EXPERIENCES OF FILIPINO TEACHERS IN THE GULF COOPERATION COUNCIL (GCC) COUNTRIES’ HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

Cherubim S. Gilbang, Zarah Jane P. Manila, Laura L. Quiachon, Alex Nino L. Roble, Cruza D. Sablas, Edroslyn J. Fernandez

Abstract


This study explores the experiences of Filipino teachers working in higher education institutions within Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, focusing on the challenges they encounter and the teaching strategies they apply. In-depth interviews were done by researchers using qualitative methodologies. Criterion sampling is used to choose the participants for this study. The criteria are as follows: teachers should be teaching in a Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) country; (2) they should have rendered at least 9-11 years of teaching experience to capture a wide range of perspectives in higher educational institutions in the GCC countries; and (3) Participants should be from the undergraduate programme. The researchers interviewed five participants from higher education institutions in one of the GCC countries for IDI, all of whom fell within Creswell's recommended ranges. The collected data was subjected to a thematic analysis while ethical guidelines were followed. The study results highlight that Filipino teachers in GCC higher education institutions face challenges and opportunities in adapting to the teaching and learning process. This includes the utilization of the spoon-feeding method, the direct teaching approach, and the application of the Socratic method. Teachers also reported dealing with minimal student engagement, having difficulty managing students, being passive students, having poor attendance, and having a language barrier. The study underscores the importance of tailored support systems to enhance the integration and effectiveness of foreign educators in GCC higher education. These insights contribute to a deeper understanding of the global mobility of educators and the evolving landscape of higher education in the GCC region.

 

Article visualizations:

Hit counter


Keywords


GCC educational system, overseas Filipino teachers, teaching and learning, challenges, student engagement

Full Text:

PDF

References


a) Journal article

Aisah, E. E. & Hidayat, D. R. (2020). Teacher Talk on Expanding ESL Primary Classroom Discourse (A Case Study in an International School in Bandung). The New English Teacher, 6(1), pp. 1-3. Retrieved from http://www.assumptionjournal.au.edu/index.php/newEnglishTeacher/article/view/328

Alainati, S (2024). The Role of Educational Systems in Developing the Twenty-First Century Skills: Perspectives and Initiatives of Gulf Cooperation Council Countries. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/487X-2601034457

Alsahafi, N., & Shin, S. C. (2019). Factors affecting the academic and cultural adjustment of Saudi international students in Australian universities. Journal of International Students, 7(1), 53-72.

Amnah Mosly (2022). Education in the GCC: Developments and Trends, Retrieved from https://www.grc.net/documents/6347b678f35acEducationintheGCCDevelopmentsandTrends.pdf

Arab, K. (2023). Autonomous Learning in the Algerian (EFL) Education: State of Affairs. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/379020469_Autonomous_Learning_in_the_Algerian_EFL_Education_State_of_Affairs

Ashman, G. (2021). The Power of Explicit Teaching and Direct Instruction. SAGE. Retrieved from https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED615387

Baker, D. P. (2014). Minds, politics, and gods in the schooled society: Consequences of the education revolution. Comparative Education Review, 58(1), 6-23.

Barberos, M. T., Gozalo, A., & Padayogyog, E. (2018). The effect of the teacher’s teaching style on students’ motivation. Retrieved from https://steinhardt.nyu.edu/departments/teaching-and-learning/research/practitioner-action-research/effect-teachers-teaching

Braun, V., Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qual Res Psychol. 3(2):77–101. Retrieved from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa

Bunnell, T. (2019). The Cultural Challenges of International Teaching. International Education Journal, 18(1), 45-60. https://doi.org/10.1177/1475240919865792

Cohen-Azaria, Y., & Zamir, S. (2021). It’s not hard, only challenging’: difficulties and coping strategies of Arab students at a Jewish college in Israel. SN Social Sciences, 1(5), 108. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s43545-021-00114-9

Cooper, J. J., & Ozansoy, K. (2022). The Impacts of Strategies in Teaching on Students’ Performance in School. Near East University Online Journal of Education, 5(2), 12–18. https://doi.org/10.32955/neuje.v5i2.631

Creswell, J. W. (2013). Qualitative inquiry & research design: choosing among the five approaches. California: SAGE Publications Inc. Retrieved from https://revistapsicologia.org/public/formato/cuali2.pdf

Dalim, S. F., Ishak, A. S., & Hamzah, L. M. (2022). Promoting Students’ Critical Thinking Through Socratic Method: The Views and Challenges. Asian Journal of University Education, 18(4), 1034-1047. Retrieved from https://ajue.uitm.edu.my/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/15-Done_F-SITI-FAIRUZ.pdf

Diokno, M. D. M. L., Yap, L. H. C., Hermoso, J. E. B., & Ison, M. F. J. (2020). From Exposition to Adaptation: The Lived Experience of Filipino Educators Working in an International School Setting, A Phenomenology. International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology, 5. Retrieved from https://ijisrt.com/from-exposition-to-adaptation-the-lived-experience-of-filipino-educators-working-in-an-international-school-setting-a-phenomenology

Evans, M., & Stevenson, M. (2018). The Impact of International Teachers on Host Schools: A Global Perspective. Educational Review, 70(3), 295-310.

