expo therapy. However, several barriers to this intervention were identified, such as fear of the unknown, poverty, natural disasters, insecurity, and overprotective parenting. Despite these challenges, the nature expo therapy led to significant improvements in various aspects of children with autistic spectrum disorders, including attention, motor skills, cognitive function, anxiety reduction, agility, and coordination. In conclusion, the study highlighted the diverse positive impacts of nature expo therapy on learners with autistic spectrum disorders, particularly in enhancing sensory integration abilities. It was recommended that teachers, school administrators, parents, and other stakeholders incorporate outdoor activities into the lives of children with autism to facilitate their engagement with nature.

Le manque de temps passé dans la nature entraîne des déficiences dans plusieurs domaines de la vie. Pour la plupart des enfants atteints de troubles du spectre autistique, ces insuffisances sont observées dans des domaines tels que le langage et les compétences de collaboration, les capacités imaginatives, l'attention et le sens de l'émerveillement, qui sont vitaux pour l'apprentissage tout au long de la vie, la santé et le mode de vie. Cette étude a cherché à examiner l'effet de la thérapie d'exposition à la nature sur l'amélioration des capacités d'intégration sensorielle chez les élèves atteints de troubles du spectre autistique dans la municipalité de Buéa. L'étude a adopté une approche qualitative et a utilisé des guides d'entretien et des listes de contrôle d'observation pour la collecte des données. La technique d'échantillonnage par choix raisonné a été utilisée pour sélectionner 15 participants (5 élèves, 5 enseignants, 3 parents et 2 personnes s'occupant d'enfants atteints de TSA) pour l'étude. Les résultats ont révélé que les apprenants autistes étaient exposés aux environnements naturels suivants, identifiés comme zones thérapeutiques : Zone thérapeutique horticole, Zone thérapeutique animalière et Zone thérapeutique aquatique. Ces trois zones ont eu un impact positif sur la capacité d'intégration sensorielle des apprenants autistes. Il a également été constaté que la plupart des enfants autistes (hyper et hypo) présentaient une réactivité modérée à l'environnement naturel après l'exposition à la nature, plutôt qu'une hyper ou hypo réactivité avant l'utilisation de la thérapie d'exposition à la nature. Cependant, il existe des obstacles majeurs à cet exercice tels que la peur de l'inconnu, la pauvreté, les catastrophes naturelles, l'insécurité, la nature surprotectrice des parents, et bien d'autres encore. On s'est également rendu compte que l'expo nature a permis d'améliorer considérablement les aspects suivants chez les enfants autistes : l'attention, la motricité, les fonctions cognitives, la réduction de l'anxiété, l'agilité et la coordination. Il a été conclu que la thérapie de l'expo nature a un impact positif sur les apprenants atteints de troubles du spectre autistique de diverses manières, y compris sur la capacité d'intégration sensorielle. Il a été recommandé que les enseignants, les administrateurs scolaires, les parents et les autres parties prenantes intègrent des moments en plein air dans la vie des enfants autistes et leur permettent de vivre dans la nature.

 

 

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Keywords


autistic spectrum disorders, enhancement, integration, nature-expo therapy, sensory, perspective, stakeholders / troubles du spectre autistique, amélioration, intégration, thérapie nature-expo, sensorielle, perspective, parties prenantes

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejse.v10i2.5256

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