ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATION UK
Abstract
Our study examined some aspects of entrepreneurship in private higher education in the UK. The growing value of the private higher education sector in the UK represents an opportunity for entrepreneurial investment. For this purpose, we analysed the available data from the 2015/16 to 2017/18 academic years as well as data published online in HESA’s Statistical Bulletin Higher Education Student Statistics: Alternative Providers. The data show that the total number of students grew in the observed period and the largest increase was recorded in postgraduate students. Among the students enrolled with private providers, 38% were 30 years and over in 2017/18. However, the number of younger undergraduate students is growing year on year. One of the most significant features of the private sector is low enrolment rates for students with government- supported tuition fee loans. The majority of privately-funded higher education providers operate as for-profit organisations, and one of the key factors in developing and strengthening this sector is to attract foreign capital investment and new domestic and foreign students, whilst maintaining a high quality and diverse range of study programs.
Article visualizations:
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abramovsky, L., & Simpson, H. (2011). Geographic proximity and firm–university innovation linkages: Evidence from Great Britain. Journal of Economic Geography, 11, 949–977. https://doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lbq052
Baker, S. (2017). Do private providers have higher dropout rates? Retrieved from: https://www.timeshighereducation.com/news/do-private-providers-have-higher-dropout-rates
Calderon, A. (2018). Massification of higher education. RMIT University. Power Point presentation. Retrieved from: https://www.slideshare.net/AngelCalderon11/massification-of-higher-education-revisited
CFA Report (2016). Success as a Knowledge Economy: Teaching Excellence, Social Mobility and Student Choice. Retrieved from: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/523546/bis-16-265-success-as-a-knowledge-economy-web.pdf
CGHE (2019). Private providers of higher education in the UK: mapping the terrain. Working Paper 47, authored by Dr Stephen Hunt and Professor Vikki Boliver. Retrieved from: https://www.researchcghe.org/perch/resources/publications/to-publishwp47.pdf
Crossick, G. (2010). The growth of private and for-profit higher education providers in the UK, Universities UK. Retrieved from: https://dera.ioe.ac.uk/26268/1/PrivateProviders.pdf
Deloitte (2020). Five key trends affecting the education sector. Retrieved from: https://www2.deloitte.com/uk/en/pages/public-sector/articles/trends-affecting-education-sector.html
Fielden, J., & Middlehurst, R. (2017). Alternative providers of higher education: issues for policymakers (No. 90). HEPI. Retrieved from: http://www.hepi.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Hepi_The-alternativeproviders-of-higher-education-Report-90-04_01_17-Screen2.pdf
Helmers, C., & Rogers, M. (2015). The impact of university research on corporate patenting: evidence from UK universities. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 40, 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-013-9320-0
HESA. (2018a). Higher Education Student Statistics: Alternative Providers, 2016/17 - Where students come from, go to study and subjects studied. Retrieved 20 August 2018, from https://www.hesa.ac.uk/news/15-02-2018/sfr249-higher-education-student-statistics-APs/location
HESA (2018b). Experimental Statistics: UK Performance Indicators 2016/17. Retrieved from: https://www.hesa.ac.uk/news/27-03-2018/experimental-uk-performance-indicators
HESA (2019a). Higher Education Student Statistics: Alternative Providers, 2017/18 – Notes. Retrieved from: https://www.hesa.ac.uk/news/14-02-2019/sb254-higher-education-student-statistics-APs/notes
HESA (2019b). Higher Education Student Statistics: Alternative Providers, 2017/18 - Student numbers and characteristics. Retrieved from: https://www.hesa.ac.uk/news/14-02-2019/sb254-higher-education-student-statistics-APs/numbers
HESA (2021). Higher Education Student Statistics: UK, 2019/20 – Where students come from and go to study. Retrieved from: https://www.hesa.ac.uk/news/27-01-2021/sb258-higher-education-student-statistics/location
Hillman, N. (2020). Covid-19 could be a curse for graduates but a boon for universities. Blog text. Times Higher Education. Retrieved from: https://www.timeshighereducation.com/opinion/covid-19-could-be-curse-graduates-boon-universities
HM Treasury (2014). Our plan for growth: science and innovation. Retrieved from: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/387780/PU1719_HMT_Science_.pdf
Hughes, T., Porter, A., Jones, S., & Sheen, J. (2013). Privately funded providers of higher education in the UK. London. Retrieved from: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/207128/bis-13-900-privately-funded-providers-of-higher-education-in-the-UK.pdf
Hunt, S. A., & Boliver, V. (2019a). Private Higher Education in the United Kingdom. International Higher Education, (98), 18-20. Retrieved from: https://ejournals.bc.edu/index.php/ihe/article/view/11195
Hunt, S. A., & Boliver, V. (2019b). A Look at Private Higher Education in the UK. Retrieved from: https://www.insidehighered.com/blogs/world-view/look-private-higher-education-uk
Hunt, S. A., Boliver, V. (2021). Private providers and market exit in UK higher education.