Fujimoto-Adamson, N., & Miura, T. (2020). Language Barriers in the Classroom: The Struggles of International Teachers. Journal of Applied Linguistics, 15(3), 201-217.

Gándara, P., & Contreras, F. (2009). The Latino education crisis: The consequences of failed social policies. Harvard University Press. Retrieved from https://www.hup.harvard.edu/books/9780674047051

Gottfried, M. A. (2014). Chronic absenteeism and its effects on students' academic achievement. Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk (JESPAR) 19(2):53-75. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10824669.2014.962696

Hsu, C. F., & Huang, I. (2017). Are international students quiet in class? The influence of teacher confirmation on classroom apprehension and willingness to talk in class. Journal of International Students, 7(1), 38-52. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.32674/jis.v7i1.244

Huang, Z. (2018). Professional Adjustment among International Teachers. Global Education Review, 5(2), 98-113.

Ibrahim, A., & Barnawi, O. Z. (2022). Higher Education in the Arabian Gulf Region. Routledge. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003049609

Kiger, M. E., & Varpio, L. (2020). Thematic analysis of qualitative data: AMEE Guide No. 131. Medical teacher, 42(8), 846-854. https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159x.2020.1755030

Kirk, D. J. (2013). Comparative education and the Arabian Gulf. Annual review of comparative and international education 2013, 175-189. Retrieved from https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=MdwGQSMAAAAJ&citation_for_view=MdwGQSMAAAAJ:d1gkVwhDpl0C

Lee, S. (2019). Supporting International Teachers: Professional Development and Integration Strategies. Journal of Teacher Education, 40(4), 345-360.

Lincoln, Y. S., Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic Inquiry. California: SAGE Publications Inc.

Makhene, A. (2019). The use of the Socratic inquiry to facilitate critical thinking in nursing education. Health SA Gesondheid, 24. https://doi.org/10.4102%2Fhsag.v24i0.1224

McNulty, Y., & Carter, M. (2021). Social Isolation in the Lives of International Teachers. Teaching and Teacher Education, 36, 10-25.

O'Reilly, C., Devitt, A., & Hayes, N. (2022). Critical thinking in the preschool classroom-A systematic literature review. Thinking skills and creativity, 46, 101110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2022.101110

Richardson, P. (2020). Addressing the Professional Challenges of International Educators. Journal of International Education Research, 26(4), 321-335.

Romero, E. V. (2013). Problems Encountered by Filipino Educators in the United Arab Emirates: Their Effects on Service Commitment. Liceo Journal of Higher Education Research, 9(1), 278. Retrieved from https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A512855481/AONE?u=anon~95dc3f7d&sid=googleScholar&xid=fe4b2095

Savva, M. (2017). Career Trajectories of International Teachers: Motivations and Professional Development. International Journal of Educational Research, 82, 102-111.

Serin, H. (2017, September). The Effects of Teaching Abroad on Personal and Professional Development, International Journal of Social Sciences and Educational Studies. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320661431_The_Effects_of_Teaching_Abroad_on_Personal_and_Professional_Development

Tomlinson, C. A., & Imbeau, M. B. (2020). Leading and managing a differentiated classroom. ASCD. Retrieved from https://ascd.org/books/leading-and-managing-a-differentiated-classroom-2nd-edition?variant=122012

Wekerle, C., Daumiller, M., & Kollar, I. (2022). Using digital technology to promote higher education learning: The importance of different learning activities and their relations to learning outcomes. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 54(1), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/15391523.2020.1799455

Zhang, P. (2012). Interactive Patterns and Teacher Talk Features in an EFL Reading Class in a Chinese University-A Case Study with Communicative Teaching Method. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 2(5), pp. 980-988. Retrieved from https://www.academypublication.com/issues/past/tpls/vol02/05/15.pdf

b) Article by DOI

Amin, H., Zaman, A., & Tok, E. (2023). Education for sustainable development and global citizenship education in the GCC: a systematic literature review. Globalisation, Societies and Education, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/14767724.2023.2265846

