TEENAGE MOTHERS’ INVOLVEMENT IN THEIR CHILDREN’S ACQUISITION OF PRE-LITERACY SKILLS: A CASE OF KILIFI COUNTY, KENYA

Henry Murong’a, Teresa Mwoma, Hudson Ouko

Abstract


Early literacy is an integral part in children’s learning. It is crucial in a child’s education cycle since it is the basic foundation on which all further learning is built. Many researchers have argued that since parents are the first teachers that a child encounter, it is important to find out how they can be involved in their children’s acquisition of pre-literacy skills. The two major ways of parental involvement that have been put forward are provision of resources that promote acquisition of pre-literacy skills and involving children in literary rich engagements. Unfortunately, studies on how teenage mothers can be actively involved in promoting their children’s acquisition of pre-literacy skills are scanty. Since teenage mothers are young and most of them depend on their parents for financial support and nurturance, it is important to find out how effective they can get involved in promoting their children’s acquisition of pre-literacy skills. Therefore, this article, highlights findings from a study that sought to establish whether teenage mothers are involved adequately in their children’s acquisition of pre-literacy skills. The study was based on Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological systems theory and employed descriptive survey design. It was carried out in Kilifi County, Kenya and involved a sample of 115 teenage mothers. A questionnaire and interview schedule were utilized to collect data from teenage mothers. Data was analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively. Findings indicated that teenage mothers are not adequately involved in promoting their children’s acquisition of pre-literacy skills. The authors recommend that the government increases resources allocated to pre-primary schools and pre-primary school teachers should sensitize parents on their role in getting involved in their children’s education to promote pre-literacy skills.

 

Article visualizations:

Hit counter

DOI

Keywords


early literacy, parents’ involvement, pre- literacy skills, pre-primary children, teenage mothers

Full Text:

PDF

References


Alivernini, F. (2013). An Exploration of the Gap Between Highest and Lowest Ability Readers Across 20 Countries. Educational Studies, 39 (4), 399-417.

Amond, D. & Currie, J. (2011). Killing Me Softly: The Fetal Origins Hypothesis. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 25, 153-172.

Annie, E. (2010). Early Warning: Why Reading by the End of Third Grade Matters. Baltimore, M.D., USA: Annie E. Casey Foundation.

Aseda, R. (2014). Tackle Teenage Pregnancies to spur Development. Rural Reports Dec 17th 2014. Retrieved from https://ruralreporters.com/kenya-tackle-teenage-pregnancies-to-spur-development/.

Blythe, S. (2011). In an Interview with The Guardian, Sunday 8th May 2011.

Brofenbrenner, U. (1990). Discovering What Families do. In Rebuilding the Nest: A New Commitment to the American Family. Family Service America as in Berk, L. (2000). Child Development (5th ed). Boston: Allyn and Bacon.

Chansa-Kabali, T. (2014). The Acquisition of Early Reading Skills: The Influence of Home Literacy Environment in Lusaka, Zambia: Unpublished PhD Thesis. University of Jyvaskyla.

Clarke, B. (2014). Parent and Teacher Rating Scales in the Evaluation of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Contribution to Diagnosis in Clinically Referred Children. Journal of Development and Behavioral Pediatrics, 27, (3), 209-218.

Crugnnola, R., Lerardi, E., Gazzotti, S., & Albizzati, A. (2014). Motherhood in Adolescent Mothers: Maternal Attachment, Mother-Infant Styles of Interaction and Emotion Regulation at Three Months. Journal of Infant Behavior Development. 37, 44-56, 2014

Edzisani, S. & Tholene, S. (2012). Quality of Good Life with Teenage Motherhood: Journal of Psychology in Africa, 22:3, 429-434, DOI.10.1080/14330237.2012.10820550.

Froiland, J. (2013). Positive Parenting and Parental Involvement: Keys to Healthy Child Development. Colorado Society of School Psychologists Newsletter, 27, 4-5.

Gay (1981). Educational Research: Competencies for analysis and application. Columbus, Toronto and London: Charles E. Maryhill publishing company.

Isaacs, J. & Magnuson, K. (2011). Income and Education as Predictors of Children’s School Readiness. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution.

Janson, J. M. (2013). Risk, Resilience and Positive Youth Development: Developing Effective Community Programs for High Risk Youth Lessons from the Denver Bridge Project. New York: Oxford University Press.