Higher Education, 81, 385–401. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-020-00546-x
ICEF Monitor (2021). UK’s updated International Education Strategy commits to growth targets and post-pandemic recovery. Retrieved from: https://monitor.icef.com/2021/02/uks-updated-international-education-strategy-commits-to-growth-targets-and-post-pandemic-recovery/
IHEP (2007). The Global State of Higher Education and the Rise of Private Finance. Retrieved from: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED539702.pdf
Kara, E., Tonin, M., & Vlassopoulos, M. (2021). Class size effects in higher education: Differences across STEM and non-STEM fields. Economics of Education Review, 82. 102104, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2021.102104
Kruss, G., McGrath, S., Petersen, Ilhaam, Gastrow, M. ( 2015). Higher education and economic development: the importance of building technological capabilities. International Journal of Educational Development, 43, 22–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2015.04.011
McGrath, S., Thondhlana , J., & Garwe, E. (2021). Internationalisation of higher education and national development: the case of Zimbabwe, Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education, 51(6), 881-900, https://doi.org/10.1080/03057925.2019.1684241
Middlehurst, R., & Fielden, J. (2011). Private Providers in UK Higher Education: some Policy Options. Retrieved from: www.hepi.ac.uk/455-1969/Private-Providers-in-UK-Higher-Education-Some-Policy-Options.html
Open Doors (2020). Report on International Educational Exchange. Retrieved from: https://opendoorsdata.org/annual-release/
Project Atlas (2000). UNESCO, 2020, Retrieved from: https://iie.widen.net/s/rfw2c7rrbd/project-atlas-infographics-2020
Qureshi, F. H. & Khawaja, S. (2021). Is covid-19 transitioning cash cows international students into cats? European Journal of Education Studies, 8(7). https://doi.org/10.46827/ejes.v8i7.3816
Shury, J., Adams, L., Barnes, M., Huntley Hewitt, J., & Oozeerally, T. (2016). Understanding the Market of Alternative Higher Education Providers and their Students in 2014. London: BIS. Retrieved from https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/alternative-providers-of-highereducation-the-market-and-students-in-2014
Tang, H.-h.H. (2020). The strategic role of world-class universities in regional innovation system: China’s Greater Bay Area and Hong Kong’s academic profession. Asian Education and Development Studies, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print. https://doi.org/10.1108/AEDS-10-2019-0163
UK Government (2021). International Education Strategy: 2021 update: Supporting recovery, driving growth. Retrieved from: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/international-education-strategy-2021-update/international-education-strategy-2021-update-supporting-recovery-driving-growth
UK Government (2017). Future of Skills & Lifelong Learning. Foresight. Retrieved from: https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/government-office-for-science
UK Government (2016). Success as a Knowledge Economy: Teaching Excellence, Social Mobility and Student Choice. Retrieved from: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/523396/bis-16-265-success-as-a-knowledge-economy.pdf
UNESCO (2021). Institute for Statistics, “Education Data.” UIS database. Retrieved from: http://data.uis.unesco.org/
Valero, A., & Van Reenen, J. (2019). The Economic Impact of Universities: Evidence from Across the Globe. Economics of Education Review, 68 (53-67) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2018.09.001
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejes.v8i12.4022
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2021 Katarina Sokić, Sarwar Khawaja
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright © 2015-2023. European Journal of Education Studies (ISSN 2501 - 1111) is a registered trademark of Open Access Publishing Group. All rights reserved.
This journal is a serial publication uniquely identified by an International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) serial number certificate issued by Romanian National Library (Biblioteca Nationala a Romaniei). All the research works are uniquely identified by a CrossRef DOI digital object identifier supplied by indexing and repository platforms. All authors who send their manuscripts to this journal and whose articles are published on this journal retain full copyright of their articles. All the research works published on this journal are meeting the Open Access Publishing requirements and can be freely accessed, shared, modified, distributed and used in educational, commercial and non-commercial purposes under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).