Ayllón, S., Alsina, Á., & Colomer, J. (2019). Teachers’ involvement and students’ self-efficacy: Keys to achievement in higher education. PLoS ONE, 14(5), https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0216865

Cheng, M., & Al Shukaili, J. (2022). Ensuring quality of offshore programmes: views and expectations of key stakeholders in Oman. Quality in Higher Education, 28(3), 289–307. https://doi.org/10.1080/13538322.2021.2024273

Haleem, A., Javaid, M., Qadri, M. A., & Suman, R. (2022). Understanding the role of digital technologies in education: A review. Sustainable Operations and Computers, 3, 275–285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susoc.2022.05.004

Qablan, A. (2024). Active Learning. In Advances in educational technologies and instructional design book series (pp. 31–41). https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-0880-6.ch003

Saini, D. K., & Al-Mamri, M. R. S. (2019). Investigation of Technological Tools Used in the Education System in Oman. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 1(1), 100003. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2019.100003

c) Thesis

Laerd Dissertation (2012). Purposive Sampling. Retrieved from http://dissertation.laerd.com/purposive-sampling.php

d) Online document

Bassett, R. (2018). Intercultural adjustment for teachers abroad. Retrieved from https://repository.stcloudstate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1198&context=engl_etds

Bouslog, M. (2019, August 7). Effective Teaching Strategies Used in Today’s Classrooms. Graduate Programs for Educators. Retrieved from https://www.graduateprogram.org/2019/08/teaching-strategies-used-in-todays-classroom/#:~:text=Teaching%20strategies%20play%20an%20important

Cowan E.P. (2021, May 6). Teaching Strategies. ECU Intranet. Retrieved from https://intranet.ecu.edu.au/learning/curriculum-design/teaching-strategies

Crossman, A. (2019). The meaning of reliability in sociology. Though Co. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/reliability-definition-3026520#:~:text=By%20Ashley%20Crossman,being%20measured%20does%20not%20change.

Nikolopoulou, K. (2022). What is convenience sampling? Scribbr. Retrieved from https://www.scribbr.com/methodology /convenience-sampling/

Nifle, J. 2021, October 13). The role of teacher talk in the foreign language classroom. The Art of TEFL. https://ioannanifli.wordpress.com/2021/10/13/the-role-of-teacher-talk-in-the-foreign-language-classroom/

Renard, L. (2019). Direct instruction: A practical guide to effective teaching. Published online: Available from https://www.bookwidgets.com/blog/2019/03/direct-instruction-a-practical-guide-to-effective-teaching

Rutledge, P. B., & Hogg, J. L. C. (2020). In‐depth interviews - Rutledge - major reference works. Wiley Online Library. Retrieved from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/9781119011071.iemp019

Shahid Lakha. (2024). Understanding Direct Instruction Methods. Retrieved from https://www.educasciences.org/teaching-methods-and-techniques-direct-instruction-methods

Tenny, S., Brannan, J. M., Brannan, G. D. (2022). Qualitative study. Stat Pearls. StatPearls Publishing. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470395/

The Higher Education Review. Internationalization of Higher education in GCC countries. (2022, September 28). Retrieved from https://studyabroad.thehighereducationreview.com/news/internationalization-of-higher-education-in-gcc-countries--nid-3539.html#google_vignette

e) Book

Díaz-Rico, L. T. (2018). The crosscultural, language, and academic development handbook: A complete K-12 reference guide. Pearson Education. Retrieved from https://francis.bncollege.com/c/Crosscultural-Language-and-Academic-Development-Handbook-A-Complete-K-12-Reference-Guide/p/MBS_2101883_dg




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejes.v11i11.5626

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2024 Cherubim S. Gilbang, Zarah Jane P. Manila, Laura L. Quiachon, Alex Nino L. Roble, Cruza D. Sablas, Edroslyn J. Fernandez

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Copyright © 2015-2023. European Journal of Education Studies (ISSN 2501 - 1111) is a registered trademark of Open Access Publishing Group. All rights reserved.


This journal is a serial publication uniquely identified by an International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) serial number certificate issued by Romanian National Library (Biblioteca Nationala a Romaniei). All the research works are uniquely identified by a CrossRef DOI digital object identifier supplied by indexing and repository platforms. All authors who send their manuscripts to this journal and whose articles are published on this journal retain full copyright of their articles. All the research works published on this journal are meeting the Open Access Publishing requirements and can be freely accessed, shared, modified, distributed and used in educational, commercial and non-commercial purposes under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).