Karra, M. & Lee, M. (2012). Human Capital Consequences of Teenage Childbearing in South Africa. Washington, D.C.: Population Reference Bureau. Retrieved from https://scholar.harvard.edu/mkarra/publications/human-capital-consequences-teenage-childbearing-south-africa

Kassa, G. M., Arowojolu, A. O. & Odukogbe, A. A. (2018). Prevalence and Determiners of

Adolescent Pregnancy in Africa: A systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 15, 195-197

Kathomi, M. (2015). Parental Involvement and the Literacy Development of Pre-Scholars in Langata Division, Nairobi. (M.Ed. Thesis, University of Nairobi).

Kennedy, E., Dunplay, E., Dwyer, B., Hayes, G., Marsh, J., O’Conner, M., & Shiel, G. (2012). Literacy in Early Childhood and Primary Education (3-8 years). NCCA Report 15, 8-12.

Kenya Demographic Health Survey (2014). Working for a World Free Poverty. Nairobi: Kenya National Bureau of Statistics.

Lawson, K. (2012). The real power of parental reading aloud: exploring the affective and Attentional Dimensions. Australian journal of Education56 (3), 257-272.

Lwanga, C. (2018 November 7). Finger Pointing as Kilifi Reports 14000 Teenage Pregnancies. Daily Nation, Retrieved from https://www.nation.co.ke/counties/kilifi/Alarm-as-Kilifi-reports-14-000-teen-pregnancies-/1183282-4837642-c992bhz/index.html

Manduku, J. (2017). Influence of Parental Participation on Academic Performance Among Children in Early Childhood Development and Education Centers Waldai Zone, Kericho County, Kenya. International E-Journal of Advances in Education, 3 (7), 199-208.

Mangeli, M., Rayyan, M., Cheraghi, M. A. & Tirgan, B. (2017). Exploring the Challenges of Adolescent Mothers from their Life Experiences in the Transition to Motherhood: A Qualitative Study. Journal of Family and Reproductive Health, 11, (31) 165-173.

Martin, J. A., Hamilton, B. E., Osterman, M, J., Driscoll, A. K. & Drake, P. (2017). Births: Final Data for 2017 National Vital Statistics Reports: National Centre for Disease Control and Prevention. 67, (8), 55-69, 2018.

McCoy, E., & Cole, (2011). A snapshot of local support for literacy: 2010 survey. London: National Literacy Trust.

McDermott, E., Graham, H. & Hamilton, V. (2011). Experiences of Being a Teenage Mother in the UK: A Report of a Systematic Review of a Qualitative Studies. Lancaster: Lancaster University.

McLead, K. (2014). Orientating to Assembling: Qualitative Inquiry for More-Than Human Worlds. International Journal of Qualitative Methods 13, 377-394, 2014.

Mugenda, O. & Mugenda, A. (2003). Research methods: Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches Nairobi: Act Press.

Mwenda, C, (2017). Influence of the Determinants of Parental Involvement in Lower Primary School Pupils’ Homework in Laikipia County. Unpublished M.Ed. Project. Kenyatta University.

Mwoma, T. (2010). Paternal Involvement in Children’s Education: An Implication of Children’s Performance at Pre-School in Gucha District, Kenya. Doctoral Dissertation. Kenyatta University.

Mwoma, T. (2017). Children’s Reading Ability in Early Primary School Reading: Challenges of a Kenyan Rural Community. Issues in Educational Research, 27(2), 347-364.

Mwoma, T., Wekulo, P., Haycraft, E., Murage, E., Wanjohi, M., Kimuywe, J., Kinuthia, E., Muriuki, P., Pearson, N., Okelo, K., Onyango, S., Kadenge, O., Samburu, B., Mwangi, S., Kabaka, S., Tauta, C., & Griffiths, P. (2019). Experiences of Incorporating Support for Early Childhood Development into the Baby Friendly Community Initiative in Rural Kenya Journal of the British Academy. 8(S2), 103-132 https://bettercarenetwork.org/sites/default/files/2020-04/JBA-8s2-05-Mwoma-et-al.pdf.

Ndarihoranye, E. & Ndayambaje, D. (2012). Socio-Economic Problems Affecting Early Childhood Education. Kigali: KIE.

Ngure, W., Mwoma, T. & Buna, Y. (2019). Investigating the Reading Levels of Reading Skills Among Grade Three Pupils in Nairobi County, Kenya: European Journal of Education.

Njoka, J. (2016). Teenage Pregnancy in Kilifi County of Kenya. Nairobi: Faith to Action.

Nutbrown, C., Hannon, P. & Morgan, A. (2010). Early Literacy Work with Families Policy Practice and Research. London: Sage Publications.

Nyamai, F. (2018, November 1). CS Amina Orders Probe as Girls Deliver During Exam Daily Nation, Retrieved from https://www.google.com/amp//s/www.nation.co.ke/news/CS-orders-probe-on-teen-pregnancies/1056-4832262-view-asAMP-xhm1kkz/index.html

Obilloh, W. (2014). Family Characteristics Influencing Reading Readiness of pupils in Pre-Primary Schools in Siaya County. Unpublished Med Thesis. Kenyatta University.

Omwancha, K. (2012). The Implementation of an Educational Re-entry Policy for Girls after Teenage Pregnancy: A Case Study of Public Secondary Schools in Kuria District, Kenya. PhD Thesis, Victoria University of Wellington.

Opiyo, R. (2017). Home Literacy Environment and Development of Early Literacy Abilities of 3-4-Year-Old Children in Kakamega Central Sub-County, Kenya. (PhD Thesis, Kenyatta University).

Penn State University (2013). Building a Base for Strong Language and Emergent Literacy: Engaging with Young Children. Retrieved from www.extension.psy.edu/youth/betterkidcarenews/2013/building.

Raising Children (2014). The Australian Parenting Website. Retrieved from https://raisingchildren.net.au/grown-ups/family-diversity/parents-like-me/parenting-as-a-teen.

Siebert, V. (2016 January 7). The girls who had to grow up too soon: Heart-Wrenching Photos Spotlight, the Plight of Teen Mothers in Africa who are Forced to Care for Babies when they are still just Children themselves, Daily Mail, Retrieved on 16/10/2018 from, https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-3389289/amp/The-girls-grow-soon-Heart-wrenching-photo-series-spotlights-plight-teen-mothers-Africa-forced-birth-babies-just-children-themselves.html.

Smith, W. (2012). Financial problems faced by teen mothers. Prezzi.com. Retrieved from https://prezi.com/ps8rwbxltyum/financial-problems-faced-by-teen-mothers.

Stiles, A.S. (2010). Case Study of an Intervention to Enhance Maternal Sensitivity in Adolescent Mothers. Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecological and Neonatal Nursing. 39, 723-733.

The Urban Child Institute (2015). Children do better when they are not raised by children. Retrieved from www.urbanchildinstitute.org/articles/research-policy/overviews/children-do-better-when-they-are-not-raised-by-children.

Tompkins, G., (2010). Listening Activities at Home. Pearson Ally Beacon: Prentice Hall.

UNICEF (2016). Young People and Family Planning: Teenage Mothers. Retrieved from https://limun.org.uk/FCKfiles/File/2016_UNICEF_Guide.pdf.

United Nations Population Fund (2013). Motherhood in Childhood: Facing the Challenge of Adolescent Pregnancy. New York, UNFPA. https://www.unfpa.org/news/teen-mothers-kenya-become-powerful-advocates-change.

UWEZO Assessment Report (2013). Are Our Children Learning? Annual Learning Assessment Kenya 2013: Summary and Key Findings.

UWEZO East Africa (2015). Annual learning assessment report in 2014: Are our children learning? Downloaded from https://www.twaweza.org/go/uwezo-kenya-2015-ala

Wambiri, G. N. & Ndani, M. N. (2015). Relative contributions of caregivers’ level of education, role definition and average household income to care giver involvement in children’s emergent reading. Journal of Education and Practice, 6(24) 108 – 215.

World Health Organization (2020). Teenage Pregnancy Fact Sheet. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/adolescent-pregnancy.

Yulianti, K., Denessen, E., & Droop, M. (2018). The Influence of Parental Involvement on Children: A Study in Elementary Schools in Indonesia. International Journal About Parents in Education 10, 14-32.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejes.v0i0.3029

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2020 Henry Murong’a, Teresa Mwoma, Hudson Ouko

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Copyright © 2015-2023. European Journal of Education Studies (ISSN 2501 - 1111) is a registered trademark of Open Access Publishing Group. All rights reserved.


This journal is a serial publication uniquely identified by an International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) serial number certificate issued by Romanian National Library (Biblioteca Nationala a Romaniei). All the research works are uniquely identified by a CrossRef DOI digital object identifier supplied by indexing and repository platforms. All authors who send their manuscripts to this journal and whose articles are published on this journal retain full copyright of their articles. All the research works published on this journal are meeting the Open Access Publishing requirements and can be freely accessed, shared, modified, distributed and used in educational, commercial and non-commercial purposes under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).